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Jingdong book

熟能生巧:平面设计专业学生的自由职业指南

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熟能生巧:平面设计专业学生的自由职业指南

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Content Description

为什么要等到你毕业?自由职业是平面设计工作的强力推动。它可以通过真实世界的体验,让你在学校时就获得求职的机会,扫除教育中的盲区,提升你的作品集――同时还能让你获得收入。

本书涵盖了作为一名设计师要成功地实现自由职业应该了解的方方面面,包括如何建立自己的业务,如何处理法律和财务问题,发现客户并高效地与他们工作。

这本全彩的指导书分为几个部分,对应不同的专业技术水平――初级水平、中级水平和高级水平的学生。每一部分为你提供了专门的任务和目标,从而帮助你的自由设计工作能够顺利进行,同时让你在一开始的专业工作中就能从大堆的项目和客户中获得经验,并且在完成学业后做好准备去开始全职的平面设计工作。

通过网上可用的样品形式(发票、证明审批表、任务夹等)和175张彩色图片,以及学生创作的有偿工作的作品,本书将帮助你自信满满地行走在自由设计职业的世界中。

Author Description

本·汉南(Ben Hannam)是弗吉尼亚理工大学视觉沟通设计项目的副教授,也是设计公司Accomplish Studio,LLC的创立者。他的平面设计作品和教学获得了很多奖项,并且在国际上发表了关于平面设计自由职业、平面设计教学方法和体验式学习环境等主题的演讲。


Catalogue

前?言 ix
致?谢 xiii

概?述
1.引?言 1
填补学校教育的空白 2
什么是自由职业? 4
不要等到毕业后才开始 4
关于本书 6

2.为什么要做自由职业? 9
平衡创新与商业的关系 9
逃避项目模式心态 10
为金钱而工作 18
物物交换工作 23
提升你的作品集 24
从失败中学习 26
体验拥有企业的兴奋感 27

3.规划你的业务 29
撰写商业计划书 29
进行SWOT分析 30
确定外部因素 39

4.我写好了商业计划书,那么现在该做什么? 43
给你的公司起个好名字 43
咨询注册会计师,并填写好你的有限责任公司的相关资料 48
申请雇主识别号码 50
开一个企业支票账户 52
办理营业执照 53


初级水平阶段
5.凡事都有第一次 55
初级水平的自由设计师的目标 55
设备采购 56
如何找到你的第一个客户? 60
你应该做什么类型的设计工作? 61
撰写合同 68
了解合同内容 70
满足你的客户 76
构思创意,画出草图 78
给客户展示你的创意 82
提供你的证明表 83
交付最终产品 86
邮寄发票 88
打沫,冲洗,再来一遍 88


中级水平阶段
6 蓄势待发 91
中级水平的自由设计师的目标 91
设备采购 92
如何寻找客户? 96
你适合做什么样的设计工作? 109
建立一个内部工作流程系统 116
创建一个主要客户名单表 116
创建一个主要工作跟踪表 117
跟踪你的工作 118
将你的作品进行归档 120
创建名片 123
与供应商合作 127
时间管理 130
记录你的工作过程 131
找一个实习岗位 137
道德方面的考虑 138


高级水平阶段
7 放飞你的翅膀 145
高级水平的自由设计师的目标 145
设备采购 146
你应该合作的客户类型 151
为你的公司创建一个网页形象 156
大学毕业后的计划 158
为工作量身定制作品集 159
选择合适的作品集作品 165
创建一个月度预算表 172
创建一个PDF格式的作品集 173
提交PDF版本的作品集 175
在感兴趣的信件中写什么内容 176


获得工作
8 继续前行 181
找一份工作 181
写简历 182
为面试做准备 191
谈判报价 200
专家提示 202

结?语
9 结?语 213
总结你的经验 213

参考资料 217

Introduction

前?言


过去4年来,我一直要求来听我的“平面设计概论”课的学生与客户合作,自由从事一份有薪酬的工作。我就是那种招人烦的老师之一,我喜欢看到学生完成他们本以为自己不能完成的事情,喜欢推动学生去不断超越自己,而不是要他们安于现状,安逸舒适。


当我在弗吉尼亚联邦大学就读时,我就被我的老师推动去倾尽全力拼搏,虽然有时很痛苦,但那是我成为一名平面设计师并获得巨大成长的阶段。有时我们不得不提醒自己去不断地超越我们的舒适区,因为如果不这样做,我们就很容易变得自满,只会去把握那些很容易获得的机会。至于你是要写你的第一本书,还是要尝试一种新的设计方法,抑或是第一次自由为客户工作,这些都不重要。就当它们是给予你成长的机会。


为了让我们不安于现状,我们有时需要有人从后面轻轻推一把,或者鼓起我们的勇气准备一个良好的开端。就像在温暖的夏日跳进一个冰凉的游泳池,一旦我们调整自己来适应进入冰凉的水里时所感受到的最初的冷颤,我们就能很快适应新的环境。所以作为一名平面设计专业的学生,你首先需要回答的问题是:“你准备好尝试新的东西了吗,还是你打算维持现状?”


