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Jingdong book

诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程

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Jingdong book

诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程

Name: 诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110178031
Price: 19.86 USD
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Content Description

在《诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程》中，诺思提出了一种新的理解经济变迁过程的方式。二十年前，道格拉斯，诺思通过揭示经济绩效大体上是由支撑市场的制度类型及质量所决定的，激发了经济史上的一场革命。正如他在开启新制度经济学之门的两本经典著作中所表明的，产权和交易成本是基本的决定因素。这里，诺思阐释了不同社会是如何形成制度性基础的，这种制度性基础在很大程度上决定了它们的经济轨迹。
诺思认为，经济变迁在很大程度上依赖于适应性效率，即一个社会在创造生产性的、稳定的、公平的以及广为接受的制度上的有效性——而且更为重要的是，这些制度要足够灵活，从而在应对政治和经济反馈时能够被变更或被取代。虽然坚持了早期对制度的定义，即制度是约束人类行为的正式或非正式的规则，但是为了探究这些规则的演化以及经济变迁的深层次决定因素，诺思拓展了先前的研究。利用心理学家的全新研究成果，诺思把意识作为关键变量，揭示了意识是怎样成为社会学习的结果及其随后是怎样影响经济的制度基础的，进而影响其对不断变化的环境的适应能力。
《诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程》不仅解释了过去的制度变迁，而且解释了当今各经济体之间的不同经济绩效。因此，这部大作也是改进发展中国家绩效的重要指南。

Author Description

道格拉斯·C·诺思（Douglass C.North），1993年诺贝尔经济学奖得主。美国著名经济学家、政治学家，曾任美国经济史学会会长、华盛顿大学经济系主任。他的主要学术贡献在于建立了包括产权理论、国家理论和意识形态理论在内的“制度变迁理论”。主要著作有《经济史上的结构和变革》、《西方世界的兴起》、《制度、制度变迁与经济效益》等。

Comments

这本由大师创作的著作将为人们广泛阅读、探讨和争论。它大胆地迈向很少有人涉足的领域，是一本比经济增长甚至是经济史更加雄心勃勃的著作。它的主题是经济变迁，并且敢于提出那些对于专业人士而言仍将迷惑多年的论题。
——乔尔·莫可里，西北大学

正如诺思早期的经典著作《制度与制度变迁》引起了主导20世纪90年代的理解制度的革命一样，他的新著——《理解经济变迁过程》——寻求同样革命性的变迁。现在，诺思把认知成分融入这种分析，意识是怎样运行的，我们是怎样形成有关世界的信念和理解的，以及社会是怎样解决——或没有解决——它们所面临的问题的。《诺贝尔经济学奖获得者丛书：理解经济变迁过程》是诺思的上乘之作。
——巴里·温加斯特，斯坦福大学政治学教授

在这本著作中，诺思再一次开创了经济研究的新前沿。他提倡探究人类意识，以寻求关于个体和社会获取的知识如何在文化上和制度上影响对变迁过程的理解。他勇敢地闯入了大多数经济学家比较陌生的领域，如社会心理学和认知科学，并用这些发现深化了我们对当今时代最为迫切的经济问题的理解：现代技术有巨大的生产能力，可是为何许多经济体仍然未能实现繁荣？
——阿夫纳·格雷夫，斯坦福大学人文与科学鲍曼·法米利教授、经济学教授

Catalogue

第1章经济变迁过程概述
Ⅰ
Ⅱ

第一篇理解经济变迁所涉及的问题
引言
第2章非各态历经世界的不确定性
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
第3章信念体系、文化和认知科学
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
第4章意识和人类的意向性
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
第5章人类搭建的支撑结构
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
第6章回顾已有的研究成果
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ

第二篇前方的路
引言
第7章不断演化的人类环境
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
第8章秩序和无序的根源
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
第9章正确理解和误解
Ⅰ
……
注释
索引
参考文献
后记

Book Abstract

以上几段概括了代议制政府的政治框架，这个问题政治科学家们已经详细地研究过了。第三世界国家的腐败、贿赂和类似于黑手党的掠夺趋于成为日常的秩序，这使得这些国家的政治体制更难研究。近几年来，政治经济学家们对第三世界国家的政治体制问题较为关注，他们从政治体制的实际运行出发，对现实的政体结构建立模型，但是，没有模型能够很好地解释政治体制结构。政治体制绩效的巨大差异使得政治体制这个主题成为改善我们对经济变迁过程理解的一个关键的问题。
一般地说，我们对政治过程的研究没有对经济市场的研究成功。对政治市场的交易过程做简要阐释有助于我们找出其中的部分原因。政治市场不像经济市场那样运行。为行为设定合适的假设是比较困难的事情。这些行为假设比我们在经济模型中设定的要复杂得多，它们反映了道德、伦理规范和“非理性”行为反应。由于意识和意向性的本质，政治决策对认知有更复杂的需要。人类“理性自利行为”（经济模型的基本假设）和意识形态式的信念之间的复杂结合源于人类自我意识，这种结合是政治科学家们面临的一大挑战。而且这种挑战在下面的背景下更为清晰，即在动态的框架下分析政治市场能够更有效地分析非各态历经情况下的不确定性问题。如第2章所述，鼓励永无止境的发现的制度能够降低不确定性。理想的民主形式就是这种制度。迈克尔·沃格姆斯（Michael Wohlgemuth，2003）的论文“民主：一种演化分析方法”（Democracy as an Evolutionary Method）提出了三个命题，将民主的动态特征描述如下：
1．政治偏好和政治主张建立在易错的推测和理论之上。
2．民主主张的形成是从一个永无止境的相互学习和发现过程中产生的。
3．这个过程中的最重要因素不是霸权，而是现有大多数主张的可争议性。
……

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