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Jingdong book

格式塔心理学原理（上下）

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Jingdong book

格式塔心理学原理（上下）

Name: 格式塔心理学原理（上下）
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3116006191
Price: 23.85 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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本商品封面图片为单册，套装图片请以实物为准！
《格式塔心理学原理（上下）》的目的已在导论部分和最后一章阐释了。因此，前言可以简洁一些。作者在经历了五年的纯研究工作以后，意欲对此作一概括，于是构想了以格式塔心理学（gestalt psychology）为主题的著作编写计划。对作者来说，如果作者想以著作形式来表达作者的观点，那么最好的方式是使作者的知识系统化。当作者开始撰写第一章时，最后的结果如何，作者心里仍然十分茫然。作者只希望，作者能够写出这样一部著作，它对广大读者而非训练有素的心理学家有感召力，与此同时，为更多的专业读者提供一些饶有兴趣的具体素材。对于作者来说，以及对于作者的一些朋友来说，作者想通过撰写一部其观点介于苛勒（Kohler）的《格式塔心理学》（Gestalt Psychology）和通俗教科书之间的著作，来系统阐释作者的上述想法。作者担心，这一想法的结果是，《格式塔心理学原理（上下）》既未感召普通读者，又未满足专业读者的需求。

Content Description

在《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》作者的最初计划里，作者打算尽作者所能系统地表述心理学。为此，作者坚持一种主张，该主张对有些读者来说似乎显得有点迂腐。作者所谓的主张并非意指完整性，而是意指一致性。作者想表明这些问题之间的相互关系，提供可能的解决办法，以及揭示这些解决办法留下的欠缺等等，把顺序（order）引入由现代心理学所发现的大量事实。作者意欲表达的心理学体系不是一种已经完成了的体系，而是一种正在构建的体系，一种处于生长状态的体系。根据这一观点，作者划分领域，选择材料。作者的陈述尽管冗长，但仍省略了大量的事实，它们中有许多肯定是具有重大意义的。虽然每一个选择在某种程度上是任意的，并有赖于选择者，但是某种选择仍是必要的。作者试图根据材料对作者的计划所作的贡献来选择作者所需要的材料。作者收集了大量的格式塔文献，它们对作者的系统化概念具有指导意义。”在重温这部著作时，作者发现有些部分比另一些部分难度更大。这种情况在第六章阐述知觉恒常性（perccptual constancies）时表现得尤为突出。这些恒常性包含了当今实验研究中的大多数问题，而且，根据作者的观点，它们体现了引导《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》概念的力量。但是，它们的讨论对于整个体系的发展并非绝对基本的。对此不感兴趣的读者可以跳过第六章，但不要因此而中断一般论点的思路。
在说了作者撰写《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》的意图以后，作者还想就其本身并不意指什么的问题再解释几句。《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》并不希望成为一种教义，它为读者提供的是一种可以广泛应用的理论，对读者来说，应该判断这种理论是否有效。倘若把这部著作视为“格式塔理论的权威性描述”，那将是错误的，因为《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》压根儿没有这样的东西。任何一位心理学家都无法超越他的愿望，作者也一样。一般的理论和所有的事实对每个人来说都是可用的。存在的并非是能为作者和所谓的“格式塔学派”（gestalt school）其他成员提供特殊地位的“指导的秘诀”。因此，《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》不仅可被视作是一种“格式塔心理学”，而且可被视作是一种心理学。
此外，除了贯穿《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》并在最后一章详加提及的完全不带个人色彩的论争之外，《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》并非一部爱争论的著作。自然，为了就某种现象构建一种解释，就不该考虑其他的解释。在《格式塔心理学原理(上下)》的许多地方，这样的解释已由作者通过为它们提供最大的有理性而以构建的形式提出。然而，在这样做的时候，作者也出于权宜之计而引证了个别作者的一些观点。当然，凡出现这种情况的场合，作者像那些被作者引证的作者一样，目的不在于带有个人情绪色彩的论辩。作者选择作者的对立观点，是鉴于它们的贡献；无视它们的论点对作者来说似乎是不公平的，作者对这些观点的批评有助于作者提出作者自己的假设。

Author Description

科夫卡（1886～1941）
Koffka，Kurt
德裔美国心理学家。格式塔心理学的代表人物之一。1886年3月18日生于柏林。1909年获柏林大学哲学博士学位。1912年与W.克勒、M.韦特海默一起创立格式塔心理学派。自1924年起，曾先后在美国康奈尔大学、芝加哥大学和威斯康星大学任教。科夫卡最早向美国心理学界介绍了格式塔心理学，对格式塔心理学的对象、方法等问题作了详尽的阐明。将格式塔的原理广泛地运用于心理学的各个领域。著有《心智的发展》、《格式塔心理学》、《格式塔心理学原理》等。

Catalogue

格式塔心理学原理：上册
“20世纪心理学通览”序
中文版序
前言
第一章心理学是为什么的？
第二章行为和行为场——心理学的任务
第三章环境场——问题；对错误的解决办法的拒斥；对正确的解决办法的一般阐述
第四章环境场——视觉组织及其定律
第五章环境场——图形和背景格局
第六章环境场——恒常性
第七章环境场——三维空间和运动
第八章活动——反射；自我；执行者
格式塔心理学原理：下册
第九章活动——调节的行为、态度、情绪和意志
第十章记忆——痕迹理论的基础：理论部分
第十一章记忆——痕迹理论的根据：实验部分和理论构建
第十二章学习和其他一些记忆功能（Ⅰ）
第十三章学习和其他一些记忆功能（Ⅱ）
第十四章社会和人格
第十五章结论
主题索引

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