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人文阅读与收藏·良友文学丛书:一天的工作

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《人文读与收藏·良友文学丛书:一天的工作》是鲁迅先生精选慎译最足代表苏联的短篇小说。《竖琴》选的是十篇同路人的作品,这里是几篇苏联无产者作家的小说。读《竖琴》的人,一定不要错过这部书。
Content Description

《人文读与收藏·良友文学丛书:一天的工作》是鲁迅在1932年至1933年间编译的苏联短篇小说集,1933年3月由上海良友图书印刷公司出版,列为《良友文学丛书》之一。内收毕力涅克的《苦蓬》、绥甫林娜的《肥料》、略悉珂的《铁的静寂》、聂维洛夫的《我要活》、玛拉式庚的《工人》、绥拉菲摩维支的《人文读与收藏·良友文学丛书:一天的工作》和《岔道夫》、孚尔玛诺夫的《革命的英雄们》、唆罗诃夫的《父亲》、班菲洛夫和伊连珂夫合写的《枯煤,人们和耐火砖》等作品十篇。其中绥拉菲摩维支的两篇为文尹(杨之华)译。这些作品都以苏联十月革命和国内战争为背景,描写了当时苏联社会各阶层的斗争、工作、生活状态。鲁迅的翻译强调忠实原文,以“硬译”风格闻名。我国国内大革命后,在民众中普遍产生了一种“政治焦虑”,而鲁迅对苏联进步书籍的译介,给广大民众提供了一个排解和释放这种焦虑的渠道。
Author Description

鲁迅(1881-1936),原名周樟寿,1898年改为周树人,笔名鲁迅,字豫山、豫亭,中国文学家、思想家和革命家。中国现代重要作家,新文化运动的领导人、左翼文化运动的支持者。1918年5月,首次以“鲁迅”作笔名,发表了中国文学史上第一篇白话小说《狂人日记》,奠定了新文学运动的基石,是中国白话文小说的先驱者。他的主要代表作有:小说集《呐喊》、《彷徨》、《故事新编》;散文集《朝花夕拾》(原名《旧事重提》);散文诗集、杂文集《野草》、《坟》、《热风》、《华盖集》、《南腔北调集》、《三闲集》、《二心集》、《而已集》等。他大力翻译外国进步文学作品和介绍国内外著名的绘画、木刻;搜集、研究、整理大量的古典文学。鲁迅被称为中华民族的“民族魂”,他是中国现代文学的开拓者和奠基人。
Catalogue

