MBA精选教材·英文影印版：管理信息系统（第9版）

合乎逻辑的结构：根据主题安排各个章节和段落。每章以学习目标和导论开始，以关键术语、关键概念、疑问、讨论主题、问题和案例结束。概念和讨论主题集中于每章的关键点。疑问和问题测试所学知识，为学生创造性地运用这些资料提供可能。透彻的解释：完整阐述所介绍的每一个主题，使学生可以理解并将其运用于其他概念。坚实的理论基础：基于管理信息系统的现代理论和实践，全书从头到尾都可以发现现代学术和专业期刊的参考资料来源。畅销性：《管理信息系统》(第9版)作者Raymond McLeod，Jr．具有丰富的管理信息系统知识，他的该类教材被世界各地包括美国哈佛大学在内的学生广泛使用，与其他同类书相比，他的书是最受欢迎的。 适用性：《管理信息系统》(第9版)可作为研究生和高年级本科生的管理信息系统课程教材，还可作为各企业、公司管理人员的培训教材和参考书。

《管理信息系统》(第9版)是《MBA核心课程精选教材》（英文影印版）系列之一，《MBA核心课程精选教材》（英文影印版）集合了美国经济学界和管理学界各个学科领域专家的权威巨著，经过北京大学光华管理学院及其他著名高校知名学者的精心选编，包括了大量精深的理论指导和丰富的教学案例，真正称得上是一套优中选精的MBA教材。全套丛书基本覆盖了北京大学MBA的主修课程。包括：管理学、营销学、战略管理、管理信息系统、运作管理、人力资源管理、商务沟通、国际金融、金融管理、决策分析、货币银行学、会计学等。另外，在十几门主课的基础上又增加了几门高级选修课程。

麦克劳德，Raymond Mcleod，Jr．奥斯汀得克萨斯大学副教授，他曾在CaliforniaManagement Review，MIS Quarterly，Journal ofManagementInformation System，Decision Sciences等刊物上发表论文。

第一部分 核心概念
第一章 信息系统导论
第二章 竞争优势的信息系统
第三章 运用信息技术开展电子商务
第四章 系统使用者和开发者
第二部分 信息资源
第五章 计算和通讯资源
第六章 数据库管理系统
第七章 系统开发
第八章 运用中的信息
第三部分 管理信息和技术
第九章 信息安全
第十章 信息技术的伦理含义
第十一章 决策支持系统
第四部分 项目
项目1 技术强化的演示
项目2 运用Word的Web／HTML项目
项目3 运用Notepad的Web／HTML项目
项目4 Web／HTML客户满意度表格
项目5 web／HTML计算机购买表格
项目6 Spreadsheet基础
项目7 具有数据捕获功能的Spreadsheet——小型货车例子
项目8 具有数据捕获功能的Spreadsheet——大学计算例子
项目9 数据库表格和报告
项目10 数据库查询——Textbook数据库
项目11 数据库查询——Classproject数据库
项目12 基于查询的报告
词汇表
参考文献
索引

HISTORY OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS A review of the history of information systems includes a look back at the hardware and how it has been applied. In the half century since the first general-purpose digital computer was installed in a business organization, the hardware has experienced many-fold increases in speed and capacity along with dramatic reductions in size. Concurrently, the computer applications have evolved from relatively straightforward accounting processes to systems designed to support managers and other problem solvers. THE EVOLUTION IN COMPUTER HARDWARE Electronic computers as we know them today can be traced to a machine called the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC), which was developed in 1946 by John W.Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. At the time, they were working as engineers at the University of Pennsylvania. ENIAC was the predecessor of the Remington Rand UNIVAC I, which was the first widely marketed universal automatic computer. The first UNIVAC I was installed in a government organization, the U.S. Census Bureau,in 1951. Three years later, the same type of machine was installed in the first business organization, General Electric. Figure 1.1 is a photograph of a UNIVAC. These machines performed fewer than 2,000 calculations per second——-extremely slow compared to the 2 billion or more instructions per second that are common for todays smallest and least expensive microcomputers. These early computers focused on a single task requested by a single user, and were called mainframes. The term mainframe is still in use today, but now is used to describe the large, centrally located computers typically found in large organizations. Although IBM was not the first computer manufacturer, it was not long before it became the industry leader. By the end of the 1950s, it had amassed a full product line and in the mid1960s it revolutionized the computer industry by introducing the IBM System/360 line of computers. These computers were the first that could concurrently perform multiple tasks from multiple users. Although a computer processor actually performs only one task at a time,the term multitasking refers to the fact that more than one user appears to be working on the computer at the same time. This appearance is made possible by the fact that the computer processes pieces of each users application, and some of the pieces may be interspersed with one or more other applications. Before the System/360, one user started, processed, and completed an entire application before another user could access any of the computer resources.Systems such as the System/360 were very expensive by todays standards and could only be afforded by large organizations. Smaller Computers During these early years, in most finns the computer departments monopolized computer use. Users were not allowed to access the computers, which were housed in the central computing facility. The users had to communicate their information needs to information specialists——employees who have a full-time responsibility for developing and operating information systems. Examples of information specialists are systems analysts, programmers, database administrators, network specialists, and webmasters. As the computer became more popular, it became more difficult for the information specialists to keep up with demand, and backlogs of jobs awaiting computer processing became commonplace. Users became impatient and began wanting access to computer-based data without having to go through the information specialists. Some computer manufacturers recognized this need to make computer resources available to users and responded by manufacturing and marketing computers considerably smaller and less expensive than the mainframes. The first small-scale systems were called minicomputers. A minicomputer, or mini,was a smaller and less powerful computer than the larger mainframe, with an ability to handle the processing of small organizations at a more affordable cost. The mini enjoyed immediate success, especially for scientific rather than business applications. Business firms were hesitant to use them to process their data, and a main reason for this was the fact that IBM had not entered the minicomputer market. During this time, an even smaller computer was being developed and marketed. It was called the microcomputer, or micro, because it was even smaller than the mini. Whereas the mini had been intended for small organizations, the micro was seen as a computer that could be owned and operated by an individual. Apple pioneered this market, as did the Tandy Corporation.Nonetheless, the fact that IBM had not brought out a micro dampened sales. Things changed in 1982, when IBM introduced its microcomputer, called the Personal Computer, or PC.

