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Jingdong book

心(日汉对照全译本)

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心(日汉对照全译本)

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名家名译,中日对照,注释详尽,页码标识,方便阅读,精装典藏!
《心》是日本文学经典读本,由著名的日本文学翻译家林少华先生倾力翻译,行文流畅优美。
文章采用中日对照形式,有助于读者正确理解原文。
对文中的难词难句进行了假名标注以及详尽解释,编校精良,方便读者阅读。
软精装+腰封的精美设计,是日本文学爱好者的收藏良品。

Content Description

《心》是日本近代文坛巨匠、一代文豪夏目漱石的“后期三部曲”之一,可以说是夏目漱石最为引人入胜的作品。小说以徐缓沉静而又撼人心魄的笔致,描写了爱情与友情的碰撞、利己之心与道义之心的冲突,凸现了日本近代知识分子矛盾、怅惘、无助、无奈的精神世界,同时提出了一个严肃的人生课题。该小说至今仍跻身于日本中学生最喜欢读的十部作品之列。小说的结构严谨、行文流畅、简洁自然,伏笔纵横交错、悬念迭见。通过小说的艺术感染力、细腻的人物心理刻画、死亡的震撼力,加以与社会、宗教、伦理和道德等问题穿插、结合,将一个个孤独的灵魂活脱脱地跃然纸上,使人感觉有血有肉,真实可信。这是一场关于人性的戏剧演绎,人性深处的原始悲怆,令人沉思和震撼。

Author Description

夏目漱石(1867—1916年),本名金之助,是日本著名小说家、评论家。代表作有《我是猫》《哥儿》、《心》等,有“国民大作家”的美誉。夏目漱石在日本家喻户晓,其肖像被1984-2004年间的日本一千日元纸币采为头像图案。

林少华,著名文学翻译家,中国海洋大学外国语学院教授。兼任中国日本文学研究会副会长、青岛市作家协会副主席。著有《村上春树和他的作品》《落花之美》《为了灵魂的自由》《乡愁与良知》《高墙与鸡蛋》。译有《挪威的森林》《海边的卡夫卡》等村上春树系列作品以及《心》《罗生门》《金阁寺》《雪国》《在世界中心呼唤爱》等日本名家作品凡五十余部。译文达意传神而见个性,深受读者喜爱。

Comments

研究人类心理的人员一定要读一读这部小说。
——夏目漱石


我向希望认清自己心灵的人们推荐这部已认清了人的心灵的作品。
——夏目漱石


夏目漱石真是一个最像人的人。今世有许多人外貌是人,而实际很不像人,倒像一架机器。这架机器里装满着苦痛、愤怒、叫嚣、哭泣等力量,随时可以应用。即所谓“冰炭满怀抱”也。他们非但不觉得吃不消,并且认为做人应当如此,不,做机器应当如此。
——丰子恺

