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Jingdong book

中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解

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Jingdong book

中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解

Name: 中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3117129641
Price: 168.96 USD
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神经系统疾病定位诊断，是神经科医师必须具备的且须熟练掌握的一项基本功。掌握它，必须具备牢固的神经解剖和生理学知识，以及丰富的临床症状诊断经验，二者缺一不可。《中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解》为满足上述两个必需条件，系统地介绍了中枢神经系统解剖学，并在此基础上详细介绍了中枢神经系统定位诊断学。为了使解剖与定位更好地结合，使“难以理解、难于记忆”的神经定位诊断难题迎刃而解，以图形相佐、形象化直观地学习是最佳途径。为此，《中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解》以图解的形式，将中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断展现给读者。
《中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解》共分九章，配有插图700余幅。重点介绍了脊髓、脑干、间脑、小脑、大脑的解剖生理及定位诊断，以及脑和脊髓的主要传导束、脑和脊髓的被膜、脑屏障及脑室系统和脑脊液，详尽阐述了脑血管的解剖学及其病变时的临床症状：力争为广大读者提供中枢神经系统疾病最经典的临床分型、定位诊断及最新的研究进展。书末附有脑各部血液供应提纲，以期方便读者查阅及临床参考。

Catalogue

绪论
第一章脊髓的解剖生理及定位诊断
第二章脑干的解剖生理及定位诊断
第三章间脑的解剖生理及定位诊断
第四章小脑的解剖生理及定位诊断
第五章大脑的解剖生理及定位诊断
第六章脑和脊髓的主要传导束
第七章脑和脊髓的被膜及脑屏障
第八章脑室系统和脑脊液
第九章脑血管的解剖学及其病变时的临床症状
附录脑各部血液供应提纲
参考文献
索引

Book Abstract

神经系统是由位于颅腔内的脑和位于椎管中的脊髓以及由它们发出的遍布全身各处的脑神经和脊神经组成的。脑和脊髓统称为中枢神经系统，而它们发出的神经则称为周围神经系统。神经系统在形态和功能上都是完整的不可分割的整体。鉴于本文的需要，本章主要叙述与神经系统疾病定位诊断密切相关的中枢神经系统的解剖生理及定位诊断问题。
脑和脊髓两者之间并无明显的界限，人们通常在乎齐枕骨大孔处，以锥体交叉的最下端或第一颈神经根的最上根丝部作为两者的分界。研究中枢神经系统的解剖生理及定位诊断，最好从脊髓开始，因为脊髓的结构比较简单，仍保持着原始中枢系的管状，这种形式虽然在脑部还可以认出，但都已经大大地改变了．
神经系统主要由神经组织组成，神经组织包括神经元即神经细胞和神经胶质细胞。它们都是具有突起的细胞。神经元是高度分化的细胞，它具有感应刺激和传导神经兴奋的功能，它既是神经系统的基本构造单位，又是神经系统的基本功能单位。神经细胞虽然在形态、结构、大小等方面有所不同，但它们却有许多共同的特点，即它们都可以分为胞体和突起两个部分，细胞质内含有丰富的尼氏小体和神经原纤维，胞突有长有短，有粗有细，一般说来，短而粗的可以把冲动向胞体传导的突起叫树突，可有一至多根；长而细的可以把冲动传向其他部位的突起叫轴突，每个细胞通常只有一根。神经细胞是神经系统的主要成分。神经胶质细胞体积一般小于神经细胞，它不能感受刺激，也不能传导冲动。传统的神经解剖学，由于研究方法的限制，不能将神经胶质细胞的形态、功能进行详细而准确的区分和研究，认为神经胶质细胞是神经组织的辅助成分，夹杂在神经元之间，数量远多于神经元，对神经元起着支持、保护、分隔、绝缘和物质运输、血脑屏障、营养等作用。然而近年来，随着免疫组化、细胞营养、电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜等先进技术的应用，对神经胶质包括星形胶质细胞的形态特征和功能活动有了更深入的了解。星形细胞：①在正常神经活动中参与神经递质的代谢；维持离子平衡；合成神经活性物质；调节神经递质的释放。②在脑的发育、再生和移植中有促进作用。③在神经病理学中与癫痫、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、免疫应答、神经精神紊乱均有关系。少突胶质细胞的功能是形成中枢神经系统的髓鞘，有抑制神经元突起生长的作用。小胶质细胞可以分泌和释放生长因子，维持神经元的存活，促进其生长分化。在神经系统炎症时，有吞噬能力，消化和降解微生物、死亡的细胞及其他碎片，促进组织修复。
在中枢神经的切面上，可见有的地方呈灰色，是神经元胞体和树突的聚集处，因其含丰富的血管，在光线照射下呈灰色，叫灰质；有的地方呈白色，是神经纤维的聚集处，因含有髓磷脂，在光线照射下呈白色，故称白质；还有的地方灰质与白质相间，称为网状结构。在周围神经处，神经元胞体聚集的地方称为神经节。
……

Introduction

目前，人类文明仍然面临诸多的挑战，其中困扰和影响人们生活质量的因素就是疾病，尤其是中枢神经系统疾病，它以解剖学特点复杂、抽象、难以理解著称。这版《中枢神经系统疾病定位诊断图解》是写给工作在一线的临床医师们的，他们不但要时刻关注患者的神经疾病过程，同时更要面临着“神经病变解剖部位是在何处”、“神经传导束如何走行”等诸多问题。为此，本书详尽介绍了中枢神经系统解剖学，并在此基础上详述了中枢神经系统定位诊断学，同时佐以大量神经系统定位及分级的图片，使之简易、形象、易懂。我们希望本书对临床医师探索中枢神经系统疾病的诊断能够有所帮助，并以最小的花费取得最大的准确性。
本书对中枢神经系统解剖结构及其功能做了细致人微的描述，涵盖了中枢神经系统疾病定位的一般原则，提供了大量的神经系统症状、体征及临床综合征，并阐述了其病变的功能机制，将病变解剖与临床综合征紧密联系，为中枢神经系统疾病的临床解剖定位提供了清晰的路线图，书中配有百余幅解剖插图，以及生动的病变表现图，简明清晰，易于理解。
全书分为九章，重点介绍了脊髓、脑干、间脑、小脑、大脑的解剖生理及定位诊断，以及脑和脊髓的主要传导束、脑和脊髓的被膜、脑屏障及脑室系统和脑脊液，最后详尽阐述了脑血管的解剖学及其病变时的临床症状，力争为广大读者提供中枢神经系统疾病最经典的临床分型及最新近的研究进展，本书附录为脑各部血液供应提纲，以期方便读者查阅及临床参考。
本书重点培养临床医师的临床思维模式、独立思考及定位定性诊断分析的能力，对于年轻医师构建中枢神经系统整体解剖构架，非常有参考价值，本书力求文字精练、简明扼要、图文并茂，便于读者掌握。
由于目前对中枢神经系统解剖的定位和认识仍存在诸多盲区，本书写作过程中虽然经专家们反复讨论思量，某些内容仍感难以拿捏，只能尽力而为，期待广大读者不惜赐教，客观斧正，以便完善。
参与本书编写的各位编者均为在临床第一线工作的老师，他们既有丰富的临床实践经验，又是临床教学的专业骨干，在本书的编写过程中，各位编者付出了大量的辛勤劳动，在此深表感谢，同时要感谢人民卫生出版社在成书过程中给予的鼓励、指导与帮助，对图文层层把关，谨此一并致谢。
王丽华
2014年1月

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