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冠状动脉搭桥术知识问答

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冠状动脉搭桥术知识问答

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《冠状动脉搭桥术知识问答》简要介绍了冠心病的病因、分类、临床表现、辅助检查和冠状动脉造影术;详细介绍了冠状动脉搭桥术的适应证、禁忌证、术前准备、术后护理、注意事项,以及冠状动脉搭桥术的操作过程和术后的养护调理方法等。
《冠状动脉搭桥术知识问答》内容全面,资料丰富,图文并茂,实用性强,可供冠心病患者和家属阅读参考。
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一、基础知识
1.什么是冠状动脉
2.冠状动脉的分布分为几型
3.冠状动脉如何分支
4.冠状动脉与心脏有何关系
5.心脏血液循环有何特点
6.冠状动脉有何功能
7.什么是冠状动脉循环
8.什么是冠状动脉的侧支循环
9.影响侧支循环形成的因素有哪些
10.影响冠状动脉功能的因素有哪些
11.什么是冠心病
12.冠心病的病因是什么
13.冠心病分为哪几类
14.冠心病有哪些临床症状
15.冠心病需做哪些心电检查
16.何谓冠状动脉造影术
17.冠状动脉造影术的指征是什么
18.冠状动脉造影术适应证有哪些
19.冠状动脉造影术禁忌证有哪些
20.冠状动脉造影术前应做哪些检查和准备
21.冠状动脉造影术操作方法有哪些
22.造影术如何判断冠状动脉病变
23.冠状动脉病变形态学特点是什么
24.冠状动脉造影术注意事项和护理内容有哪些
25.冠状动脉造影术后监护内容有哪些
26.冠状动脉造影术的并发症有哪些,如何防治
27.造影剂有哪些
28.冠状动脉造影术的临床意义是什么
29.如何应用超声技术辅助诊断冠心病
30.血管内超声在冠心病诊疗中的作用有哪些
31.血管内超声在冠状动脉搭桥治疗中的临床意义有哪些
32.药物支架失败的原因有哪些
33.冠心病有哪些心肌酶学检测
34.冠心病有何特点
35.如何自测冠心病
36.冠心病有哪些并发症
37.治疗冠心病的方法有哪些
38.如何预防冠心病的发生
39.冠心病患者有哪些注意事项

二、冠状动脉搭桥术
1.什么是冠状动脉搭桥术
2.什么是微创冠状动脉搭桥手术
3.冠状动脉搭桥手术是怎样完成的
4.冠状动脉搭桥手术的种类有哪些
5.对搭桥术的“桥”如何选择
6.采用何种“桥”疗效好
7.冠状动脉搭桥术患者能用同种异体血管移植物做“桥”吗
8.冠状动脉搭桥术的适应证有哪些
9.冠状动脉搭桥术的禁忌证和危险因素有哪些
10.做冠状动脉搭桥手术需多长时间,患者需住院多少天
11.冠状动脉搭桥术前患者有哪些注意事项
12.冠状动脉搭桥手术前应做哪些准备
13.冠状动脉搭桥手术方法有哪些
14.冠状动脉搭桥术后患者有哪些注意事项
15.冠状动脉搭桥术后如何护“桥”
16.冠状动脉搭桥术后护理内容有哪些
17.冠状动脉搭桥术后患者需要知道及注意哪些问题
18.冠状动脉搭桥手术有何并发症
19.冠状动脉搭桥手术有何优势
20.如何考虑冠状动脉搭桥手术的风险
21.选用冠状动脉搭桥术而不选用支架置入术的标准是什么
22.什么是停搏与不停搏冠状动脉搭桥术
23.冠状动脉搭桥手术后的危险因素有哪些
24.老年急性心肌梗死患者能做搭桥手术吗
25.冠状动脉100%堵塞的能否搭桥
26.糖尿病患者能做冠状动脉搭桥手术吗
27.糖尿病患者冠状动脉搭桥术后如何护理
28.搭桥术后第一次运动为什么要格外小心
29.冠状动脉搭桥手术后患者需要服用哪些药物
30.冠状动脉搭桥术后为何腿部或者左前臂有伤口
31.冠状动脉搭桥术后胸口痛、肩痛是什么原因
32.冠状动脉搭桥的患者为什么手术后会出现小腿水肿
33.冠状动脉搭桥术后为什么医生每次查房都要触足背动脉
34.冠状动脉搭桥术后应如何安排饮食起居
35.冠状动脉搭桥术后生活调理内容有哪些
36.冠状动脉搭桥术后的保健要点是什么
37.冠状动脉搭桥术和支架置入术有何不同
38.冠状动脉搭桥术和支架置入术哪种手术效果好
39.冠状动脉搭桥手术成功率如何
40.冠状动脉搭桥术成功率与哪些因素有关
41.冠状动脉搭桥手术时机如何选择
42.冠状动脉搭桥术疗效如何
43.冠状动脉搭桥手术有哪些误区
44.冠心病患者不能做支架术和搭桥术时怎么办
45.冠状动脉搭桥术后再次狭窄怎么办
46.什么情况下可行冠状动脉再次搭桥
47.中医学对冠状动脉搭桥术患者围术期是如何认识的
48.治疗心血管疾病的经验方有哪些
49.冠状动脉搭桥术发展前景如何

