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游戏机制 高级游戏设计技术

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游戏机制 高级游戏设计技术

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游戏机制是游戏核心部分的规则、流程以及数据。在游戏设计中,游戏机制居于核心地位。它们使游戏世界生动多彩,产生出供玩家解决的种种灵活挑战,并决定着玩家的行动在游戏中产生的效果。游戏设计师的工作,就是打造出能够产生挑战丰富、乐趣十足、平衡良好的可玩性的游戏机制。
《游戏机制——高级游戏设计技术》介绍游戏机制的本质,教授读者如何设计、测试及调整游戏的核心机制。全书共包括12章,分别从不同角度介绍和阐述了游戏机制,介绍了用于构建和模拟游戏机制的Machinations工具,展示了实用案例、常见的机制以及设计模式,还探讨了模拟和平衡游戏、构建经济机制、关卡设计与机制设计的融合以及有意义的机制等相对深入的话题。
《游戏机制——高级游戏设计技术》适合学习游戏设计的学生以及希望对游戏机制的设计、构建和测试加深了解的业内人士阅读参考。
Author Description

Ernest Adams是一名游戏设计顾问和教师,也是与本书联系紧密的经典著作《Fundamentals of Game Design(第2版)》的作者。他已经在游戏业中工作了23年,其中8年在EA工作。他还是国际游戏开发者协会的创始人和首任主席。



Joris Dormans是一名游戏设计讲师和游戏设计研究者,现居住于阿姆斯特丹。他拥有8年的高等教育行业工作经验。过去4年中,他一直致力于研究可用于游戏机制设计的规范化工具和方法。作为一名独立自由的游戏设计师,他已经发表了多个电子游戏和桌上游戏作品,包括故事驱动型冒险游戏、物理平台游戏以及一款卡牌游戏。
Catalogue

目录

第1章设计游戏机制1
1.1规则定义游戏1
1.1.1游戏是不可预测的2
1.1.2从规则到机制3
1.1.3机制是独立于媒介的4
1.1.4五种游戏机制5
1.1.5机制和游戏类型6
1.2离散机制vs.连续机制8
1.2.1理解物理机制8
1.2.2将物理机制和策略性玩法相结合9
1.2.3利用离散机制进行创新10
1.3机制和游戏设计过程11
1.3.1游戏设计流程概述11
1.3.2尽早设计机制13
1.3.3找对方法14
1.4原型制作技术14
1.4.1一些术语14
1.4.2软件原型15
1.4.3纸面原型16
1.4.4物理原型18
1.4.5原型聚焦点18
本章总结20
练习20

第2章突现和渐进21
2.1突现和渐进的历史21
2.2将突现和渐进进行对比22
2.3突现型游戏24
2.3.1复杂系统中的简单部分24
2.3.2游戏玩法和游戏状态25
2.3.3实例:《文明》26
2.4渐进型游戏28
2.4.1游戏教程29
2.4.2游戏中的叙事30
2.4.3实例:《塞尔达传说》31
2.5结构差异34
2.6将突现和渐进相结合36
本章总结39
练习39

第3章复杂系统和突现结构40
3.1作为游戏突现特性的可玩性40
3.1.1秩序和混沌之间42
3.1.2突现现象是否可以设计?44
3.2复杂系统的结构特性44
3.2.1活跃并相互关联的组成部分44
3.2.2反馈循环可促进系统稳定也可使系统失稳47
3.2.3不同的规模级别生发出不同的行为模式49
3.2.4对突现进行分类51
3.3驾驭游戏中的突现特性52
本章总结53
练习53

第4章内部经济54
4.1内部经济的构成要素55
4.1.1资源55
4.1.2实体56
4.1.3经济系统中的四个功能56
4.2经济结构57
4.2.1经济走势图57
4.2.2一局国际象棋的走势图59
4.2.3从机制到走势图60
4.3内部经济在游戏中的应用65
4.3.1用内部经济补强物理机制65
4.3.2用内部经济影响游戏进程66
4.3.3通过内部经济引入策略性玩法67
4.3.4用内部经济创造出大概率空间68
4.3.5经济构建型游戏的一些设计技巧70
本章总结71
练习71

