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Jingdong book

项脊之光:归震川传

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项脊之光:归震川传

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明代中叶,散文家归有光开一代新风,在中国文学史上留下了难以磨灭的痕迹,其名篇《项脊轩记》《先妣事略》等至今仍散发着动人的光彩。本书正是这位大家的传记,作者陈益力求通俗易懂,以一个个故事讲述了归有光坎坷起伏而又千古流芳的一生;同时结合相关文史研究,真实描述、再现了归有光的形象以及他生活的时代。

Content Description

归有光,一个已经存在了500余年的名字。他是在项脊轩枯灯夜读的学子,是在荒江僻壤设课授徒的经师,是晚年才考取功名的官员,更是在中国文学史上留下浓重一笔的散文大家。他的一生,只是用手中的笔,抒写寻常家事、素朴亲情,却因为真切而真挚,让充溢着暖意和惠爱的震川文章独树一帜,让那些叱咤风云、指点江山的人物黯然失色,也让我们阖目沉思,今天该怎么读、怎么写,又该怎么选择生活、面对生活……
《项脊之光:归震川传》以人物生平时间为序,用流畅的文笔,串联起归有光一生轨迹,同时以他为主线,展示了明代社会生活以及文坛的种种,有利于读者了解归有光其人,以及明代世态万象。
Author Description

陈益,中国作家协会会员、苏州市作家协会散文分会副会长。已著有长篇小说《天吃相》《收拾起》《漂移的古镇》,文学传记《心同山河——顾炎武传》,散文集《我的先祖是蚩尤》《十八双鞋》《欲望漫思录》《水巷里的浮雕》《如花似玉的江南》《寻梦六百年》等六十余种,作品曾多次在国内各类评奖中获奖,收入教科书和各类作品选集,并在日本、台湾、香港出版、译介。

Catalogue

引子001


项脊轩001

不安宁的陶庵021

安亭江上047

畏垒亭下065

师生之间083

读书人治水099

抗倭方略115

长兴县令131

共事梦鼎堂149

命运的玩笑169

震川文章183

心有戚戚197

文字的光焰217

寂寞身后事239


附录:

(一)归有光评论资料选辑249

(二)归有光年表269


后记280


Book Abstract

《项脊之光:归震川传》:
进入隆冬腊月,按说很寒冷了,可是天气似乎有些异样。昨晚刚刚下过了一场小雪,早晨就停止了。天空中厚厚的阴云渐渐变淡,屋外的寒风先是凛冽地呼啸,随后也和缓了。
今天是大明正德元年腊月廿四日(1507年1月6日),正值农历年底,家家户户都开始准备过年了。按照吴地的风俗,“手不动廿四”,到了廿四夜,所有做工务农的人都要领了工钿歇息回家,阖家老少团团圆圆地吃一顿汤圆,然后杀猪蒸糕,准备好好地享受节庆的欢乐了。
位于江南古城昆山东南门宣化坊的归家,从早上起就不停地有人出出进进,似乎比别人家更热闹。后街河里的水结起了一层薄薄的冰凌,仍有妇人在河埠上洗涤。
一阵脆亮的婴儿啼哭声,终于在滨河的几间平房里响起,打破了焦虑的沉闷。每一个人的脸上顿时洋溢出一片暖意。
“生了!……”
“是个男孩,是个男孩呀!”
“归家添丁,老天开眼啦!……”
几乎就在婴儿离开母腹,来到人世的时候,有人发现,仿佛是老天开眼,头顶的云层里射下明亮的光芒,归家的庭院里突然出现了一道虹霓,将古旧的黛瓦粉墙老屋都映亮了。假如在夏天,雨后出现彩虹毫不稀罕,在冬天却是难以得见的迹象,这让归家所有的人都感到十分奇怪,也意外地高兴。
在产房外焦灼等候的归正,不由联想起今年自家园中所植的蔷薇,春天盛开时,花蕊中间重叠结子,周围满架,五色灿烂,引来了大群的鸟儿,仿佛前来朝拜。是啊,伴随着新生儿而来的虹霓,当是祥瑞之兆。沉寂了多年的归家,确实也很需要有人为之耀祖光宗了。
做父亲的实在掩饰不住内心的喜悦。归正是一个读书人,脑子里立即冒出了《尚书》的词句“周有大赉,于汤有光”。
“对,”祖父归绅没等归正把话讲完,立即拍手叫好,“孙儿的名字就叫有光!”
归家在昆山,是一个有名的大族。明代以前有不少人人仕当官,即使不当官,也是在当地颇受敬重的读书人,所以民间历来有“县官印不如归家信”的说法。这意味着归家在昆山地方上享有足够的影响力。然而,到了明代中叶,归家渐渐地走向了衰落,不仅再也没有人当官,多少年来也没有出现过哪怕只是在小地方声名显赫的人物,更不用说是超越前人了。归有光的曾祖父归凤,算是一个佼佼者,在明成化十年(1474年)中了举人,做过一任城武县的知县,但是不久就以病免归。归有光的祖父归绅和父亲归正,从小都刻苦读书,很想经由科举走上仕途,可惜白费了努力,并没有取得什么功名,以布衣终老。
这实在让归家人感到不甘。
作为普普通通的读书人家,还有些田产,归家人不至于为温饱担忧,但是社会地位的降低,却叫人难以忍受。归家家道衰落的一个标志,是归氏的祖茔居然被衙门的老役盘踞了。曾经颇有气势的归家墓地,大片的树木被砍伐殆尽,桓表碑亭也被拆毁,一片狼藉,惨不忍睹。祖先的灵魂难以得到安宁,是可忍,孰不可忍?归家人再也咽不下这口气,不得不走进衙门,向昆山县令哀请帮助。在县令的关照下,总算将归氏祖茔收了回来。
……
Introduction

