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成人高等教育护理学专业教材:护理研究

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《护理研究》编排新颖,版式紧凑,层次清晰,结构合理。每章由三大部分组成:第一部分是导学,告知学生本章需要掌握的内容和重点难点,以方便教师教学和学生有目的地学习相关内容;第二部分是具体教学内容,力求体现科学性、适用性和易读性的特点;第三部分是复习题,便于学生课后复习,其中选择题和判断题的参考答案附于书后。
Catalogue

第一章 绪论/1
第一节 护理研究的基本概念/2
一、科学的概念/2
二、护理研究的概念/2
第二节 护理研究的发展概况/2
一、国外护理研究的发展概况/2
二、国内护理研究的发展概况/4
第三节 护理研究的发展趋势/5
一、研究范围/5
二、研究规模和方法/5
三、多学科和多专业协作/5

第二章 护理研究中的伦理原则/8
第一节 遵循伦理原则的必要性/9
一、保护人类权利的需要/9
二、避免伤害研究对象的需要/9
三、国际科研合作与交流的需要/9
第二节 有关人体实验的伦理规范/10
一、纽伦堡法典/10
二、赫尔辛基宣言/11
第三节 护理研究中的伦理原则/11
一、有益的原则/12
二、尊重人尊严的原则/13
三、公正的原则/14
四、知情同意/15
五、其他伦理准则/17
第四节 医学研究中伦理问题的监督机制/17
一、伦理审查委员会的工作内容/17
二、伦理审查委员会的人员组成/18
三、国际间护理科研合作的伦理审查与监督/18

第三章 护理研究的基本程序/21
第一节 研究工作的准备/22
一、研究课题的选择/22
二、建立研究假设/25
三、进行科研设计/26
四、其他准备工作/29
第二节 研究资料的收集/30
一、资料收集的基本原则/30
二、资料收集阶段的管理/30
第三节 研究资料的整理与分析/31
一、资料的整理/31
二、资料的分析/34
第四节 研究结果的总结与应用/34
一、研究结果的总结/34
二、研究结果的应用/34

第四章 文献的查询与利用/38
第一节 基本概念/39
一、文献的概念/39
二、文献的类型/39
三、文献检索的基本知识与基本检索
方法/40
第二节 医学文献检索工具及数据库/44
一、医学文献检索工具/44
二、医学文献检索数据库/47
三、网络护理信息资源/54
第三节 提高阅读文献效率的方法/56
一、文献查阅的基本技巧/56
二、积累与记录文献的方法/57
第四节 科技查新咨询/58
一、科技查新咨询的意义/58
二、科技查新咨询的程序/58

第五章 科研设计的内容与方法/6
第一节 量性研究与质性研究/64
一、量性研究/64
二、质性研究/65
第二节 实验性研究、类实验性研究和非实
验性研究/65
一、实验性研究/65
二、类实验性研究/71
三、非实验性研究/73
第三节 抽样方法/77
一、基本概念/77
二、概率抽样/78
三、非概率抽样/82
第四节 偏倚与控制/83
一、基本概念/83
二、选择性偏倚/84
三、信息性偏倚/86
四、混杂性偏倚/87

第六章 资料收集的方法/92
第一节 问卷调查法/93
一、量表/93
二、自设问卷/95
三、问卷调查法收集资料的形式/99
四、问卷调查法的优缺点/100
第二节 访谈法/100
一、基本概念/100
二、访谈法的常见类型/101
三、访谈法的优缺点/102
第三节 观察法/103
一、观察法的分类/103
二、观察者与被观察者的关系/104
三、观察法的优缺点/105
第四节 测量法与档案记录法/105
一、测量法/105
二、档案记录法/106

第七章 研究工具的质量测定/110
第一节 研究工具及工具误差/111
一、研究工具的特点/111
二、研究工具的误差/111
第二节 研究工具的信度/112
一、信度的概念/112
二、信度的测定方法/112
第三节 研究工具的效度/117
一、效度的概念/117
二、效度的测定方法/117
第四节 国外量表的翻译和应用过程的
质量测定/120
一、翻译/120
二、回译/120
三、检测原量表与中文版量表之间的
等同性/121

第八章 科研数据的分析/124
第一节 概述/125
一、统计学中的几个基本概念/125
二、科研资料的类型/127
三、常用的统计学分析方法及选择原则/127
第二节 计量资料常用的统计学分析方法/128
一、统计描述/128
二、统计推断/130
第三节 计数资料常用的统计学分析方法/134
一、统计描述/135
二、统计推断/136
第四节 等级资料常用的统计学分析方法/140
一、统计描述/140
二、统计推断/140
第五节 统计表和统计图/143
一、统计表/143
二、统计图/145
第六节 SPSS统计分析软件的应用/147
一、SPSS软件的安装/147
二、SPSS数据文件的建立/148
三、数据文件的编辑/155
四、数据的统计学分析/159