目次
前记
苦蓬
肥料
铁的静寂
我要活
工人
一天的工作
岔道夫
革命的英雄们
父亲
枯煤,人们和耐火砖
后记
Book Abstract

太阳走着那灼热的路程。白天里,为了炎热和寂静,令人不能堪,镕化了玻璃似的细细的暑热,在远方发抖。午后的休息时间,那泰理亚走到发掘场,坐在倒翻在掘开的泥土里的手推车子上,和包迪克一同晒着太阳在谈话。太阳是煌煌地照临。手推车子上,黑土上,草上,天幕上,都有杂色的条纹绢一般的暑热的色彩。
那泰理亚讲些暑热的事,革命的事,最近的事。——她竭全身的血以迎革命,希望革命的成就——而今日之日,却落得了苦蓬。今日之日,是用苦蓬在放散着气味。——她也像绥蒙·伊凡诺微支一般地说。加以为了包迪克将头靠在她的膝髁上,为了她的小衫的扣子脱开了,露着颈子,而且又为了热得太利害,她觉到别的苦蓬了。关于这个,她一句也不提。而她仍然像绥蒙·伊凡诺微支一般地说。
包迪克仰天躺着,半闭了那灰色的眼睛,握着那泰理亚的手。她为了热,为了恼,闭了嘴的时候,他就说起来;
俄罗斯。革命。是呵。苦篷在发气味呀,——生和死的水。是的。什么都灭亡下去了。没有逃路。是的……你去想想那个俄罗斯的童话罢——“生和死的水”的话。伏伊凡已经完全没有法子,自己这里是一物不剩,他连死都不能够了。但是,伏伊凡胜利了。因为他有真实。真实是要战胜虚伪的。一切虚伪,是要灭亡的。童话这东西,都是悲哀和恐怖和虚伪所编就的东西,但无论什么时候,总靠真实来解开。看我们的周围罢,——在俄罗斯,现今岂不是正在大行童话么?创造童话的是国民。创造革命的也是国民,而革命现在是童话一般开头了。现在的饥荒,不全然是童话么?现在的死亡,不全然是童话么?市街岂不是倒回到十八世纪去,童话似的在死下去么?看我们的周围罢——是童话呀。而且我们我们俩之间,也是童话呵。——你的手,在发苦蓬的气味哪。
包迪克将那泰理亚的手放在眼睛上,悄悄地在手掌上接吻了。那泰理亚低头坐着。束发挂了下来。——而且她又激切地觉得,革命之于她,是和带着悲哀的欢喜,带着苦蓬的悲哀的那强烈的欢喜相联系的。是童话。乌佛克也是童话里的东西。美陀益尼也是童话里的东西。有着马克斯似的,凯希吉(一)一般黑心的怪物马克斯似的络腮胡子的那绥蒙·伊凡诺微支,也是童话里的东西。
手推车子。天幕。泥土。乌佛克,伏尔迦,远方,都为炎热炙得光辉灿烂。四近仿佛像要烧起来,既没有人气,也没有人声。太阳走着三点时分的路程。从手推车子下面和掘土之后盖着草席的洞里,时时爬出些穿着红的短裤和粗布裤子的各自随意装束的人物来,细着眼欠伸一下,到水桶里去喝水,吸烟。
一个男人坐在包迪克的面前,点上了烟卷,摩着袒露的毛茸茸的胸膛,一面慢慢地说:
喂,动手罢,弗罗理支老板,……用马,就好了,密哈尔小子,得敲他起来,那畜生,死了似的钻在土里面。
一到傍晚,络纬叫起来了。那泰理亚挑着大桶,到菜圃去给苗床浇水。额上流着汗,身子为了桶的重量,紧张得说不出,甜津津地作痛。溅在赤脚上的水点,来了凉爽的心情。一到了傍晚,野雀便在樱桃树的茂密中叫了起来,令人想到七月,于是立刻不叫了。最后的蜜蜂向着箱巢,黄金色的空气中悠悠然飞去。她走进樱林密处,吃了汁如血液的樱桃。丛莽之间,生着蓝色的吊钟草和大越橘,——照常采了一些,编起花环来。在楼顶的自己的屋子里,地主的小姐的屋子里,玩弄着装奁中的旧绢布,她一面嗅着蜡香和陈腐的发酸的气息。她用新的眼睛去看自己的屋子——屋子里面,罩满着带些苍味的黄昏,轻倩的颤动的影子在地板上爬走,有着旧式的颇为好看的花纹的蓝色墙壁,就用那旧式的沉静,省事地单纯地来迎接了。她在盆子里用凉水洗了浴。
听到了绥蒙·伊凡诺微支的脚步声,——走到崖下去躲避他,躺在草上,闭了眼睛。
注一:童话中的地下国土的魔王——译者。
太阳成了大的黄色的落日,沉下去了。
……
Introduction