第5章Machinations72
5.1Machinations框架72
5.1.1Machinations工具73
5.1.2Machinations工具如何运作74
5.1.3Machinations的表现范畴和细节程度74
5.2Machinations示意图的基本元件75
5.2.1池和资源75
5.2.2资源通路76
5.2.3激活模式78
5.2.4资源的推送和牵引79
5.2.5时间模式80
5.2.6状态变化82
5.3高级节点类型86
5.3.1门87
5.3.2来源89
5.3.3消耗器89
5.3.4转换器90
5.3.5交易器91
5.3.6结束条件91
5.4模拟《吃豆人》92
5.4.1游戏中的资源92
5.4.2豆子93
5.4.3水果机制94
5.4.4鬼怪产生危险度95
5.4.5被鬼怪抓住并损失生命96
5.4.6大力丸97
5.4.7完整的机制示意图98
本章总结98
练习99

第6章常见机制101
6.1Machinations的更多概念101
6.1.1寄存器101
6.1.2间隔102
6.1.3倍增数103
6.1.4延迟器和队列104
6.1.5反向触发器105
6.1.6颜色编码功能106
6.2游戏中的反馈结构107
6.2.1闭合环路形成反馈机制107
6.2.2通过影响输出端来形成反馈109
6.2.3正反馈篮球赛与负反馈篮球赛110
6.2.4多个反馈循环的情况111
6.2.5反馈的面貌115
6.2.6反馈的七个属性116
6.2.7反馈机制的可确定性118
6.3随机vs.突现119
6.3.1利用随机性迫使玩家随机应变120
6.3.2利用随机性制约统治性策略121
6.4机制示例124
6.4.1动作游戏中的增益道具和可收集道具124
6.4.2竞速游戏与皮筋约束机制127
6.4.3RPG元素128
6.4.4FPS经济机制130
6.4.5RTS采集机制131
6.4.6RTS建造机制132
6.4.7RTS战斗机制133
6.4.8科技树136
本章总结137
练习138

第7章设计模式140
7.1设计模式介绍140
7.1.1设计模式简史141
7.1.2游戏中的设计语汇库142
7.1.3游戏中的设计模式143
7.2Machinations设计模式语言144
7.2.1模式描述信息144
7.2.2类型:引擎145
7.2.3类型:阻碍力147
7.2.4类型:渐增149
7.2.5其他模式151
7.2.6将设计模式进行组合153
7.2.7细化作用和模式嵌套154
7.2.8对模式语言进行扩展156
7.3用模式支持设计159
7.3.1改进你的设计159
7.3.2利用设计模式开展头脑风暴159
本章总结160
练习161

第8章模拟并平衡游戏162
8.1对玩测活动进行模拟162
8.1.1Machinations中的人工玩家163
8.1.2利用Multiple Runs模式采集数据167
8.1.3设计人工玩家策略168
8.2模拟《地产大亨》170
8.2.1对模拟玩测进行分析171
8.2.2运气效果172
8.2.3地租与收入的平衡174
8.2.4加入动态阻碍力176
8.3平衡《SimWar》178
8.3.1建立《SimWar》模型179
8.3.2将所有机制组合起来180
8.3.3定义人工玩家181
8.3.4调节游戏平衡183
8.4从模型到游戏185
本章总结185
练习186

第9章构建游戏经济187
9.1经济构建型游戏187
9.2剖析《凯撒大帝III》188
9.2.1支配性经济结构191
9.2.2经济构件193
9.3设计《月球殖民地》196
9.3.1游戏规则(第一版原型)196
9.3.2基本经济结构200
9.3.3经济构件202
9.3.4障碍和事件205
9.3.5其他经济策略207
本章总结208
练习208

