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Jingdong book

华章经典·管理：彼得原理（珍藏版）

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Jingdong book

华章经典·管理：彼得原理（珍藏版）

Name: 华章经典·管理：彼得原理（珍藏版）
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3102000921
Price: 25.29 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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《华章经典·管理：彼得原理（珍藏版）》是美国学者劳伦斯J.彼得在层级组织进行多年调查研究之后发现一个颠覆传统思想的“彼得原理”：在层级组织中，员工倾向于晋升到自身不胜任的职位，其结果是，企业中的每个职位终将由不胜任的员工所占据。《华章经典·管理：彼得原理（珍藏版）》在为不胜任职位上痛苦挣扎的人开出获得快乐的处方，为滞留在层级组织底层郁郁不得志的人指点顺利晋升的捷径，为高层管理者提供知人善任的方法。

Catalogue

丛书赞誉
出版说明
总序席酉民
译者序
前言

第1章彼得原理
第2章彼得原理的应用
第3章表面上的例外
第4章提拔和晋升
第5章奋发进取和晋升
第6章部下与领导者
第7章层级组织学和政治
第8章前人的暗示和预言
第9章层级组织心理学
第10章彼得螺旋
第11章成功病理学
第12章晋升极限的非医学指标
第13章零晋升的健康和快乐——幻想还是现实
第14章创造性不胜任
第15章达尔文理论的引申

术语表

Book Abstract

职业性机械行为
我把以上各种行为称作职业性机械行为。很明显，对职业性机械行为者而言，方法重于结果；官样文章掩盖了原本设计它们的初始目的。这些员工从不认为自己是为大众服务而存在的——相反，他们把大众看成维持自己、表格、仪式和层级组织存在的原材料！
从消费者、客户或受害者的观点来看，职业性机械行为就是不胜任。所以，你肯定会想，“怎么会有这么多职业性机械行为者获得晋升呢？难道说职业性机械行为者没涵盖在彼得原理之中吗？”
要回答这些问题，我必须先提出另一个问题：“不胜任，是由谁来定义的？”
标准问题
一个员工是否胜任，不是由外人决定，而是由层级组织里的上级说了算的。如果该上级尚在胜任级别，他会根据工作的实际表现——比如，医疗服务和信息的提供是否得当，香肠、桌腿的产量有多高，或者是否达到了层级组织的既定目标——来评定员工。也就是说，上级评定的是“产出”。
倘若上级到了不胜任级别，他可能会根据制度上的价值来评定下属：他认为胜任就是遵守有助于维持现状的规定、仪式和表格。他将高度赏识做事机敏、整洁、对上司恭恭敬敬、内部文书工作搞得好的员工。简而言之，这种上司评定的是“输入”。
“石板先生是个可靠的人。”
“润滑油先生促进了办公室的平滑运转。”
“刮土机先生做事有条不紊。”
“爬泳小姐是个稳妥的工人。”
“友好夫人跟同事们合作无间。”
在这些例子里，组织内部的和谐一致比对外的服务效率更受重视：这就是彼得反转原理。职业性机械行为者或许可以归到“彼得反转原理”下面去，因为这种人把手段和目的倒了个儿。
现在你明白前面彼得反转原理中引用的例子是怎么回事了吧？
如果卖酒的职员迅速解释了海关规章，旅客会想，“他真是想得周全！”可该职员的上级却可能对他留下不好的印象，因为他破坏了该部门的规矩。
如果书店的出纳员接受了我的旅行支票，我或许会感激他的帮助，可经理却会批评他行事。
……

Introduction

身为作家和记者，我常有特殊机会研究文明社会的运作方式。我调查并撰写过有关政府、工商业界、教育界以及文艺界的文章。我访问过各行各业以及社会里高中低各阶层的成员，并且仔细聆听过他们的心声。
我注意到，大部分人做事毛毛糙糙，只有极少数例外。因此不胜任者四处蔓延，一路凯旋。
我曾见过一座1200米长的高速路桥莫名倒塌，掉进海里，因为桥墩的设计完全要不得——尽管人们再三检查过。
我曾见过城市规划者在一条大河的冲积平原上规划城市发展，而此地每隔一段时间必定发大水。
最近我读到英国某发电厂的三座巨型冷却塔倒塌——每座塔造价高达100万美元，可却连一阵强风都经受不起。
我还饶有兴趣地注意到，得克萨斯州1休斯敦室內棒球场完工之后，人们才发现它完全不适合打棒球：在阳光灿烂的日子，由于天窗的反光，球手根本看不见高飞球会往哪儿飞。
我观察到，各种用具的制造商按惯例总会设立地区维修站，因为他们预料到——经验也证明了——很多产品在质保期内就会出故障。
我听无数司机抱怨过自己刚买的车就有各种各样的毛病，因此，了解到近年来各大汽车制造商生产的汽车有20％都存在危险的制造缺陷，我毫不感到吃惊。
请别以为我是那种天生戴着有色眼镜的极端保守主义者，成天哀叹世风曰下，人心不古。不胜任的事情自古就有，到处都是。
19世纪英国政论家麦考利（Macaulay）根据海军将领皮普斯（SamuelPepys）的报告，描述了1684年英国海军的情形。“海军司令部简直是浪费、腐败、无知和懒惰的天才……他们的评估不可信任……合同得不到履行……从不进行强制检查……有些战时新兵虚弱透顶，要不赶紧加以训练，他们恐怕会在船停在岸边时掉进水里淹死。水手无法按时拿到薪水，只好把配给券打个六折，卖给放高利贷的。在海上航行的大多数船只，指挥者从未受过航海训练。”
后来当了英国首相的惠灵顿（Wellington）将军，在18lo年去葡萄牙参战之前，翻阅了军队将领的花名册，无奈地说道：“我只盼望敌人看到这份名单时，也跟我一样不寒而栗。”
南北战争时的将领理查德。泰勒（Richardnylor），谈到七日战役．时评论说：“南军将领对地形所知甚少……在里士满城行军一天，就好像让他们在中非行军一样艰难。”
南军的罗伯特E．李（Rober．tELee）将军也曾分外苦涩地抱怨说：“我的命令根本没法执行。”
第二次世界大战的大部分时期，英国海陆空三军全都使用着比德军差得多的炸弹。早在1940年年初，英国科学家就知道，只要在现有炸药里加一点廉价的铝粉，就能让炸弹威力翻倍。可这一知识直到1943年年底才得以推广。
同样是在“二战”期间，一艘医疗船的澳大利亚指挥官在检验改装后的水箱时发现，水箱內壁居然涂上了剧毒的红铅，它足以把船上的所有人置于死地！
这些事情，还有成百上千的类似事件，我都曾看到、读到和听到过。于是我认为，不胜任这种状况，放诸四海而皆准也。
所以，当登月火箭因为什么东西忘了、坏了、失灵了、提前引爆了而发射失败时，我不再感到惊讶。
……

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