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Jingdong book

儒林外史

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Books Novels Chinese classical novels

Jingdong book

儒林外史

Name: 儒林外史
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3100275021
Price: 15.46 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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Content Description

《儒林外史》是一部以知识分子为主要描写对象的长篇小说，也是一部典型的讽刺小说。《儒林外史》描写了一些深受八股科举制度毒害的儒生形象，反映了当时世俗风气的败坏。以写实主义描绘各类人士对于“功名富贵”的不同表现，一方面真实的揭示人性被腐蚀的过程和原因，从而对当时吏治的腐败、科举的弊端礼教的虚伪等进行了深刻的批判和嘲讽；一方面热情地歌颂了少数人物以坚持自我的方式所作的对于人性的守护，从而寄寓了作者的理想。白话的运用已趋纯熟自如，人物性格的刻画也颇为深入细腻，尤其是采用高超的讽刺手法，使该书成为中国古典讽刺文学的佳作。

Author Description

吴敬梓（1701~1754年），清小说家，字敏轩，号粒民，晚号“文木老人”、秦淮寓客，安徽全椒人。雍正诸生。吴敬梓出身望族。曾祖父和祖父两代人共有六名进士，其中榜眼、探花各一名。而其父吴霖起是康熙年间的拔贡。吴敬梓1722年考取秀才，同年父亲病逝。由于不善于治理生计，他过着挥霍浪子生活。1729，他应科举时，被斥责为“文章大好人大怪”，遭到侮辱。后愤懑离开故土，靠卖文和朋友接济为生。至晚年，常处于饥寒交迫。

吴敬梓工诗词散文，有《文木山房集》、《文木山房诗说》等。

Comments

安徽的首位大文豪，不是方苞，不是刘大櫆，也不是姚鼐，是全椒的吴敬梓。

——胡适

迨吴敬梓《儒林外史》出，乃秉持公心，指摘时弊，机锋所向，尤在士林。其文又戚而能谐，婉而多讽，于是说部中乃始有足称讽刺之书。

——鲁迅

Catalogue

第一回说楔子敷陈大义借名流隐括全文

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Book Abstract

人生南北多歧路，将相神仙，也要凡人做。百代兴亡朝复暮，江风吹倒前朝树。功名富贵无凭据，费尽心情，总把流光误。浊酒三杯沉醉去，水流花谢知何处。

这一首词，也是个老生常谈。不过说人生富贵功名是身外之物，但世人一见了功名，便舍着性命去求他，及至到手之后，味同嚼蜡。自古及今，那一个是看得破的？

虽然如此说，元朝末年，也曾出了一个嵚崎磊落的人。这人姓王名冕，在诸暨县乡村里住。七岁上死了父亲，他母亲做些针指，供给他到村学堂里去读书。看看三个年头，王冕已是十岁了。母亲唤他到面前来，说道：“儿啊！不是我有心要耽误你，只因你父亲亡后，我一个寡妇人家，只有出去的，没有进来的。年岁不好，柴米又贵。这几件旧衣服和些旧家伙，当的当了，卖的卖了。只靠着我替人家做些针指生活寻来的钱，如何供得你读书？如今没奈何，把你雇在间壁人家放牛，每月可以得他几钱银子，你又有现成饭吃，只在明日就要去了。”王冕道：“娘说的是。我在学堂里坐着，心里也闷，不如往他家放牛，倒快活些。假如我要读书，依旧可以带几本去读。”当夜商议定了。第二日，母亲同他到间壁秦老家。秦老留着他母子两个吃了早饭，牵出一条水牛来交与王冕，指着门外道：“就在我这大门过去两箭之地，便是七泖湖，湖边一带绿草，各家的牛都在那里打睡。又有几十棵合抱的垂杨树，十分阴凉。牛要渴了，就在湖边上饮水。小哥，你只在这一带顽耍，不必远去，我老汉每日两餐小菜饭是不少的。每日早上，还折两个钱与你买点心吃。只是百事勤谨些，休嫌怠慢。”他母亲谢了扰要回家去，王冕送出门来。母亲替他理理衣服，口里说道：“你在此须要小心，休惹人说不是。早出晚归，免我悬望。”王冕应诺，母亲含着两眼眼泪去了。

王冕自此只在秦家放牛，每到黄昏，回家跟着母亲歇宿。或遇秦家煮些腌鱼、腊肉给他吃，他便拿块荷叶包了来家，递与母亲。每日点心钱，他也不买了吃，聚到一两个月，便偷个空，走到村学堂里，见那闯学堂的书客，就买几本旧书，日逐把牛栓了，坐在柳阴树下看。

弹指又过了三四年。王冕看书，心下也着实明白了。那日，正是黄梅时候，天气烦躁。王冕放牛倦了，在绿草地上坐着。须臾，浓云密布，一阵大雨过了。那黑云边上镶着白云，渐渐散去，透出一派日光来，照耀得满湖通红。湖边上山，青一块，紫一块，绿一块。树枝上都像水洗过一番的，尤其绿得可爱。湖里有十来枝荷花，苞子上清水滴滴，荷叶上水珠滚来滚去。王冕看了一回，心里想道：“古人说，‘人在画图中’，其实不错。可惜我这里没有一个画工，把这荷花画他几枝，也觉有趣。”又心里想道：“天下那有个学不会的事，我何不自画他几枝？”

……

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Jingdong book

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