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互联网计算的原理与实践:探索网格、云和Web X.0背后的本质问题和关键技术

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互联网计算的原理与实践:探索网格、云和Web X.0背后的本质问题和关键技术

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《互联网计算的原理与实践:探索网格、云和Web X.0背后的本质问题和关键技术》在自编研究生教材的基础上,结合中国科学院计算技术研究所服务计算研究团队的VINCA互联网服务集成套件的设计、实现和应用相关的具体实践,归纳各类互联网计算模式,总结互联网计算的特点和原理,澄清和探索网格、云和Web X.0背后的本质问题、发展规律、基础理论和核心技术。
《互联网计算的原理与实践:探索网格、云和Web X.0背后的本质问题和关键技术》读者对象包括:分布系统、软件工程、网络计算、互联网服务、互联网应用、中间件与软件集成等相关方向的研究生和教师;想更新知识和跟上IT进步,透过网格计算、云系统、Web X.0、SaaS和SOA等热点概念深入了解本质问题和基本原理的业界专业人士;从事与互联网计算和互联网应用集成的行业信息化专业相关的人员和管理者。
Comments

建立网络化信息处理基础设施是云计算等新兴计算模式的本质追求,这有利于社会分工专业化、提高资源利用率和降低成本。然而,在互联网乃至物联网《互联网向物理世界的延伸》、上建立基础设施并在其基础上做计算,颠覆了许多传统的信息处理理论和技术的基本假设。这本书很好地总结和归纳了互联网计算相关的问题、原理和核心技术,对我们认识和利用新兴互联网计算会有所帮助。
——高庆狮院士
市面上关于互联网的书籍很多,但多数是介绍产品工具的具体技术。目前研究生采用的有关互联网计算的参考书大多是跨国大公司产品白皮书的汇集,缺少对科学问题与基本原理的归纳,很难找到一本从原理和共性规律的角度阐述互联网计算核心技术的参考书。中国科学院计算技术研究所韩燕波研究员结合多年科研与互联网应用实践的体会,在自编研究生教材的基础上,撰写出版了这本《互联网计算的原理与实践——探索网格,云和WebX,0背后的本质问题和关键技术》,在一定程度上弥补了这一缺陷,对澄清和阐述网格、云服务等互联网计算背后的本质问题和关键技术是一次有价值的探索。
——李国杰院士
Catalogue


前言
第一篇 基础篇
第一章 互联网计算概述
1.1 引言
1.2 互联网发展梗概
1.3 互联网计算和互联网分布式系统
1.3.1 互联网计算和互联网分布式系统的概念
1.3.2 互联网分布式系统的核心要素
1.3.3 互联网分布式系统的分类
1.4 典型互联网分布式系统
1.4.1 网格计算系统
1.4.2 面向服务的EAI系统
1.4.3 云计算系统
1.4.4 社会计算系统
1.4.5 互联网内容服务系统
1.4.6 分析和比较
1.5 互联网分布式系统的主要特征
1.5.1 支持资源的跨域共享与集成
1.5.2 满足大规模多样化的用户需求
1.5.3 以面向服务为基本范型
1.5.4 采用软件即服务的部署、运营和使用模式
1.5.5 支持开放环境下的可伸缩性
1.5.6 支持开放环境下的可用性与可靠性
1.5.7 可在线演化与动态优化
1.6 互联网分布式系统的发展路线
1.7 本章小结

第二章 互联网计算相关基础
2.1 引言
2.2 软件工程与互联网计算
2.2.1 软件编程范型
2.2.2 软件生命周期
2.2.3 软件体系结构
2.3 分布式系统与互联网计算
2.3.1 分布式系统体系结构
2.3.2 远程对象和远程调用
2.3.3 资源命名
2.3.4 消息和通信
2.3.5 同步和分布式事务
2.3.6 复制和一致性
2.3.7 安全
2.4 应用集成与互联网计算
2.4.1 数据集成、流程集成与界面集成
2.4.2 服务集成及面向服务体系结构(SOA)基础
2.4.3 应用集成中间件
2.5 万维网工程与互联网计算
2.5.1 万维网的起源
2.5.2 万维网基本原理
2.5.3 Web 2.0:利用群体智能的万维网
2.5.4 语义网:智能化的万维网
2.6 本章小结