苏联的无产作家,是十月革命以后,即努力于创作的,一九一八年,无产者教化团就印行了无产者小说家和诗人的丛书。二十年夏,又开了作家的大会。而最初的文学者的大结合,则是名为‘锻冶厂’的集团。
但这一集团的作者,是往往负着深的传统的影响的,因此就少有独创性,到新经济政策施行后,误以为革命近于失败,折了幻想的翅子,几乎不能歌唱了。首先对他们宣战的,是‘那巴斯图’(意云:在前哨)派的批评家,英古罗夫说:‘对于我们的今日,他们在怠工,理由是因为我们的今日,没有十月那时的灿烂。他们……不愿意走下英雄底阿灵比亚来。这太平常了。这不是他们的事。’
一九二二年十二月,无产者作家的一团在‘青年卫军’的编辑室里集合,决议另组一个‘十月团’,‘锻冶厂’和‘青年卫军’的团员,离开旧社,加入者不少,这是‘锻冶厂’分裂的开端。‘十月团’的主张,如烈烈威支说,是‘内乱已经结束,“暴风雨和袭击”的时代过去了。而灰色的暴风雨的时代又已到来,在无聊的幔下,暗暗地准备着新的“暴风雨”和新的“袭击”。’所以抒情诗须用叙事诗和小说来替代;抒情诗也‘应该是血,是肉,给我们看活人的心绪和感情,不要表示柏拉图一流的欢喜了。’
但‘青年卫军’的主张,却原与‘十月团’有些相近的。
革命直后的无产者文学,诚然也以诗歌为最多,内容和技术,杰出的都很少。有才能的革命者,还在血战的涡中,文坛几乎全被较为闲散的‘同路人’所独占。然而还是步步和社会的实现一同进行,渐从抽象的,主观的而到了具体的,实在的描写,纪念碑的长篇大作,陆续发表出来,如里培进斯基的‘一周间’,绥拉菲摩维支的‘铁流’,革拉特珂夫的‘士敏土’,就都是一九二三至二四年中的大收获,且已移植到中国,为我们所熟识的。
站在新的立场上的智识者的作家既经辈出,一面有些‘同路人’也和现实接近起来,如伊凡诺夫的‘哈蒲一’,斐定的‘都市与年’,也被称为苏联文坛上的重要的收获。先前的势如水火的作家,现在似乎渐渐有些融洽了。然而这文学上的接近,渊源其实是很不相同的。珂刚教授在所著的‘伟大的十年的文学’中说:
‘无产者文学虽然经过了几多的变迁,各团体间有过争斗,但总是以一个观念为标帜,发展下去的。这观念,就是将文学看作阶级底表现,无产阶级的世界感的艺术底形式化,组织意识,使意志向着一定的行动的因子,最后,则是战斗时候的观念形态底武器。纵使各团体间,颇有不相一致的地方,但我们从不见有谁想要复兴一种超阶级的,自足的,价值内在的,和生活毫无关系的文学。无产者文学是从生活出发,不是从文学性出发的。虽然因为作家们的眼界的扩张,以及从直接斗争的主题,移向心理问题,伦理问题,感情,情热,人心的细微的经验,那些称为永久底全人类的主题的一切问题去,而“文学性”也愈加占得光荣的地位;所谓艺术底手法,表现法,技巧之类,又会有重要的意义;学习艺术,研究艺术,研究艺术的技法等事,成了急务,公认为切要的口号;有时还好像文学绕了一个大圈子,又回到原先的处所了。’
‘所谓“同路人”的文学,是开拓了别一条路的。他们从文学走到生活去。他们从价值内在底的技巧出发。他们先将革命看作艺术底作品的题材,自说是对于一切倾向性的敌人,梦想着无关于倾向的作家的自由的共和国。然而这些“纯粹的”文学主义者们——而且他们大抵是青年——终于也不能不被拉进全线沸腾着的战争里去了。他们参加了战争。于是从革命底实生活到达了文学的无产阶级作家们,和从文学到达了革命底实生活的“同路人们”,就在最初的十年之终会面了。最初的十年的终末,组织了苏联作家的联盟。将在这联盟之下,互相提携,前进了。最初的十年的终末,由这样伟大的试练来作纪念,是毫不足怪的。’
由此可见在一九二七年顷,苏联的‘同路人’已因受了现实的熏陶,了解了革命,而革命者则由努力和教养,获得了文学。但仅仅这几年的洗练,其实是还不能消泯痕迹的。我们看起作品来,总觉得前者虽写革命或建设,时时总显出旁观的神情,而后者一落笔,就无一不自己就在里边,都是自己们的事。
可惜我所见的无产者作家的短篇小说很有限,这十篇之中,首先的两篇,还是‘同路人’的,后八篇中的两篇,也是由商借而来的别人所译,然而是极可信赖的译本,而伟大的作者,遗漏的还很多,好在大抵别有长篇,可供阅读,所以现在也不再等待,收罗了。
至于作者小传及译本所据的本子,也都写在‘后记’里,和‘竖琴’一样。
临末,我并且在此声谢那帮助我搜集传记材料的朋友。
一九三二年九月十八夜,鲁迅记。

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Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book