三、冠状动脉搭桥术后的养护与调理
1.冠状动脉搭桥术患者须知事项有哪些
2.冠状动脉搭桥术后能“一劳永逸”吗
3.冠状动脉搭桥术后能管多少年
4.冠状动脉搭桥手术后如何保养
5.冠心病搭桥术后可能出现哪些症状
6.冠状动脉搭桥术后为什么还需要复查
7.冠状动脉搭桥术患者有何心理障碍
8.如何开展冠状动脉搭桥术围术期的心理护理
9.对冠状动脉搭桥术患者如何进行健康教育
10.冠状动脉搭桥术后如何进行调养
11.为什么说冠状动脉搭桥重养在其后
12.糖尿病患者冠状动脉搭桥术后如何保养
13.高血压患者冠状动脉搭桥术后如何保养
14.冠状动脉搭桥术患者出院后应注意什么
15.冠状动脉搭桥术患者出院后为什么要进行适度运动
16.冠心状动脉支架及搭桥术治疗出院后如何进行康复保健
17.搭桥术后除必须长期服用的血小板解聚药、抗凝药外,还服用其他药物吗
18.冠状动脉搭桥术后应该如何控制饮食
19.冠状动脉搭桥术后患者如何加强心理的自我调整
20.冠状动脉搭桥术后为什么要控制“三高”
21.冠心病患者搭桥术后为什么不能暴饮暴食
22.冠状动脉搭桥术后患者选择哪种睡觉姿势好
23.心律失常、房颤多年能做搭桥术治疗吗
24.冠状动脉搭桥术后又出现心肌缺血怎么办
25.冠状动脉搭桥术后遇到特殊情况时应该怎么办
26.冠状动脉搭桥术后患者何时可以工作
27.冠心病做搭桥术后复发时能做支架置入术吗
28.冠状动脉搭桥术患者出院后自己如何判断有再狭窄
29.冠状动脉搭桥术后心电图是否可以恢复正常
30.冠状动脉搭桥术后还能安装心脏起搏器吗
31.冠状动脉搭桥术后能过性生活吗
32.冠状动脉搭桥术后女性患者能生育吗
33.心力衰竭患者能做冠状动脉搭桥吗
34.冠状动脉搭桥后续治疗和养护有哪些
35.冠状动脉搭桥术后的食疗方有哪些
36.冠心病患者高寿的日常秘籍有哪些
37.什么是冠心病的一级预防
38.什么是冠心病的二级预防
39.什么是冠心病的三级预防

附录 冠心病临床检查项目
附表1 尿液常规检查
附表2 血液常规检查
附表3 血液生化系列检查
附表4 血脂检查
附表5 血流变检查
附表6 心肌酶谱检查
Book Abstract

1.什么是冠状动脉
心脏的形状如一倒置的、前后略扁的圆锥体,如将其视为头部,则位于头顶部、几乎环绕心脏一圈的动脉血管叫做冠状动脉,恰似一顶王冠,这就是其名称的由来(图1)。冠状动脉起始于主动脉根部,分左右两支,行于心脏表面。2.冠状动脉的分布分为几型冠状动脉是供给心脏血液的动脉,临床将冠状动脉的分布分为右优势型、均衡型、左优势型。
(1)右优势型:右冠状动脉在膈面除发出后降支外,并有分支分布于左室膈面的部分或全部。
(2)均衡型:两侧心室的膈面分别由本侧的冠状动脉供血,它们的分布区域不越过房室交点和后室间沟,后降支为左或右冠状动脉末梢,或同时来自两侧冠状动脉。
(3)左优势型:左冠状动脉除发出后降支外,还发出分支供应右室膈面的一部分。
据我国对成年人调查显示,冠状动脉右优势型者约占65%,均衡型者约占29%,左优势型者约占6%。
上述分型方法主要依据冠状动脉的解剖学分布,但左心室的厚度在绝大多数心脏中大大超过右心室,所以从血液供应量来说,左冠状动脉永远是优势动脉。
3.冠状动脉如何分支
冠状动脉一般分左、右两支,是升主动脉的第一对分支,分别开口于主动脉的左、右冠状动脉窦,但常有一支或数支直接起自主动脉右冠状动脉窦的小动脉,1907年西莫斯(Symmers)命名为副冠状动脉。欧洲及美洲国家报道出现率为4%~519/6不等,平均36%。我国报道在14%~60%,平均42%,与日本的出现率相近。副冠状动脉是心脏本身四个重要侧支循环路径之一,在临床上具有重要的意义。
(1)左冠状动脉:左冠状动脉内径3~4毫米,为一短干,发自左主动脉窦,经肺动脉起始部和左心耳之间,沿冠状沟向左前方行3~5毫米后,立即分为前室间支和旋支。前室间支沿前室间沟下行,绕过心尖切迹至心的膈面与右冠状动脉的后室间支相吻合。主干长度一般为0.5~1厘米,多在左房室沟处分为前降支和回旋支,两分支之间常形成约90。角。前降支为主干的延续,在分叉处或前降支起点分出室间隔支,以反S形沿前纵沟绕过心尖至后纵沟的下1/3,主要供应左右心室前壁、室间隔、心尖等处的血液。回旋支沿左房室沟至后纵沟,向左达膈面,长短不一,分布区域常与右冠状动脉互相弥补,在左心室分出数支。左冠状动脉沿途发出以下分支。
①动脉圆锥支。分布至动脉圆锥。
②外侧支。分布于左室前壁大部及前室间沟附近的右室前壁。
③室间隔支。分布于室间隔前2/3。旋支沿冠状沟左行,绕过心钝缘时发出粗大的左缘支分布于左心室外侧缘;至心后面时发出较小的分支分布至左心房与左心室。
(2)右冠状动脉:右冠状动脉起自右主动脉窦,内径约2毫米,经肺动脉根部及右心耳之间。右冠状动脉沿右冠状沟至心脏膈面上的后纵沟,主要在右房室沟内,成为后降支,在右心边缘分出右边缘支,供应右心室前后面血液,后降支则供应邻近左、右心室和室间隔的血液。房室结动脉大多来自右冠状动脉,是在心脏膈面房室交界区以垂直方向发出的一支动脉,但如左冠状动脉跨过或接近该交界区时,亦可来自左冠状动脉。窦房结动脉是一条较细长的分支,大多来自右冠状动脉,但亦可来自左冠状动脉的回旋支。右冠状动脉沿途发出以下分支。
……
Introduction