第二篇 原理篇
第三章 互联网分布式系统的体系结构
3.1 引言
3.2 网格和云计算系统的体系结构分析
3.3 社会基础设施对分布式系统体系结构演化的影响
3.4 分布式系统体系结构的演化趋势
3.5 互联网分布式系统的CSI参考体系结构
3.6 CSI典型实例分析
3.6.1 Google AppEngine:Google的云计算平台
3.6.2 Eucalyptus:开源的云计算平台
3.6.3 Windows Azure:微软的云计算平台
3.7 本章小结

第四章 互联网分布式系统的数据资源存储与管理
4.1 引言
4.2 分布式key/value数据存储与管理系统
4.2.1 基础数据结构及数据访问
4.2.2 数据划分
4.2.3 复制和一致性保障
4.2.4 可用性保障
4.3 支持多租户的数据库
4.3.1 数据共享的三种方式
4.3.2 共享表方式下的多租户数据模型
4.3.3 几种数据模型的比较
4.4 基于MapReducc并行编程的海量数据处理
4.4.1 计算模型
4.4.2 实现原理
4.5 典型实例分析
4.5.1 Dynamo:高可用的分布式key/value数据存储与管理系统
4.5.2 Cassandra:开源的高可伸缩分布式key/value数据存储与管理系统
4.5.3 Force:支持多租户的数据库系统
4.5.4 Hadoop:MapReduce的开源实现
4.6 本章小结

第五章 服务资源的建模、虚拟化、组合、管理及监控
5.1 引言
5.2 服务和服务计算
5.3 服务模型
5.3.1 基本概念
5.3.2 汀服务模型
5.3.3 业务服务模型
5.3.4 REST服务
5.3.5 REST服务和SOAP服务应用实例
5.4 服务虚拟化
5.4.1 服务虚拟化的目标与原理
5.4.2 需求分析与业务服务建模
5.4.3 IT服务建模
5.4.4 聚合过程
5.5 服务组合
5.5.1 基于服务组合的互联网应用
5.5.2 服务组合编程范型
5.5.3 IT人员主导的服务组合
5.5.4 最终用户主导的服务组合
5.6 服务管理和监控
5.6.1 服务元数据管理
5.6.2 服务监控
5.6.3 服务质量保障
5.7 本章小结

第六章 XaaS模式的第三方运营与优化
6.1 引言
6.2 基本概念
6.2.1 XaaS模式下应用软件的运营模式分类
6.2.2 XaaS模式概念模型和软件生命周期
6.2.3 XaaS模式下应用软件的体系结构
6.3 XaaS模式第三方运营与优化的基本特征
6.3.1 多租户
6.3.2 多租户的资源共享和优化
6.3.3 可伸缩性
6.3.4 可用性与可靠性
6.3.5 可配置能力
6.4 典型实例分析
6.4.1 AppEngine基本原理
6.4.2 AppEngine应用程序的开发环境和部署过程
6.4.3 AppEngine的实现
6.5 本章小结

第七章 互联网分布式系统的安全和信任
7.1 引言
7.2 概述
7.3 XaaS模式下的用户认证与授权机制
7.4 云计算环境中的私有数据保护
7.5 本章小结

第八章 VINCA互联网服务集成方法
8.1 引言
8.2 VINCA体系结构和基本原理
8.3 业务级服务抽象与管控
8.3.1 VINCA业务服务
8.3.2 领域相关的服务社区定制
8.3.3 基于服务协作网络的服务监控
8.4 最终用户服务编程
8.4.1 探索式服务组合
8.4.2 基于业务服务的业务流程建模
8.4.3 基于嵌套表格的Mash叩应用构造
8.5 基于多引擎架构的应用托管与运行优化
8.6 本章小结

