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Jingdong book

徽商研究

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Books Economy China Economy

Jingdong book

徽商研究

Name: 徽商研究
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110112151
Price: 50.77 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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徽州既以“东南邹鲁”驰誉遐迩，又以“商贾之乡”闻名海内。生于斯、长于斯的徽商或是“先儒后贾”，或是“先贾后儒”，或是“亦贾亦懦”，从而形成了“贾而好儒”的重要特色。徽商之所以能够在艰苦曲折的道路上不断发展壮大，乃至成为称雄商界的劲旅，是与这一重要特色分不开的。徽商之所以在经营中重视商业道德，讲求经营之道，也无不是这一特色的体现。“贾为厚利，儒为名高”。徽商虽孜孜追逐“厚利”，但他们更念念不忘“名高”。在儒贾观上，与其说徽商“右贾”而“左儒”，毋宁说他们“右贾”更“右儒”。

Catalogue

前言
第一章徽州商帮的形成与发展
一、徽商的形成
二、徽商发展的几个阶段

第二章徽商的资本积累
一、徽州商人的小本起家
二、商品贩运与徽商的商业利润
三、商品囤积与徽商的商业利润
四、垄断贸易与徽商的商业利润
五、徽商资本的组合形式

第三章徽商在长江流域的经营活动
一、徽商在上海
二、徽商在苏州
三、徽商在芜湖
四、徽商在武汉
五、徽商与吴楚贸易

第四章徽商与两淮盐业
一、徽商进入两淮的几个阶段
二、徽商在两淮盐业经营中的优势
三、从扬州到徽州的繁荣
四、两淮盐商的衰落和徽商门楣的光大

第五章徽商在茶、木、粮、典和棉布业中的经营活动
一、徽商与茶叶贸易
二、徽商与木材贸易
三、徽商与粮食贸易
四、徽州典商述略
五、徽商与江南棉织业

第六章徽商与封建势力
一、徽商与封建政治势力的关系
二、明代嘉靖年问徽商的抗倭斗争
三、清代徽州盐商经营的曲折道路

第七章徽商的“儒贾观”和商业道德
一、徽商“贾而好儒”的特色
二、“左儒右贾”辨
三、徽商的经营之道

第八章徽商资本的出路
一、徽商利润的封建化及其社会条件
二、评“江南大贾不置田土”说
三、徽商的奢侈性消费及其心理探析

第九章徽商与徽州文化
一、徽商与徽州教育
二、徽商与新安画派
三、徽商与徽州建筑、徽派园林
四、徽商与新安医学
五、徽商与徽州刻书业

第十章徽商个案研究
一、徽州文书所见明清徽商的经营方式
二、对几份徽商析箸阄书的研究
三、歙县芳坑江氏茶商考略

第十一章徽商的衰落
一、咸、同兵燹与徽州商帮的衰落
二、徽州商帮衰落的几个阶段

Book Abstract

（三）“徽”、“商”（或“徽”、“贾”）二字已经相连成词，成为表达一个特定概念的名词而被时人广泛应用。明中叶以来，“徽商”、“徽贾”等词已屡见于记载。从许多例句中可以看出，当时人们使用“徽商”一词时，徽商单个人的特征并不重要，重要的是他们的共同特征；而徽商的共同特征又与其他商人不同，他们是一群特殊类型的商人。就是说“徽商”既是从许多单个人的徽州商人特性中抽象出来的普遍概念，又是从“商人”这个属概念中划分出来的种概念。尽管在当时“徽商”一词还没有被当作表达单独概念的专有名词使用，但由于徽商有其共同利害，共同特征，他们又往往结伙经商，共同行动，所以人们在实际生活中早已把徽商视为一个群体了。万历《嘉定县志》载：南翔镇“往多徽商侨寓，百货填集，甲于他镇，比为无赖吞食，稍稍徙避，而镇遂衰落”，在这里，徽商的去留是采取统一行动的；南翔镇的无赖们则专门“蚕食”徽商，而不殃及其他商人，对于徽商则统统加以“蚕食”，而不区别对待；《嘉定县志》的作者则把南翔镇盛衰的原因归结为徽商的聚散。他们都是把徽商作为一个群体对待的。从这个意义上说，“徽商”一词的出现乃是徽州商人群体的形成在人们观念上的反映。值得注意的是早在成化年间，“徽商”一词就已在松江一带流行了。《云间杂识》载：“成化末，有显宦满载归，一老人踵门拜不已。官骇问故。对日：‘松民之财，多被徽商搬去，今赖君返之，敢不称谢。’”松江是徽商早年最活跃的地方，徽商一词首先在这里流行是合乎情理的。
（四）作为徽商骨干力量的徽州盐商已在两淮盐业中取得优势地位。明初行开中法，那时徽人虽有赴边纳粮、办引行盐者，但毕竟受到地理条件的限制，竞争不过山、陕商人。及至成化末弘治初，开中折色法逐渐推行，使盐商得免赴边纳粮之苦，从而为徽商经营盐业提供了便利条件。所以开中折色法推行之初，徽人便乘地利之便，大批涌向扬州，把持盐利。这时山陕商人虽也纷纷南下与徽人争利，但他们远离故土，力不从心，其势力也不得不屈居徽人之下了。

Introduction

近年来，徽商研究越来越受到国内外学者的关注。在学界同人的共同努力下，新的研究成果不断涌现，研究的内容不断深入，研究的方法不断更新，不同观点的交锋也日趋活跃，引入注目。徽商研究热潮的兴起不是偶然的。自明朝中叶至清末、民初的数百年间，徽商一直是活跃于全国商界的一支劲旅。徽商的活动对于当时社会的政治、经济和文化无不产生或多或少的影响，而徽商活动的方式及其势力的消长又无不受到当时社会条件多方面的制约，因而透过徽商兴衰演变之迹可以从一个侧面窥探当时整个社会的全貌。因此，无论是研究明清史的学者还是研究徽州学的学者都不能不关心徽商的研究。尤其是随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展，学术界过去那种重视研究生产而较少研究交换的倾向，已与现实的需要不相适应。为了更好地认识国情，寻求历史的借鉴，人们对我国商业发展的历史自然特别注意。在这种形势下，徽商研究就显得更加重要了。我们相信，在改革不断深入的大好形势下，随着史学研究的发展，徽商研究的热潮必将更加高涨。
我们安徽师范大学历史系的几位同好，深感徽商研究的重要，于80年代初即成立了明清史研究室（现改称徽商研究中心），发挥集体的力量开展徽商研究工作。

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