引子

归有光,苏州府昆山县人氏,明代著名散文家。明代的苏州府,曾经涌现出不少杰出的文学家。他们有的是本地人,对吴文化烂熟于心;有的是外地人,却长期寓居苏州,将苏州作为自己的第二故乡,在这里留下了大量脍炙人口的佳作。

袁宏道就是其中的一位。

风流倜傥的袁宏道(字中郎),考中进士的第一任职务是吴县县令。他从湖北公安下长江、走运河,潇潇洒洒地前来上任。

吴县,也就是今天的苏州,一直是一个繁华而又风雅的古城。袁中郎心里想,自己这个风流倜傥的读书人前来当县令,真是再合适不过了。事实上,他在任内也充分显示了才干,政清刑简,革除弊端,廉洁奉公,为老百姓做了许多的好事。

然而,仅仅干了两年,风流的袁中郎就风流不起来了。他深感厌倦,既不愿像以前的知县那样与衙门的胥吏同流合污,也不想整天面对鹑衣百结的粮长、簧口利舌的刁民和虮虱满身的囚徒,杂事缠身,于是干脆提交辞呈。接连不断地上了7次禀牍,才算得到允准。这位浪漫佻达的读书人,把无官一身轻的感觉,比喻成“如游鳞纵壑,倦鸟还山”,“走出刀山剑树,跳入清凉佛土”,真是快活不可言!

随即,他和好友陶望龄一起,开始了在吴越山水之间的漫游。上有天堂,下有苏杭,这里的山水历来如同仙境。袁中郎放浪形骸,无拘无束,高兴的时候就在湖边的树下狂呼乱叫。当县令时的那般威严矜持,早已不知丢到哪儿去了。

一路游览,一路谈笑,身心融入大自然的旖旎景色,全然忘记了人间的烦恼。他们欣赏了五泄的瀑布,饱览了黄山烟岚,也游遍了西湖和天目山胜景,果真像神仙一样。

那天,从天目山归来,袁中郎住进了陶望龄的家,感到有些疲倦。晚上,不想像往日那样在灯下兴致勃勃地写游记,但因百无聊赖心里发空,便在楼上随意翻书,无意中看到《阙编》一帙。

那书印得实在糟糕——恶楮毛书,烟煤败黑,微有字形。他在灯下读了几页,却不由惊异地跳了起来,忙问陶望龄:

“《阙编》的作者是谁?是今人还是古人?”陶望龄笑着告诉他:“嗬,这不是别人,是徐渭徐文长先生,一个狷狂怪异的奇才呀。”

袁中郎大感诧异:“真的?”

他们两人捧着《阙编》,在灯下并肩阅读。一边读,一边叫,叫完了又继续读,看来是太兴奋了,连酣睡中的童仆都被他们的声响惊醒,还以为是发生了什么事情。

袁中郎不由感慨道:“我今年30了,可是到今天才知道海内还有一位徐文长先生,真是相识太晚!”