第九章 VINCA软件及应用
9.1 引言
9.2 VINCA服务社区管理器
9.3 VINCA服务编程工具
9.4 VINCA托管运行环境
9.5 VINCA应用示例
9.5.1 区域医疗信息化及区域医疗信息共享与协作
9.5.2 基于VINCA的区域医疗信息共享及协作
9.5.3 区域医疗信息共享与协作平台搭建及应用实现
9.6 本章小结
参考文献
Book Abstract

(1)用户端呈现出“按需使用;泛在应用、最终用户编程”的趋势,终端设备大大丰富,用户通过各种终端设备之上的瘦客户端、胖客户端、富客户端等来按需使用后端资源,一些应用处理逻辑可在用户端由不掌握专业编程知识的最终用户通过定制或配置等最终用户编程的手段来完成,从而构造满足自己需求的个性化应用。
(2)应用开发人员在构造应用时,使用的基本构造元素是“不为所有、但为所用”的服务,通过服务的按需聚合、组合、编排和定制化开发来进行。
(3)对资源进行逻辑一体化的分布式文件系统、分布式计算环境、分布式存储、中间件等构成了网络化系统软件,应用软件的开发、部署和托管运营环境用来支撑第三方托管应用的运行和维护。网络化系统软件和应用软件开发、部署以及托管运营软件作为支撑其他各种应用系统的基础,在这里被视为基础设施软件。第三方托管应用的运行和维护不再需要应用系统开发者和所有者的参与,而是由基础设施运维人员负责。
从图1.3中可以看出,随着互联网的发展,互联网环境下的软件有两个显著的变化。首先,软件的社会化分工更加细致,应用软件开始支持以托管的方式运行和维护,软件的定制、开发与软件的运行维护逐渐分离,由不同的角色来承担。基础设施软件所包含的功能越发复杂和强大,对程序员来说,越来越多的复杂底层细节对程序员隐藏,应用系统的定制、开发越来越方便。其次,基础设施层出现的另一个变化是应用软件的开发、部署和托管运行环境的出现。这些变化在体系结构、构造方法和资源优化利用机制等方面都对计算机系统提出了新的挑战性问题。
Introduction

互联网可能是人类在20世纪做出的对21世纪影响最大的发明。开放、自治、动态变化是互联网的主要特征,这些特征使得互联网计算与传统的分布式计算有着本质的不同。互联网软件与传统软件也有明显区别,互联网软件既要像桌面软件一样方便易用,满足多样化的个性需求和适应动态负载与可扩展性的要求,还要有效利用分散、自治、异构的网络资源,支持跨管理域的系统集成。
历史上并没有人设计今天的互联网,互联网是自己演化涌现形成的。近20年来,互联网的新技术和新应用层出不穷,令人眼花缭乱。每年都会出现一些与互联网有关的新概念,如WebX.O、SOA、SaaS、网格和云计算等,知识的总结赶不上技术的进步。技术工作者疲于接纳不断冒出的新名词,往往知其然而不知其所以然。一个成熟的网络应用技术人员应该对网络有深刻的理解,不仅要理解当前的网络,而且要理解网络的演化规律。
市面上关于互联网的书籍很多,但多数是介绍产品工具的具体技术。目前,研究生采用的有关互联网计算的参考书大多是跨国大公司产品白皮书的汇集,缺少对科学问题与基本原理的归纳,很难找到一本从原理和共性规律的角度阐述互联网计算核心技术的参考书。中国科学院计算技术研究所韩燕波研究员以及其他几位作者结合多年科研与互联网应用实践的体会,在自编研究生教材的基础上,撰写了这本《互联网计算的原理与实践——探索网格、云和WebX.0背后的本质问题和关键技术》,在一定程度上弥补了这一缺陷,对澄清和阐述网格、云服务等互联网计算背后的本质问题和关键技术是一次有价值的探索。

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Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book