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经济管理基础

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《经济管理基础》由经济学基础和企业管理学基础两大部分组成,注重知识的拓展,力求以精练的语言将经济学与管理学的基本知识介绍给对此有兴趣的读者。
《经济管理基础》编写的宗旨是从读者的角度出发,以读者为中心,所以在编写过程中,特别注重结构安排,强调逻辑性、可读性、易理解性、准确性和实用性。在内容上,本书以管理为核心,从经济、管理的概念人手,逐步深入到企业应用中。在结构上强调了体系结构的合理性。在本书中采用了图、表等方式说明问题,使读者能够容易阅读和理解。
《经济管理基础》适合非管理类的本专科生使用,同时也可作为企业管理人员的实用参考书。
Catalogue

第一篇 经济学基础
第一章 经济学导论
1.1 什么是西方经济学
1.2 现代西方经济学的由来和演变
1.3 微观经济学的特点

第二章 供求理论
2.1 需求理论
2.2 供给理论
2.3 市场均衡理论
2.4 弹性理论
2.5 供求分析的应用

第三章 效用论
3.1 基数效用论和边际效用分析法
3.2 序数效用论和无差异曲线分析法

第四章 生产论
4.1 生产函数
4.2 短期生产函数
4.3 长期生产函数

第五章 成本论
5.1 成本的概念
5.2 短期成本函数
5.3 长期成本函数

第六章 完全竞争市场
6.1 市场的类型
6.2 完全竞争市场

第七章 不完全竞争市场
7.1 垄断市场
7.2 垄断竞争市场
7.3 寡头垄断市场

第八章 生产要素市场的厂商决策
8.1 生产要素的需求
8.2 生产要素的供给

第二篇 企业管理学基础
第一章 绪论
1.1 企业
1.2 管理与企业管理

第二章 企业管理基础知识
2.1 企业管理的基本原则
2.2 现代企业制度
2.3 企业管理组织结构图

第三章 企业经营战略管理
3.1 企业经营战略与军事战略
3.2 企业战略的概念与发展
3.3 企业战略的特点
3.4 企业战略的内容
3.5 现代企业战略的分类

第四章 企业经营计划管理
4.1 企业经营计划的特点
4.2 企业经营计划的分类
4.3 企业年度经营计划的内容
4.4 企业经营计划的编制与执行
4.5 企业经营计划的调整
4.6 网络计划技术

第五章 市场营销管理
5.1 市场的概述
5.2 市场营销的概念
5.3 市场调查与预测
5.4 产品策略
5.5 定价策略
5.6 分销渠道策略
5.7 企业促销策略

第六章 企业技术管理
6.1 技术与技术管理的概念
6.2 企业技术改造
6.3 企业技术引进管理
6.4 技术评价
6.5 技术创新
6.6 新产品的开发
6.7 新产品开发方式、程序

第七章 企业生产管理
7.1 生产的概念
7.2 生产类型
7.3 不同生产类型的特征
7.4 提高多品种小批量生产类型效率的途径
7.5 生产过程的组织

第八章 企业质量管理
8.1 质量与质量职能
8.2 质量管理的发展
8.3 全面质量管理的特点
8.4 质量管理与质量保证国际标准的产生
8.5 质量国际标准
8.6 质量控制的统计方法

第九章 企业人力资源管理
9.1 人力资源管理概述
9.2 人力资源开发
9.3 人力资源规划
9.4 人力绩效评估

第十章 企业文化
10.1 企业文化概述
10.2 企业文化的营造

第十一章 企业财务管理
11.1 企业财务管理的概论
11.2 企业资金筹集
11.3 企业资产管理
11.4 成本和费用
11.5 企业盈利管理
11.6 财务报告和财务评价
参考文献
Book Abstract