第10章将关卡设计和游戏机制融合起来209
10.1从玩具到游乐场209
10.1.1构筑玩乐活动209
10.1.2构筑游戏进度211
10.1.3侧重于机制中的不同结构213
10.1.4讲述故事215
10.2任务和游戏空间216
10.2.1将机制映射到主任务中218
10.2.2将机制映射到游戏空间中222
10.3学习玩游戏225
10.3.1技能原子225
10.3.2习武法则227
本章总结231
练习231

第11章渐进机制232
11.1锁-钥匙机制232
11.1.1将主任务映射到游戏空间中233
11.1.2用角色能力作为钥匙236
11.1.3用Machinations来表现锁-钥匙机制237
11.1.4动态的锁-钥匙机制240
11.1.5围绕着动态的锁-钥匙机制来构筑关卡242
11.2突现型渐进243
11.2.1把进度看作资源244
11.2.2间接生产进度247
11.2.3突现型进度和玩法阶段250
11.2.4构筑玩法阶段252
本章总结254
练习254

第12章有意义的机制256
12.1严肃游戏256
12.1.1早期严肃游戏257
12.1.2严肃电子游戏259
12.2传播理论261
12.2.1媒介如何影响信息263
12.2.2机制如何发送信息264
12.2.3设计挑战265
12.3游戏和模拟系统中的符号学267
12.3.1游戏和模拟系统269
12.3.2类比模拟273
12.3.3象征模拟275
12.3.4少即是多276
12.4意义的多个层次279
12.4.1不相关的意义279
12.4.2表面形式和机制之间的对比280
12.4.3互文讽刺283
本章总结284
练习284

附录AMachinations速查手册286
资源通路286
状态通路286
节点287
激活模式牵引和推送模式287
门的类型和其他元件288

附录B设计模式库289
B.1静态引擎289
B.2动态引擎291
B.3转换引擎293
B.4引擎构建297
B.5静态阻碍力299
B.6动态阻碍力301
B.7阻碍机制304
B.8耗损306
B.9渐增型挑战309
B.10渐增型复杂度311
B.11军备竞赛314
B.12玩法风格强化316
B.13多反馈319
B.14交易319
B.15劳力分配319
B.16慢性循环319

附录CMachinations入门指南320
Book Abstract

当游戏规则十分复杂时,也会产生不可预测性,至少对人类玩家是这样。复杂系统通常包括许多可交互的组成部分。单个组成部分的运作规则可能简明易懂,但是组成一个整体之后,其运作机制就会相当高深、难以预测。国际象棋就是这种效应的一个经典例子。16枚棋子各自的移动规则都很简单,但这些简单的规则组合在一起后,就形成了一个具有高度复杂性的游戏。阐述国际象棋策略的书籍多到足可以堆满若干座图书馆。高水平的棋手还可以运用一系列走法构建陷阱,然后引诱对手上钩。在这类游戏中,判断游戏的当前局势,并理解游戏策略上的复杂性,是最重要的游戏技巧。
大多数游戏都混合了以上三种产生不可预测性的要素,即偶然性、玩家选择以及复杂的规则。对于这些要素的组合方式,不同玩家有不同的偏好。一些人喜欢随机因素丰富的游戏,而另一些人喜欢以策略性或复杂性为主的游戏。在这三种方案中,偶然性是最容易实现的,但它并不一定是产生不可预测性的最佳方案。另一方面,规则复杂、能为玩家提供大量选择的系统很难设计好,而本书就是为了帮助你达到这个目标而写的。在游戏规则所能做到的事中,为玩家提供有趣的选择尤其重要,本书的大多数章节就是用于阐述相关的设计方法的。在第6章中,我们从多个方面介绍并阐述了各种生成随机数的方法(相当于用软件来模拟掷骰子),但我们认为,在游戏机制设计中,偶然性仍应作为次要的、辅助性的因素。

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欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折

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