使用Subversion进行版本控制（影印版）（第2版）

软件开发人员所面临的最大困惑之一就是版本控制：对信息变化的管理。 《使用Subversion进行版本控制 第二版》介绍了一个理想的版本工具用于管理一个编程项目或者其他任何涉及文档共享的团队任务。这本官方指南由Subversion开发小组根据Subversion 1.5更新，涵盖了安装、配置和使用这项开源技术的每个方面。通过《使用Subversion进行版本控制(影印版)(第2版)》，你将：理解版本控制的基本概念通过全程导引的流程了解Subversion的能力和工作流；综合的复杂主题，如分支和合并；掌握高级功能，诸如属性、外部定义和管理；得到关于仓库、服务器设置和管理的按步骤指导；探讨上下文相关的排错建议；获得最佳实践的推荐；拥有Subversion的一份完整参考。如果你从未使用过版本控制，这一新版本囊括你起步所需要的一切。而如果你是其他版本控制系统的长期用户，《使用Subversion进行版本控制(影印版)(第2版)》将帮助你轻松地转换至到Subversion。

“不管你的学习方式是什么，本书的目标是成为对背景迥异的人们——从那些对版本控制毫无经验的人到有经验的系统管理员——都有用的书。”
——摘自前言

Foreword
Preface
1. Fundamental Concepts
The Repository
Versioning Models
Subversion in Action
Summary

2. Basic Usage
Help!
Getting Data into Your Repository
Initial Checkout
Basic Work Cycle
Examining History
Sometimes You Just Need to Clean Up
Summary

3. Advanced Topics
Revision Specifiers
Properties
File Portability
Ignoring Unversioned Items
Keyword Substitution
Sparse Directories
Locking
Externals Definitions
Peg and Operative Revisions
Changelists
Network Model
Summary

4. Branching and Merging
Whats a Branch?
Using Branches
Basic Merging
Advanced Merging
Traversing Branches
Tags
Branch Maintenance
Common Branching Patterns
Vendor Branches
Summary

5. Repository Administration
The Subversion Repository, Defined
Strategies for Repository Deployment
Creating and Configuring Your Repository
Repository Maintenance
Moving and Removing Repositories
Summary

6. Server Configuration
Overview
Choosing a Server Configuration
svnserve, a Custom Server
httpd, the Apache HTTP Server
Path-Based Authorization
Supporting Multiple Repository Access Methods

7. Customizing Your Subversion Experience
Runtime Configuration Area
Localization
Using External Editors
Using External Differencing and Merge Tools
Summary

8. Embedding Subversion
Layered Library Design
Inside the Working Copy Administration Area
Using the APIs
Summary

9. Subversion Complete Reference
The Subversion Command-Line Client: svn
svnadmin
svnlook
svnsync
svnserve
svndumpfilter
svnversion
mod_dav_svn Configuration Directives
mod_authz_svn
Subversion Properties
Repository Hooks
A. Subversion Quick-Start Guide
B. Subversion for CVS Users
C. WebDAV and Autoversioning
D. Copyright
Index

A bad Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) sheet is one that is composed not of the questions people actually ask, but of the questions the FAQs author wishes people would ask. Perhaps youve seen the type before:
Q: How can I use Glorbosoft XYZ to maximize team productivity?.
A:Many of our customers want to know how they can maximize productivity through our patented office groupware innovations. The answer is simple. First, click on the File menu, scroll down to Increase Productivity, then...
The problem with such FAQs is that they are not, in a literal sense, FAQs at all. No one ever called the tech support line and asked, "How can we maximize productivity? Rather, people asked highly specific questions, such as "How can we change the calendaring system to send reminders two days in advance instead of one?" and so on. But its a lot easier to make up imaginary Frequently Asked Questions than it is to discover the real ones. Compiling a true FAQ sheet requires a sustained, organized effort: over the lifetime of the software, incoming questions must be tracked, responses monitored, and all gathered into a coherent, searchable whole that reflects the collective experience of users in the wild. It calls for the patient, observant attitude of a field naturalist. No grand hypothesizing, no visionary pronouncements here——open eyes and accurate note-taking are whats needed most.
What I love about this book is that it grew out of just such a process, and shows it on every page. It is the direct result of the authors encounters with users. It began with Ben Collins-Sussmans observation that people were asking the same basic questions over and over on the Subversion mailing lists: what are the standard workflows to use with Subversion? Do branches and tags work the same way as in other version control systems? How can I find out who made a particular change?
Frustrated at seeing the same questions day after day, Ben worked intensely over a month in the summer of 2002 to write The Subversion Handbook, a 60-page manual that covered all the basics of using Subversion. The manual made no pretense of being complete, but it was distributed with Subversion and got users over that initial hump in the learning curve. When OReilly decided to publish a full-length Subversion book, the path of least resistance was obvious: just expand the Subversion handbook. ..
The three coauthors of the new book were thus presented with an unusual opportunity. Officially, their task was to write a book top-down, starting from a table of contents and an initial draft. But they also had access to a steady stream——indeed, an uncontrollable geyser——of bottom-up source material. Subversion was already in the hands of thousands of early adopters, and those users were giving tons of feedback, not only about Subversion, but also about its existing documentation.
During the entire time they wrote this book, Ben, Mike, and Brian haunted the Subversion mailing lists and chat rooms incessantly, carefully noting the problems users were having in real-life situations. Monitoring such feedback was part of their job descriptions at CollabNet anyway, and it gave them a huge advantage when they set out to document Subversion. The book they produced is grounded firmly in the bedrock of experience, not in the shifting sands of wishful thinking; it combines the best aspects of user manual and FAQ sheet. This duality might not be noticeable on a first reading. Taken in order, front to back, the book is simply a straightforward description of a piece of software. Theres the overview, the obligatory guided tour, the chapter on administrative configuration, some advanced topics, and of course, a command reference and troubleshooting guide. Only when you come back to it later, seeking the solution to some specific problem, does its authenticity shine out: the telling details that can only result from encounters with the unexpected, the examples honed from genuine use cases, and most of all the sensitivity to the users needs and the users point of view.
Of course, no one can promise that this book will answer every question you have about Subversion. Sometimes the precision with which it anticipates your questions will seem eerily telepathic; yet occasionally, you will stumble into a hole in the communitys knowledge and come away empty-handed. When this happens, the best thing you can do is email users@subversion, tigris, org and present your problem. The authors are still there and still watching, and the authors include not just the three listed on the cover, but many others who contributed corrections and original material. From the communitys point of view, solving your problem is merely a pleasant side effect of a much larger project——namely, slowly adjusting this book, and ultimately Subversion itself, to more closely match the way people actually use it. They are eager to hear from you, not only because they can help you, but because you can help them. With Subversion, as with all active free software projects, you are not alone.
Let this book be your first companion.