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Jingdong book

黑格尔著作集3:精神现象学

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Books Philosophy / Religion Western philosophy

Jingdong book

黑格尔著作集3:精神现象学

Name: 黑格尔著作集3:精神现象学
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3123000701
Price: 46.14 USD
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《黑格尔著作集3：精神现象学》稿分为三个部分:一是意识：考察个人意识发展的历程，相当于精神哲学中的主观精神。“意识”是个人意识发展的最初阶段，它又分为感性确定性、知觉和知性三个小阶段。二是自我意识。《精神现象学》中意识向绝对知识的全部发展都建立在自我意识“异化”为对象和“扬弃”对象，即扬弃“异化”的辩证运动上。从“自我意识”直到“理性”，个人意识的发展明显地重演人类意识的发展阶段，出现了一系列社会意识形态。三是理性、精神、宗教和绝对知识。考察社会历史的发展阶段和与之紧密相连的社会意识形态，以及考察对无限本身的认识，相当于绝对精神。在这个阶段，意识回顾已经走过的阶段。扬弃它们，使之成为自己的构成环节，经过艺术、宗教而在哲学中达到绝对知识。

Catalogue

序言（论科学的认识活动）
概念是真相的要素，科学体系是真相的真实形态
精神当前所处的立场
原则不等于完满，反对形式主义
绝对者是主体
主体是什么
知识的要素
知识的进步和提升就是精神现象学
表象和常识转化为思想
表象和常识转化为概念
在何种意义上，可以说精神现象学是否定的（亦即包含着谬误）
历史真理和数学真理
哲学真理的本性及其方法
反对一种模式化的形式主义
对于哲学研究提出的要求
推理式思维及其否定表现
推理式思维的肯定表现，它的主体
自然的哲学思考作为健全人类知性和天才灵感
结语，作者与公众的关系
导论
第一部分意识
第一章感性确定性，或“这一个”和意谓
第二章知觉，或物与错觉
第三章力与知性，现象和超感性世界
第二部分自我意识
第四章自身确定性的真理
A．自我意识的独立性和非独立性主人与奴隶
B．自我意识的自由
斯多亚主义
怀疑主义
哀怨意识
第三部分（AA）理性
第五章理性的确定性和真理
A．从事观察的理性
a．观察自然界
一般意义上的描述
特征
规律
观察有机体
有机体与无机物之间的关联
目的论
内核和外观
内核
内核的纯粹环节的规律，感受性规律等等
内核及其外观
内核和作为形态的外观
外观本身就是内核和外观，换言之，无机物获得有机体的理念
从这个方面来看有机体，有机体的类、种和个体性
b．观察纯粹的以及与外部现实性相关联的自我意识逻辑规律与心理规律
c．观察自我意识与它的直接现实性之间的关联面相学与颅相学

第三部分（BB）精神
第三部分（CC）宗教
第三部分（DD）绝对知识

Book Abstract

只有从一个环节出发来看，自我意识的行动才是一种欲望行动。它想要消灭的不是整个客观本质，而仅仅是客观本质的“他者存在”或“独立性”等形式，因为这个形式是一个缺乏本质的假象。自在地看来，客观本质和自我意识是同一个东西，或者说它是自我意识的一种独立自主性。欲望和它的对象彼此漠不相关，独立地存在着——这种情况的因素是一个活生生的实存。当欲望以一个活生生的实存为对象，它的享受就会扬弃这个实存。但在这里，那个使得欲望及其对象成为一种孤立的现实性的因素，其实是范畴，而这种存在在本质上是一个表象。因此这是一个以独立性为对象的意识——不管它仅仅是一个自然的意识，还是一个已经发展为规律体系的意识——，是每一个个体都各自保有的一个意识。自在地看来，这个分裂并没有成为自我意识的一个对象，但自我意识知道别的意识是它自己固有的独立自主性。于是它享受到了快乐，意识到自己是通过另一个独立显现的意识而得以实现的，换言之，它直观到了两个独立的自我意识的统一。它达到了自己的目的，但却恰恰在这个过程中经验到了目的的真理。它从概念上认识到自己是这一个个别的自为存在着的本质，然而实现目的就意味着扬弃目的，因为它发现，自己作为对象并不是这一个个别意识，而是它与另一个自我意识的统一。就此而言，它发现自己是一个遭到扬弃的个别意识，或者说它发现自己是一个普遍的意识。
享受到的快乐既有一个肯定的意义（即认识到自己已经转变为一个客观的自我意识），也有一个否定的意义（即它已经扬弃了自己）。由于自我意识仅仅在那个肯定的意义上来理解它的实现过程，所以它发现自己的经验是一个矛盾，也就是说，它的个别性所达到的现实性却被一个否定的本质消灭了，后者虽然相比之下是一种缺乏现实性的、空洞的东西，但却具有将其吞噬的力量。无论个体性自在地看来是什么，它的概念都只能是这样一个否定的本质。但是个体性仅仅是那个自我实现着的精神的一个最贫乏的形态。
……

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