这本书是为那些愿意尝试新鲜事物的学生,而且很有兴趣想多学习一些知识并成为一名自由设计师的学生而写的。在这本书中,我一直在试着找到一种平衡:一方面鼓励你超越舒适区,一方面帮助你减少不成功的机会。我的底线是,当我帮你谋划与客户打交道的策略时,你必须拿出你的判断力、动力和工作热情来。因为你的成功很大一部分归功于你愿意为你的自由职业之路付出多大的努力。


当学生们学习与客户合作时,我询问他们的感受如何?班里有50%的学生说他们感到紧张,40%说他们有信心,还有10%说他们对此摇摆不定。奇怪的是,说对此摇摆不定的这部分学生却是我最担心的。与客户合作不能掉以轻心,调查数据中有人感到恐惧这是在预料之中的;同样地,只要学生对自己的能力有信心,就能帮助他们克服优柔寡断的弱点,从而走向成功。而那种“摇摆不定”的心态,我相信是导致不成功的最大绊脚石。


对于那些害怕面对客户的学生,我可以给予鼓励,对于那些打算旗开得胜的学生,我会帮助他们明白在开始行动之前制订计划的重要性,但是我不能使那些一开始就犹豫不决的学生突然专注起来。不管我如何努力,我也无法推动一根绳子。但是我肯定可以用一根绳子来驾驭积极进取的学生。如果不能自我激励,你就会淹死在水中。


成为一名自由设计师很可能不像大家想象的那样令人不快。当我在课堂上做民意调查时,我想看看我是否可以继续要求学生们与客户合作,90%的学生说“没问题”!没有一个人回答“不”。这个反应明显说明我的学生们很重视这个经历,但是他们的回答肯定不能意味着他们的经历会一帆风顺。事实上,80%的学生描述与客户的合作时认为“有时成问题,但总体很OK”,我认为设计行业普遍都这样。我工作过的项目中很少一点障碍都没碰到过的。因为学生能获得更多的工作经验,他们就会意识到有时他们需要坚定,有时他们需要包容,有时他们需要接受约束,有时他们需要打破常规。可能最难的一课是学会何时该争取,何时该放弃。


如果没有实际与客户合作过,那么你将很难建立一种灵敏度,去察觉你何时需要坚守你的原则,何时你必须灵活变通。设计师与客户之间微妙的关系根本不可能在大学的象牙塔里学到。但大学会给学生们提供冒险的自由,并让不良的影响降至最低,所以你可以在这里从与客户打交道的第一手经验中学到很多。商业活动是讲关系的,而商业关系很难在大学里产生并保持原汁原味。要明白学校和设计公司有不同的目标,这一点非常重要。学校的目的可能是使学生接受知识,而设计公司的目标是赚取利润。当组织之间有不同的目标时,他们就会采取不同的方式来达到他们的目标,这并不少见——这就是为何大学和行业有差距的原因所在。


很多平面设计课程尝试要求学生完成实习或者通过上专业操作课来弥补这个差距。这些都是极好的机会,你们应该很好地利用起来,但是当你从事自由工作时,你就要把自己当作一名专业人员来对待,你必须在行动之前权衡风险与报酬。如果事情超出你的能力范围,将没有安全网,没有学术保护伞,没有“Command+Z”按钮来按——成功与否,全在于你自己。这里有很多人你可以去向他们征询意见,但决定权在你自己。如果你做出了正确的决定,那么你就会获得回报,但如果你的决定是错误的,那么你就要接受后果。而在学术界的围墙里面是很难创造出这种类型的经历机会的。


我曾经做过设计顾问、创意总监、平面设计师、小公司老板和教育者。我雇用过并开除过实习生、平面设计师、插图师、文案作者、摄影师和电脑编程人员,而我明白我作为老师对你们的期望和我作为企业老板对你们的期望是有很大区别的。选择从事自由设计工作后,你就能帮助自己弥补大学里所学的知识和你的专业经历之间的差距,了解到更多关于大学和设计界之间一些脱节的地方,从而在这个过程中使自己逐渐成长为一名优秀的设计师。


我希望你能在大学和自由设计的努力中都取得成功,因为这两者都能帮助你更好地了解设计界。我尝试着写出这种类型的书来,我希望当我还是一个大学生时就已阅读了这样的书,令人鼓舞又有现实目标的书。当我漫步在城市周围,看到我自由设计的作品出现在餐馆里和当地商业场所时,我的自豪感就会油然而生。所以我希望你们自己也能体验到这种成就感。


我跟我的学生们说,一旦他们与客户合作一次,那么他们也就能与客户再次合作。通过每一次与客户的合作(哪怕是失败的合作),他们都能从中学到更多设计界的东西——更多地了解他们自身。毫无疑问,这些经验在你身上也能起到同样的效果。祝你好运!



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