Catalogue

上 先生と私
中 両親と私
下 先生と遺書

Introduction

夏目漱石和他的作品
(译序)
林少华
除了对职业教师,日本人一般不以“先生”称呼别人,对文学家也是这样。但对夏目漱石是个例外,习惯上称为“漱石先生”,大约同我们中国人习惯上称鲁迅为“鲁迅先生”相若。较之客气,这里边显然含有尊之为师的敬意。实际上,夏目漱石在日本人心目中的地位也同鲁迅在中国人心目中的地位差不多。但鲁迅研究,无论在中国还是在日本都属于显学。不仅《鲁迅全集》被一篇不少地译成了日文,《故乡》还被收入了日本中学“国语”(语文)教科书——不知道鲁迅先生的日本人估计占不到多数。但相比之下,夏目漱石在中国就没有那么幸运了(当然个中原因多多,很难单纯比较)。人们或许知晓川端康成和大江健三郎,但知道漱石的,除了大学中文、外文系师生和文学爱好者,恐怕不会有多少人。
然而毫无疑问,漱石是日本近代文学史上一座卓然特立的高峰。他活跃的二十世纪初期(明治与大正之交),日本文坛可谓群星灿烂。就小说家来说就有森鸥外、岛崎藤村(亦是诗人)、田山花袋、正宗白鸟、永井荷风等人。但作品至今仍为人津津乐道的,说得夸张些,恐怕唯漱石一人而已。难怪被日本人称为“国民大作家”,其头像赫然印在日本千元纸钞的正面,人们几乎无日不同这位大作家“打交道”。
夏目漱石,原名夏目金之助,一八六七年(庆应三年)生于江户(现东京)一小吏家庭,十四岁入二松学舍系统学习“汉籍”(中国古籍),浸润了东方美学观念和儒家伦理思想,奠定了日后文学观和人生观的基础。写“汉诗”(汉语古诗)是其终生爱好和精神寄托。“漱石”之名,即出自《晋书?孙楚传》中“漱石枕流”之句。二十一岁就读于第一高等中学本科,二十三岁入东京帝国大学(现东京大学)英文专业学习。其间因痛感东西方文学观的巨大差异而陷入极度的精神苦闷之中。一八九五年赴爱媛县松山中学任教,为日后《哥儿》的创作积累了素材。翌年转赴熊本县任高等中学讲师。一八九九年赴英国留学三年,学习英国文学和教学法。回国后先后在东京第一高等中学和东京帝大讲授英文,同时开始文学创作,发表了长篇小说《我是猫》,并一举成名。一九〇七年进入朝日新闻社任小说专栏作家,为《朝日新闻》写连载小说,一直笔耕不辍,直至一九一六年(大正五年)因胃溃疡去世。是年仅四十九岁。
漱石从事文学创作的时间并不很长,从三十八岁发表《我是猫》到四十九岁去世,也就是十年多一点时间,却给世人留下了大量有价值的作品。他步入文坛之时,自然主义文学已开始在日本流行,很快发展成为文坛主流。不过日本的自然主义不完全同于以法国作家左拉为代表的欧洲自然主义,缺乏波澜壮阔的社会场景,缺乏直面现实的凌厉气势,缺乏粗犷遒劲的如橼文笔,而大多囿于个人生活及其周边环境的狭小天地,乐此不疲地直接暴露其中阴暗丑恶的部位和不无龌龊的个人心理,开后来风靡文坛(直至今日)的“私小说”“心境小说”的先河。具有东西方高度文化素养的漱石从一开始便同自然主义文学背道而驰,而以更广阔的视野、更超拔的高度、更有责任感而又游刃有余的态度对待世界和人生,同森鸥外一并被称为既反自然主义又有别于“耽美派”和“白桦派”的“高踏派”“余裕派”,是日本近代文学真正的确立者和一代文学翘楚。随着漱石一九一六年去世及其《明暗》的中途绝笔,日本近代文学也就落下了帷幕。
以行文风格和主要思想倾向划线,作品可分为明快、“外向”型和沉郁、“内向”型两类。前者集中于创作初期,以《我是猫》(1905)、《哥儿》(1906)为代表,旁及《草枕》(1906)和《虞美人草》(1907)。在这类作品中,作者主要从理性和伦理的角度对现代文明提出质疑和批评。犀利的笔锋直触“文明”的种种弊端和人世的般般丑恶。语言如风行水上,流畅明快;幽默如万泉自涌,酣畅淋漓;妙语随机生发,警句触目皆是,颇有嬉笑怒骂皆成文章之势。后者则分布于创作中期和后期,主要作品有《三四郎》《其后》《门》(前期三部曲)和《彼岸过迄》《行人》《心》(后期三部曲),以及绝笔之作《明暗》。在这类作品中,作者收回伸向社会的笔锋,转而指向人的内心,发掘近代人内心世界的不安、烦恼和苦闷,尤其注重剖析近代知识分子的“自我”、无奈与孤独,竭力寻觅超越“自我”、自私而委身于“天”的自在和谐之境(“则天去私”),表现出一个作家应有的社会责任感和执著、严肃的人生态度。
这里,从两类作品中各选一部代表作。《哥儿》通过一个不谙世故、坦率正直的鲁莽哥儿踏入社会后同周围俗物展开的种种戏剧性冲突,辛辣而巧妙地讽刺了社会上的丑恶现象,鞭挞了卑鄙、权术和虚伪,赞美了正义、直率和纯真。行文流畅,节奏明快,形象鲜明。通篇如坂上走丸,一气流注,而寓庄于谐,妙趣横生,至今仍是脍炙人口的作品,实为日本近代文学作品中不可多得的佳作。《心》则多少带有现今所说的推理色彩。“我”认识了一位“先生”,后来接得“先生”一封长信(其时“先生”已不在人世),信中讲述了“先生”在大学时代同朋友K 一同爱上房东漂亮的独生女儿。“先生”设计使K 自杀,自己如愿以偿。但婚后时常遭受良心和道义的谴责,最后也自杀而死。小说以徐缓沉静而又撼人心魄的笔致,描写了爱情与友情的碰撞、利己之心与道义之心的冲突,凸现了日本近代知识分子矛盾、怅惘、无助、无奈的精神世界,同时提出了一个严肃的人生课题。这部长篇可以说是漱石最为引人入胜的作品,至今仍跻身于日本中学生最喜欢读的十部作品之列。说得极端一点,假如没有《哥儿》和《心》,漱石能否“活”到今天还真是个疑问。
日本小说家中,较之诺贝尔文学奖获得者川端康成和大江健三郎,我更喜欢另外两个人:一个就是夏目漱石,一个是当代的村上春树。差不多二十年前在北国读研究生的时候,漱石全集便读了一集又一集;而村上的小说,近年来则译了一本又一本。粗想之下,两人之间虽时隔八十余年,但确有若干共同点。一是态度的认真与坦诚。两人都认真对待人生和社会,不伪善,不矫情,不故弄玄虚,不掩饰自己。二是笔调的幽默和机警。一些作品都富于理性的、机智的、有教养的幽默感。外国有人称村上春树为“当代的夏目漱石”,想必主要着眼于这一点。三是描写对象大多都是都市里的小人物尤其是知识分子,都以传达其孤独、无奈、充满失落感的心态见长,而且两人同样是游离于文坛主流而独树一帜、别开生面的作家。
正因为喜欢,多年来一直想将适合日语专业大学生课外阅读的《哥儿》和《心》这两篇以日汉对译形式另行付梓。而今承蒙中国宇航出版社好意,终于得遂夙愿。人生快事,教师之乐,莫过于此。
关于注释,主要根据本科三四年级的学力就词汇和语法之偏难者附以底注。释义参考了角川书店昭和49 年版“日本近代文学大系”之《夏目漱石集》中的注释和有关辞书,亦多少有我个人的理解。包括译文在内,未必精当,谨资参考,欢迎指正。
最后我想说的是,此书二〇〇八年出了平装本,转眼五年过去。今天您手中的精装本无论译注内容还是版式设计都较平装本有了明显改进。尤其译注方面,责任编辑刘东雪的一丝不苟使之避免了不少疏漏或欠妥之处,在此谨致诚挚的谢意。如果说一本书是一只小船,那么出版社就是一座码头。现在,小船终于离开码头扬帆起航了。但愿这只小船带给您一丝惊喜、一分收获。

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