从此以后,袁中郎成了徐文长的热心崇拜者,不仅到处推崇他的诗文和绘画艺术,还专门写下了一篇《徐文长传》,刻画出一位狂放不羁而又命运多舛的杰出艺术家形象。这篇《徐文长传》,成为散文家袁中郎全部作品中最为精彩的代表作,也是仅有的一篇传记文,流传至今。

徐文长自然是中国艺术史中的一个奇才。但他并非眼睛长在了额角上,永远望着天空,他也有自己的景仰者。散文家钱谦益在《列朝诗集小传》中,记叙了下面这段有趣的故事:

嘉靖末年,某个月明星稀的夜晚,状元出身的礼部侍郎诸大绶回家乡绍兴置酒招待徐文长。谁知等候了好久,差不多是深夜了,这位狂放不羁的先生才姗姗来迟。究问原因,他忙说途中在一户人家避雨,发现墙上挂着归有光的文章,回翔雒诵,觉得简直是欧阳修再世,不能舍去,所以来迟了。认罚,认罚!诸大绶等人听他一讲,十分惊讶,连忙派人取来归有光的文章,在灯下聚读。

大家击节赞叹,直到天色发白。至于原来想做些什么事情,已经无所谓了。

“公安”派的旗手袁中郎,其实是在徐文长逝世后4年,才读到他的作品的。而徐文长也是由于一个偶然的机会,才读到了归有光的文章。可是他们在读到精美之作时欣喜若狂,发出由衷的赞叹的情景,不能不让人深深地感动。文人之间的心会神往,乃至成为知音,历来是非常珍贵的。难怪《文心雕龙》中说:“逢其知音,千载其一乎!”这几位在明代文坛有着十分重要地位的人物,恰恰拥有奇妙的心灵感应。

徐文长早年受浙江巡抚胡宗宪赏识,作为幕僚,在抵御倭寇中显示过才能。但是胡宗宪后来在权力斗争中失败,被缇骑——锦衣卫逮捕,死于狱中。徐文长深感岌岌可危,惟恐受到株连,便佯狂装疯,以免牢狱之灾。也许是整天处在极度紧张和猜疑的不正常状态下,他的精神失去平衡,佯狂竟真的导致狂疾。袁中郎的《徐文长传》描绘他在精神错乱时说,“自持斧击破其头,血流被面,头骨皆折,揉之有声。或以利锥锥其两耳,深入寸余,竟不得死”,

简直惊心动魄。46岁时,他因精神错乱失常,误杀了妻子张氏,身陷囹圄,在监狱中度过了七八年。幸而朋友大力营救,才获释出狱。

徐文长的境遇,使人想起出生于荷兰的艺术殉道者梵?高。生前,除了弟弟提奥之外,几乎没有人赏识他的艺术天才。可是他献身于艺术的意志从来没有动摇过。他说:“我的作品就是我的肉体和灵魂,为了它,我甘愿冒着失去生命和理智的危险。”在他自杀之前,精神病发作的间隙,他总是拼命地作画。如果说,著名的《向日葵》——12幅镶板画是以金黄的色彩表现了他对生命的狂欢和对幸福的渴望,而在身患精神病以后,他的作品便转向了对“人类恐怖意识”的揭示。

自戕,显然是人生最为残酷的一幕。远大抱负一夕幻灭,人情世故诸多险恶,清名功绩被玷污,悲愤填膺,难以自遣,在精神寄托突然崩解,理想追求却依然尚存时,徐文长纵酒狂歌已无济于事,他唯一的选择就是自戕。在《自为墓志铭》中,他写下了这样一段话:

乃渭则自死,孰与人死之。渭为人度于义无所关时,辄疏纵不为儒缚,一涉义所否,干耻诟,介秽廉,虽断头不可夺。故其死也,亲莫制,友莫解焉。

他是热爱生活的,他的思想境界也完全不同于落拓文人的失意彷徨,尽管很难得到别人的理解,可他还是为自己的人生闭幕式作出了与众不同的设计。这无疑说明了他的极端清醒和难以企及的自我意识。此刻,早已不是害怕被胡宗宪案牵连了!

不是说每个艺术家天生都与精神病有某种因果关系,但他们总会有与众不同的思维方式和行为方式,这却是凡俗间的人们不容易理解的。犹如梵?高将艺术创作作为生活的唯一目的,徐文长在走出权法和精神的囹圄之时,也以他的高超才华,为后人留下了无数精美的文章和画作。这位全能的文人、画家,不论选择什么题材,运用何种形式,从笔墨到意境总是洋溢着一股自由不羁、狂傲不驯的激情。

徐文长这么一位诗文、杂剧、书画俱佳的天才艺术家,难免会目空一切,甚至连自己都不放在眼里。但他却十分钦佩归有光先生的文章,如此真诚地推崇归有光,丝毫也不掩饰对归有光的崇拜。

看来,我们应该一起读读震川文章,走近一代散文家……


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Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book