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Jingdong book

法语姓名译名手册

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Books Language Learning French

Jingdong book

法语姓名译名手册

Name: 法语姓名译名手册
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3104040461
Price: 25.40 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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一、本手册汇集了法语姓氏、教名约9万条，适用于翻译操法语的国家、民族（如：加拿大、瑞士、比利时等国操法语的民族）的姓名时使用。
二、本手册中的姓氏、教名不分类别，概按拉丁字母顺序混合排列。使用时，依次检索人名各段译名。人名各段译名间用“·”隔开。如遇复姓和复名时，两个组成部分之间用“－”连接。如：皮埃尔·孟戴斯－弗朗斯（PierreMendès—France），“孟戴斯—弗朗斯”是复姓。
三、当今操法语国家的民族构成复杂，如法国，除少数民族外，还有不少外国移民加入了当地的国籍，这些人中有的已在所在国各领域占有较重要地位，他们的名字常在新闻媒体中出现，本手册酌量收集了部分此类外来语姓名。有关这些姓名的汉语译文，本手册尽量参照人名辞书和发音词典上的标音资料。对于没有语音资料，民族特征又明显者，按原民族语音译，其他则按法语一般发音规则处理。
四、凡在我国已有通用译名的姓名或本人具有自选汉字姓名者，按约定俗成原则处理。例如，“V01taire”，“Ampère”分别译为“伏尔泰”、“安培”。
五、现代法国人的姓名由姓氏和名字两部分组成，名在前，姓在后，子承父姓，妻从夫姓。如“弗朗索瓦·密特朗”（FrancoisMitterrand），“弗朗索瓦”是名，“密特朗”是姓。法国人的姓氏分单姓和复姓。单姓是由一个词组成。常用的单姓有：Matin，Bernard，Petit， Dubois，Durand，M0reau，Michel，Richard等。
复姓由两个词组成，组成部分之间用“－”连接。孟戴斯－弗朗斯（Mendès－France）、沙邦－戴尔马（chaban－Delmas）、布尔热－莫努里（Bourges－Maunoury）等都是复姓。复姓的形成情况不一，概括起来主要有三种：（1）父姓十母姓；（2）承袭父辈的复姓；（3）女子婚后用夫姓十娘家姓。部分法国人姓氏前带有介词de（德），如“顾夫·德姆维尔”（CouvedeMurville）。最初，带介词de的姓氏仅源于拥有封地或领地的封建贵族世家，因而它是贵族出身的标志。后来，在贵族领地上生活的佃农或平民也仿效贵族，把采邑作为自己的姓氏。因此，de逐渐失去原来的含义。要判定一个人是否出身贵族家庭，要从其家史考证，绝不能简单地从带介词de上下结论。法国人大都用单名，但节数多少不等。一般情况下，具有多节名字的人，第一节名字是父母起的，第二节是由教父母起的，第三节是已故的某家族成员的名字，用于表示对先辈的怀念。可以单独使用其中的一节，至于使用第一节或第二节，则因人而异，无规律可循。常用名有Jean，Marie，Pierre，Michel，André，Jeanne，Anne，René，Philippe等。部分法国人使用复名。复名与单名的区别是两节之间有连字符连接。如著名哲学家卢梭（Rousseau）的名字“让雅克”（Jean－Jacques）便是一例。构成复名的各部分是一个整体，
开单独使用。女子婚后一般改从夫姓，同时也可保留娘家姓。常见的书写形式有两种：一种是在夫姓和娘家姓之间加née（意为“生于某家”或“娘家姓）。例如叫MarieQueille（玛丽·克耶）的女子嫁给叫LouisCotty（路易·科蒂）的男子后，她的姓名全称是MarieC0ttynéQueille，也可写作MarieCotty。另一种是在夫姓和娘家姓之间加连字符，构成复姓。著名物理学家居里夫人的全名“伊雷娜·约里奥－居里”（IrèneJoli0t－Curie）便是一例。Joliot是其夫FredericJoliot的姓，Curic是其娘家姓。不管那种形式，都必须遵循夫姓在前，娘家姓在后的原则。
六、部分法语辅音在词尾时有发音和不发音两种情况，无规律可循，较难掌握。翻译过程中，我们尽量参照发音工具书上的标音，对无语音资料的，按本手册后面所附《法汉译音表》中的翻译说明和常用后缀表处理。
七、本手册的词条主要来源于我室40年来实际翻译工作中积累的资料。成书过程中还参考了：DictionnaireétymologiquedesN0msdeFamilleetPrén0msdeFrance，Dicti0nnairedela
Pr0n0nciati0nfrancaise，Wh0’sWhoinFrance，DerGrosseDuden，Webster’wBiographical
Dictionary等。

Catalogue

说明
正文：
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附录：
一、常用后缀
二、法汉译音表

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