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Jingdong book

基于知识的国家农业技术创新体系：宏观理论与微观实践

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Jingdong book

基于知识的国家农业技术创新体系：宏观理论与微观实践

Name: 基于知识的国家农业技术创新体系：宏观理论与微观实践
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110106761
Price: 27.02 USD
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财富增长的本质是知识的增长，但需要通过技术创新的中间转化环节才能得以有效实现，技术创新已成为社会经济发展的最强大驱动力，知识创造财富，技术创新农业。劳动与技术双重密集的知识农业是中国农业发展的基本路径选择，技术创新是知识农业的核心。
公共部门、私人部门、中间部门共同参与的“三元主体”的国家农业技术创新体系，既可突破传统的以政府技术供体为导向的一元行为主体的国家农业技术创新体系的局限，又可避免只将农业企业作为技术创新主体的片面观点，还可纠正理论与实践上均将农户视为农业技术的被动接受者和简单应用者的做法。
知识进化、生产转化、需求采购三大系统的“双环模型”是农业企业经营的基本模型，能将“市场驱动”与“驱动市场”有机结合。农业企业技术创新的实质是市场需求、知识技术与各种物质要素复合的“双螺旋”过程，市场需求是农业企业技术创新的重要决策变量。

Author Description

鲁柏祥，男，1964年5月生，浙江省杭州市人，浙江大学农业现代化与农村发展研究院，博士，有过多年担任涉农企业高级管理人员的实际工作经历。近年来主要从事国家农业技术创新体系建设的理论与实证研究，长期参与涉农企业技术创新实践活动并进行跟踪性研究，先后参与国家教育部、农业部相关课题和主持涉农企业技术创新体系建设研究多项课题。

Catalogue

1 导论
1.1 问题提出
1.1.1 科学技术是经济发展的第一要素
1.1.2 农业科技是现代农业增长的主因
1.1.3 知识农业是中国农业的必由之路
1.1.4 技术创新是中国知识农业的灵魂
1.1.5 现行国家农业技术创新体系局限
1.1.6 体系重构是农业技术创新的需要

1.2 研究对象、目的、意义
1.2.1 研究对象
1.2.2 研究目的
1.2.3 研究意义

1.3 研究思路与方法
1.3.1 研究思路
1.3.2 研究方法

1.4 研究路径与主要内容
1.4.1 研究路径
1.4.2 主要内容

1.5 主要创新与存在不足
1.5.1 主要创新
1.5.2 存在不足

1.6 相关概念界定
1.6.1 知识与知识经济
1.6.2 科学与技术
1.6.3 体系

2 国内外相关理论与文献综述
2.1 国外相关理论与文献
2.1.1 知识与学习理论
2.1.2 经济增长理论
2.1.3 熊彼特创新理论
2.1.4 技术创新理论
2.1.5 农业技术创新理论
2.1.6 国家创新系统理论

2.2 国内相关理论与文献
2.2.1 农业科研及其管理
2.2.2 农技推广及其管理
2.2.3 农村教育及其管理
2.2.4 技术创新及其体系
2.2.5 农业企业技术创新

2.3 本章小结
2.3.1 国外部分
2.3.2 国内部分
2.3.3 基本观点

3 国家农业技术创新体系建设的几个基本理论观点
3.1 财富增长的基本理论观点
3.1.1 财富探源
3.1.2 财富增长
3.1.3 利润生成
3.1.4 组织生命

3.2 农业经营的基本理论观点
3.2.1 不确定性
3.2.2 风险叠加性
3.2.3 系统集成性

3.3 农业技术的基本理论观点
3.3.1 农业技术的特性
3.3.2 农业技术的分类
3.3.3 农业技术的替代扩散
3.3.4 农业技术的供给主体

3.4 本章小结
3.4.1 知识、财富、利润与组织生命周期
3.4.2 农业经营特性与农业经营基本要求
3.4.3 农业技术的性质与创新主体的分工

4 国家农业技术创新体系的现状与问题
4.1 现状描述
4.1.1 总体框架
4.1.2 阶段划分
4.1.3 运行流程

4.2 农业科研及其管理
4.2.1 科研机构
4.2.2 资源配置
4.2.3 存在问题

4.3 农技推广及其管理
4.3.1 基本推广模式
4.3.2 基层推广组织
4.3.3 存在问题

4.4 农村教育及其管理
4.4.1 普通教育
4.4.2 成人教育
4.4.3 存在问题

4.5 本章小结
4.5.1 农业科研及其管理
4.5.2 农技推广及其管理
4.5.3 农村教育及其管理
4.5.4 基本观点

5 国家农业技术创新体系建设的国际经验
5.1 美国的国家农业技术创新体系
5.1.1 农业科研
5.1.2 农业推广

5.2 泰国的国家农业技术创新体系
5.2.1 农业科研
5.2.2 农业推广

5.3 本章小结
5.3.1 美国
5.3.2 泰国
5.3.3 基本观点

6 农业企业技术创新体系建设案例实证
6.1 以教育培训为重点的农业企业技术创新体系建设
6.1.1 教育培训系统构成
6.1.2 具体做法
6.1.3 主要特色

6.2 以研究开发为重点的农业企业技术创新体系建设
6.2.1 研究开发系统构成
6.2.2 具体做法
6.2.3 主要特色

6.3 以推广服务为重点的农业企业技术创新体系建设
6.3.1 推广服务系统构成
6.3.2 具体做法
6.3.3 主要特色

6.4 本章小结
6.4.1 研究开发
6.4.2 推广服务
6.4.3 教育培训
6.4.4 其他方面

7 基于知识的国家农业技术创新体系构建
7.1 目的意义
7.1.1 目的
7.1.2 意义

7.2 功能定位
7.2.1 推动农业发展的高度化
7.2.2 形成国家农业竞争优势
7.2.3 促进区域农业跨越发展
……
附录
参考文献
致谢

Book Abstract

1 导论
人类社会发展的事实无可争辩地告诉我们：自然资源的拥有量只是表明财富的潜在有用性，自然资源的丰歉并不能直接代表这个国家或地区的富有或贫穷；人类的一切财富都是人们将知识按照需要并通过劳动而物化的结果，知识增量决定财富增量。进入20世纪70年代，美国脑力劳动者在就业结构中的比重就达到49％（隋映辉，2002）。日本、韩国的崛起，以色列、荷兰的农业发展都是明证；中国改革开放30年来，在人口大增的同时实现了经济的飞速发展、社会财富的极大丰富和人们生活水平的不断提高，世人有目共睹。知识改变命运，创新成就未来。
“从国家角度看，技术在国民经济发展与国家竞争力的提升方面扮演着决定性的角色，各种生产要素比较优势的背后是因为有技术的存在”（Porter，1990）。自然资源十分有限的中国农业也必将走上知识农业发展之路。
但是，随着中国社会的迅猛发展和经济体制的快速转型，建成于计划经济年代的国家农业技术创新体系的局限性正日益显现。应该建立一个什么样的国家农业技术创新体系？这个体系应由哪些要素构成？这些要素的运行机制、相互关系又该如何？体系运行需要什么样的外部条件相支撑……这一系列问题，需要及时做出回答。

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