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称“冠心病,,),其发病率呈逐年增高的趋势,严重地影响了人们的身体健康,且死亡率位于十大疾病之首。世界卫生组织在《1997年世界卫生报告》中指出:1996年造成死亡人数最多的十大疾病排列名次是冠心病730万人,癌症630万人,脑血管病460万人,急性呼吸道感染390万人,结核病300万人,慢性肺障碍性疾病290万人,腹泻(包括痢疾)250万人,疟疾210万人,艾滋病150万人,乙型肝炎120万人。因此,应提高人们对心血管疾病的防治意识,从自己做起,爱护心脏,保护心脏,益寿延年。
冠心病通常表现为心绞痛、心律失常;严重时可发生心肌梗死、心力衰竭,甚至猝死。治疗冠心病的方法有药物治疗,介入治疗和外科治疗,冠状动脉搭桥就是其中行之有效的一种治疗方法。冠状动脉搭桥是取患者自身的一段正常血管,吻合在升主动脉和冠状动脉狭窄病变的远端,使主动脉的血液通过移植的血管桥顺利到达冠状动脉狭窄的远端,恢复心肌的正常供血,达到解除心绞痛,改善生活质量,防止严重并发症的目的。冠状动脉搭桥虽然是一个大的心脏手术,但其成功率已达到99%以上。该手术最近几年在我国有了较大的发展,手术人数逐年上升,手术质量达到甚至超过国际水平。为了让广大冠心病患者和家属能够全面的了解这个手术的情况,我们组织心血管专科医师编写了《冠状动脉搭桥术知识问答》一书。
书中简要介绍了冠心病的病因、分类、临床表现、辅助检查和冠状动脉造影术;详细介绍了冠状动脉搭桥术的适应证、禁忌证、术前准备、术后护理、注意事项,以及冠状动脉搭桥术的操作过程和术后的养护调理方法等。本书内容全面,资料丰富,图文并茂,实用性强,可供冠心病患者和家属阅读参考。
本书在编写过程中,参考了一些学者的有关著作,在此向他们表示感谢。因作者水平有限,不当之处敬请读者批评指正。
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Yami is committed to provide our customers with a peace of mind when purchasing from us. Most items shipped from Yamibuy.com can be returned within 30 days of receipt of shipment (For Food, Beverages, Snacks, Dry Goods, Health supplements, Fresh Grocery and Perishables Goods, within 7 days of receipt of shipment due to damages or quality issues; To ensure that every customer receives safe and high-quality products, we do not provide refunds or returns for beauty products once they have been opened or used, except in the case of quality issues; Some products may have different policies or requirements associated with them, please see below for products under special categories, or contact Yami Customer Service for further assistance).
Thank you for your understanding and support.

Learn More

Sold by Yami

Terms and Conditions of Yami E-Gift Card

If you choose “Redeem automatically” as your delivery method, your gift card balance will be reload automatically after your order has been processed successfully;

If you choose “Send to Email”as your delivery method, the card number and CVV will be sent to the email address automatically;

Any user can use the card number and CVV to redeem the gift card, please keep your gift card information safely. If you have any trouble receiving email, please contact Yami customer service;

Yami gift card can be used to purchase both Yami owned or Marketplace products;

Yami gift card will never expire;

Yami gift card balance does not have to be used up at once;

All rights reserved by Yami.

Return Policy

Gift card that has already been consumed is non-refundable.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Yami

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Jingdong book

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Jingdong book