第九章 护理科研课题申请书和论文的撰写/180
第一节 护理科研课题申请书/181
一、书写格式/181
二、课题申请中的注意事项/186
第二节 护理科研论文/187
一、论文题目、作者署名和单位/187
二、摘要与关键词/188
三、正文部分/190
四、参考文献/197
第三节 护理文献综述/199
一、护理文献综述的分类及特点/199
二、综述的写作步骤/199
三、护理文献综述的书写格式/200
第四节 护理个案研究/204
一、护理个案研究的分类及特点/204
二、护理个案研究的写作步骤/205
三、护理个案研究论文的书写格式/205

第十章 质性研究/213
第一节 概述/213
一、质性研究的概念/213
二、护理质性研究的意义/214
三、质性研究的哲学基础/214
四、质性研究的基本特征/215
五、质性研究的信度与效度/216
六、质性研究资料的收集、整理与分析/218
第二节 护理质性研究中的常用方法/220
一、现象学研究法/220
二、扎根理论研究法/222
三、人种学研究法/224
参考答案/229
参考文献/231
Book Abstract

护理研究可以分为基础性研究和应用性研究,目前大部分护理研究内容着重于应用性研究,但基础性研究也在逐渐得到开展,如通过实验室的动物实验或分子实验来探讨某些护理问题的发生机制以及某些护理措施有效性的作用原理等。总之,凡是与护理工作有关的领域,如促进健康、预防疾病、协助康复和减轻痛苦等方面的问题,都属于护理研究的范畴。在21世纪,健康保健的研究和资助重点将从疾病的治疗扩展到健康促进和疾病预防干预,护士将在探讨和开展有关个体、家庭和社区如何促进健康、预防疾病的有效措施上发挥重要的作用。因此,在未来的发展中,护理研究的领域将不断扩大。
一、研究范围护理研究的范围将越来越广阔。研究者要注意时代的发展以及现在和未来的护理工作重点,使研究课题能与客观发展相配合,从而使研究更加有价值。如近年来国际护理界对妇幼卫生、健康促进和疾病预防、慢性病管理及长期照顾、照护的经济效益、症状管理、临床新技术的应用、终末期患者的护理、医护资源分配不平衡的问题,以及不同文化背景下护理模式的探讨等相关研究课题非常关注。另外,随着社会的发展、人口老龄化和工作压力增加等问题的出现,使老年人的照顾问题和心理健康等问题逐渐突出,需要护理研究工作的开展。同时,随着社会的发展、科技的进步,以及疾病谱的变化等,护理教育如何在其教育内容和教学方法上更好地满足当今社会的发展需求,也是需要护理研究人员进行深入探讨的课题。总之,这些领域都需要护理研究工作,通过开展研究使得护理人员对这些问题有深入地了解和制定相应的护理措施或者政策等,为提高护理工作质量和真正为人类健康服务起到作用。
Introduction

近年来,随着护理学专业的迅速发展,全日制护理学专业教材建设得到了长足的进步,教材体系日益完善,品种迅速增多,质量逐渐提高。然而,针对成人高等教育护理学专业,能够充分体现以教师为主导、以学生为主体,方便学生自学的教材,可供选择的并不多。根据教育部《关于普通高等教育教材建设与改革的意见》的精神,为了进一步提高成人高等教育护理学专业教材的质量,更好地把握21世纪成人高等教育护理学内容和课程体系的改革方向,以中国医科大学为主,聘请北京大学、复旦大学、中山大学和沈阳医学院等单位的专家编写本套教材,由上海科学技术出版社出版。
本套教材编排新颖,版式紧凑,层次清晰,结构合理。每章由三大部分组成:第一部分是导学,告知学生本章需要掌握的内容和重点难点,以方便教师教学和学生有目的地学习相关内容;第二部分是具体教学内容,力求体现科学性、适用性和易读性的特点;第三部分是复习题,便于学生课后复习,其中选择题和判断题的参考答案附于书后。
本套教材的使用对象主要为护理学专业的高起本、高起专和专升本三个层次的学生。其中,对高起本和专升本层次的学习要求相同,对高起专层次的学习要求在每章导学部分予以说明。本套教材中的一些基础课程也适用于其他相关医学专业。

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Jingdong book