自2001年12月加入世界贸易组织以来，中国进一步加强了与世界各国的政治、经济、文化各方面的交流与合作，这一切都注定中国将在未来世界经济发展中书写重要的一笔。
然而，中国经济的发展正面临着前所未有的人才考验，在许多领域都面临着人才匮乏的问题，特别是了解国际贸易规则、能够适应国际竞争需要的国际管理人才，更是中国在未来国际竞争中取胜的决定性因素。因此，制定和实施人才战略，培养大批优秀人才，是我们在新一轮国际竞争中赢得主动的关键。
工商管理硕士(MBA)1910年首创于美国哈佛大学，随后MBA教育历经百年风雨不断完善，取得了令世人瞩目的成绩。如今，美国MBA教育已经为世界企业界所熟知，得到社会的广泛承认和高度评价。MBA教育在我国虽起步较晚，但在过去十余年里，我国的MBA教育事业发展非常迅速，也取得了相当显著的成绩。
目前，国内的MBA教育市场呈现一片繁荣景象，但繁荣的背后却隐藏着种种亟待解决的问题。其中一个就是教材的问题。目前，国内市场上国外引进版教材在一定程度上还存在新旧好坏参差不齐的现象，这就需要读者在使用引进版教材时进行仔细的甄别。
北京大学出版社推出的《MBA核心课程精选教材·英文影印版》弥补了国内MBA教材市场的缺憾，给国内MBA教材市场注入了一股新鲜的血液。全套丛书基本覆盖了北京大学MBA的主修课程。包括：管理学、营销学、战略管理、管理信息系统、运作管理、人力资源管理、商务沟通、国际金融、金融管理、决策分析、货币银行学、会计学等。另外，在十几门主课的基础上又增加了几门高级选修课程。包括：国际会计学、组织行为学、投资学、商务学、财务报表解析、管理会计、管理沟通、商业伦理学、企业家精神等。
本套丛书的筛选大体上本着以下几点原则：(1)出“新”。克服以往教材知识陈旧、落后的弊端。大部分教材都与国外原版书同步出版。(2)出“好”。本套丛书收入了美国哈佛大学、斯坦福大学、麻省理工学院等著名院校所采用的教材。如《管理学》、《营销管理架构》、《管理信息系统》、《人力资源管理》、《财务会计》、《管理会计》、《面向管理的数量分析》等；本套丛书还收入了著名学术界宗师包括斯蒂芬·罗宾斯(《管理学基础》)、菲利普·科特勒(《营销管理架构》)、查尔斯·亨格瑞(《财务会计》)等人的学术巨著。(3)出“精”。大多数教材都是再版多次。经过不断的修改和完善而成的。
本套《MBA核心课程精选教材·英文影印版》集合了美国经济学界和管理学界各个学科领域专家的权威巨著，该丛书经过北京大学光华管理学院及其他著名高校知名学者的精心选编，包括了大量精深的理论指导和丰富的教学案例，真正称得上是一套优中选精的MBA教材。
致谢
本套教材是我社与国外一流专业出版公司合作出版的，是从大量外版教材中选出的最优秀的一部分。在选书的过程中我们得到了很多专家学者的支持和帮助，可以说每一本书都经过处于教学一线的专家、学者们的精心审定，北京大学出版社英文影印版教材的顺利出版离不开他们的无私帮助，在此，我们对审读并对本套图书提出过宝贵意见的老师们表示衷心的感谢，他们是：
北京大学光华管理学院：符国群、李东、梁钧平、陆正飞、王建国、王其文、杨岳全、于鸿君、
张国有、张圣平、张志学、朱善利
中央财经大学会计系：孟焰
本套丛书的顺利出版还得到了培生教育出版集团(Pearson Education)北京办事处的大力支持，对他们的付出我们也致以深深的谢意。
教辅材料说明
教材，顾名思义教学之材料，它和普通的书籍有一个很大的区别，就是必须“方便教师教学”。所以，好的教材更需有完备的教学辅助材料相匹配，且每一本教材都要有教辅材料，只有配备了齐全的辅助材料才能称其为完整的教材。 出版声明
本套丛书是对国外原版教材的直接影印，由于各个国家政治、经济、文化背景的不同，原书中出版者和作者所持观点及结论尚需商榷。需要特别重申的是，某些书中涉及的关于台湾、香港和澳门的表述和图表与我国政府的表述和立场不尽一致，请广大读者在阅读过程中加以认真分析和鉴别。我们希望本套丛书的出版能够促进中外文化学术交流，推进国内经济与管理专业的教学，为中国经济走向世界作出一份贡献。
我们欢迎所有关心中国MBA教育的专家学者对我们的工作进行指导，欢迎每一位读者给我们提出宝贵的意见和建议。
北京大学出版社
经济与管理图书事业部
2006年1月