5.5 定价策略
5.5.1 定价策略的概述
企业的定价策略,是市场营销组合中最活跃的因素,带有强烈的竞争性和多因素的综合性,企业市场营销活动开展得怎么样,在很大程度上要看价格定得是否合理。在我国市场经济条件下,除了国家统一定价的少量商品以外,绝大多数商品价格是由企业自行制定的,研究和运用定价策略,是企业营销策略的重要方面。定价策略内容主要包括企业定价的目标与程序,企业的定价策略,企业的定价方法,顾客、竞争者对企业定价的反应,企业主动调整价格与被动调整价格的策略。
定价的目标是产品的价格在实现以后企业应达到的目的。它包括:扩大当前利润水平、扩大销售额、扩大市场占有率、获得高回报以及维护企业形象这样五个目标。
在进行定价时影响定价的因素包括:①产品成本;②市场需求;③竞争因素;④消费者心理;⑤国家价格策略。
5.5.2定价的程序
所谓定价程序,就是根据企业的营销目标,确定适当的定价目标,综合考虑各种定价因素,选择适当的定价方法,具体确定企业产品价格的过程。一般来说,企业定价程序可分为七个步骤:
1.选择定价目标
企业的定价目标首先要从企业的营销目标出发,对市场商品供求状况、市场竞争状况以及定价策略和市场营销的其他因素综合考虑加以确定。企业营销日标不同,定价目标也就不同。不同的企业可以有不同的定价目标,同一企业在不同时期、不同条件下也有不同的定价目标。因此,企业在选择定价目标时,应权衡各种定价目标的因素和利弊,慎重地加以选择和确定。
2.估算成本
根据企业营销能力,计算成本费用和销量界限。企业产品的成本费用,是制定产品价格的基础。产品价格高于成本,企业才能盈利。因此,企业定价必须估算成本。依照企业的产品成本与销售量的关系,可分为变动成本和固定成本两种。
(1)变动成本。它是指在一定范围内随产品销量变化而成正比例变化的成本,如产品进价、进货费用、储存费用、销售费用等。变动成本包括变动成本总额和单位变动成本。变动成本总额是指单位变动成本与销量的乘积。单位变动成本是指单位产品所包含的变动成本平均分摊额,即总变动成本与总销量之比。
(2)固定成本。固定成本也包括固定成本总额和单位固定成本。前者指在一定范围内不随销量变化而变化的成本,如固定资产折旧费、管理费等;后者指单位产品所包含的固定成本的平均分摊额,即固定成本总额与总销量之比,它随销量的增加而减少。
总成本即全部变动成本和固定成本之和。当销量为零时,总成本等于在营业时发生的 固定成本。平均成本,指总成本与总销量之比,即单位产品的平均成本费用。企业获利的前 提条件是价格不能低于平均成本费用。
Introduction

本书由经济学基础和企业管理学基础两大部分组成,注重知识的拓展,力求以精练的语言将经济学与管理学的基本知识介绍给对此有兴趣的读者。
本书编写的宗旨是从读者的角度出发,以读者为中心,所以在编写过程中,特别注重结构安排,强调逻辑性、可读性、易理解性、准确性和实用性。在内容上,本书以管理为核心,从经济、管理的概念人手,逐步深入到企业应用中。在结构上强调了体系结构的合理性。在本书中采用了图、表等方式说明问题,使读者能够容易阅读和理解。
本书适合非管理类的本专科生使用,同时也可作为企业管理人员的实用参考书。
我们在编写过程中,参考了大量国内外相关的书籍、杂志和资料。正是这些书籍、杂志和资料的作者的智慧结晶使我们深受启发,才能最终完成本书的编写工作。在此,我们谨向这些作者表示诚挚的谢意!
本书由李铁锋(安徽理工大学),卿向阳(西南科技大学)主编,周艳恒(西南科技大学),刘彩霞(郑州华信学院)、孟祥瑞(安徽理工大学)副主编,第一篇1~3章由周艳恒,曹营编写,第4~6章由张洪亮,韩萍编写;第7~8章由刘衍桥,王从东编写,第二篇1~4由卿向阳编写,5~7章由刘彩霞、李铁锋编写,第8章由杨超宇编写,9~11章由万福编写。
本书内容涉及面较广,但因编者水平有限和篇幅的限制,许多相关知识和技术未能介绍或介绍得不够全面,疏漏之处在所难免,恳请读者批评指正。

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