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Jingdong book

好莱坞怎样谈生意:电影、电视及新媒体的谈判技巧与合同模板(第2版)

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好莱坞怎样谈生意:电影、电视及新媒体的谈判技巧与合同模板(第2版)

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《好莱坞怎样谈生意》全面介绍了好莱坞产业模式的运作,是给电影、电视等娱乐业从业人士的法律指南,也是娱乐法律师进行谈判、签署协议的实用手册。


细致划分导演、编剧、演员等职业权益归属,让谈判条款更有针对性


分类阐释电影、电视剧及真人秀节目,明确业内规范与差异


经典案例辅助分析,凭实战经验传授谈判技巧


附有当下备受关注的11种实用合同范本,迅速掌握交易要点


Content Description

这是一本国内迫切需要借鉴的好莱坞娱乐产业谈判宝典与法务指南。作者介绍了产业链中位居核心地位的机构、组织、协会,再沿版权买卖、聘用协议签署到利润分成的上下游生态逐项解读相关权益及谈判策略。书中大量援引现实案例,并特别在第2版中关注“真人秀”节目和互联网新媒体运作,深入剖析近几年美国影视娱乐产业的热点与权责分配问题。

本书兼具学术性与实用性,每章章末皆提供了协议签署要点。全书最后收录了当下备受关注的11种合同范本,对好莱坞议价方式与奖金条款、版权注册与权益维护也提出了专业建议。希望本书可以成为国内影视娱乐业建立产业规范、树立法律意识、维护版权方及创作者权益的参考。


Author Description

黛娜·阿普尔顿(Dina Appleton),洛杉矶盛智律师事务所娱乐传媒特别法律顾问,为大量娱乐业组织与个人提供法律咨询服务,包括主流影视制片公司、独立制片人、编剧、导演、演员等。

丹尼尔·扬科利维兹(Daniel Yankelevits),索尼公司代理律师,同时担任HBO和新线影业的商务主管,以及比弗利山律师协会娱乐事务和南加大娱乐法务教学大纲研讨会联合主席。

Comments

我们应该学而至今学得不算太好的,是美国这一套法律制度和契约体系。这本书“表面上”是本实用手册,实际上,它可能道破了好莱坞的许多秘密。

—— 吴志攀,北京大学常务副校长、北京大学法学院教授、博士生导师

好莱坞不是一个伏地魔,好莱坞是一所霍格沃茨学校。读到这本书,证实了我的印象。

—— 史航,编剧,策划人

生意人需要懂电影,电影人需要懂生意,这本书让两边都能懂对方。

—— 张小北,著名影评人,编剧,“太空堡垒预告片工作室”联合创始人


Catalogue

推荐序 吴志攀

第一章 简介:好莱坞如何达成交易?

第二章 权利获取协议

第三章 编剧聘用协议

第四章 电视剧编剧/制片人协议

第五章 电影和电视导演协议

第六章 电影制片人

第七章 电影演员协议

第八章 电视演员协议

第九章 线下人员协议

第十章 净利润

第十一章 版权法基础

第十二章 真人秀电视节目

第十三章 数字内容协议

附录一 合同范本

附录二 专有名词表

译后记

出版后记


Book Abstract

第二章 权利获取协议

制片人和制片公司通常发掘现有的文学素材并将其拍成电影、电视剧或者多媒体产品,比如已经创作完成的故事梗概、剧本、舞台剧、杂志上的文章、书籍或电视游戏。在大多数情况下,比起花重金一次性彻底买断版权(literary property),他们更愿意购买作品的“优先购买权”(option)——这相对前者而言更加省钱。这里,“优先购买权”指的是以规定的价格购买版权或者版权中的某一项专门的权利(比如拍成电影、电视或者是在网络传播)的短期使用权,这种权利具有排他性和不可撤销性。这样在权利人享有“优先购买权”期间,其他人就不能获取这个已经被制片人预定的作品。因此,这项权利就使得制片公司或制片人在一定期限内控制了该部作品,利用它着手对作品开展商业活动、挖掘市场价值,而不必花费全价“买断”这部作品的版权。这样,就能减少制片公司或制片人在影视制作前的风险,而且比购买全部作品版权的情况能开发出更多的项目。

其实,不只是制片人,导演和演员也会从各自角度物色他们喜欢的好剧本,用来制作、执导或者主演。一般情况下,剧本的版权所有人(通常是作者)为了自身利益,当然都希望自己的作品被一次性买断,而不是以“优先购买权”的方式购买,因为那样能保证他们立即获得巨大的收益。然而事情不会总像作者想的那样,只有特别受热捧的作品——比如需要招标购买的“待售剧本”(spec script)或者畅销小说——才会被一次性买断,因为这些作品的作者本身就是卖点。当然,如果制作某一个影视剧项目已经板上钉钉,那么制片人或制片公司就会直接买断作品版权了。

2.1 优先购买权/购买协议

2.1.1 优先购买费

在优先购买权交易中第一个需要谈判的点就是费用。这是唯一一笔版权所有人能确保收到的费用。如果优先购买权期满后该作品还未拍摄,版权拥有人将收回作品的版权,同时保有已收取的优先购买费(option fee)。优先购买费,并没有一个标准,而是取决于交易双方的谈判。通常,优先购买费是正常买断版权价格的10%左右。有些情况下,版权拥有人可能愿意将作品免费赠予对方,而不收取任何费用。单纯从技术上来说,作者把作品赠送给制片人,是因为制片人承诺“可以将作品打造成可行的电影项目”(比如确保投资、找来有票房号召力的演员,以及对其作品的后续开发)和“其他好处和对价(consideration)”。同时为了使协议在合同法下行之有效,双方都必须给予对方一些形式上的对价(比如一些有价值的东西,无论是金钱还是其他)。这样,一些“免费”的授权协议会象征性地规定收取1美元的费用。这种免费赠予的优先购买权,通常是由创作者授予独立制片人,或者没有资源联系大制作公司,但对作品十分有热情的“友人”;其他情况下,如果没有买家对作品感兴趣,作者也可能考虑将优先购买权赠予他人。在和大制片公司的交易中,通常不会出现免费赠予优先购买权的情况,优先购买费会在5000到100,000美元之间,使用期限为12到18个月不等。总之,购买费的价格(或一次买断的价格)会受到下面这些因素的影响:

(1)作品的市场需求(比如是否有其他制作公司也在同时竞购);

(2)作者的名气(比如是否是畅销书作家);

(3)作者和买家的关系(比如他们之前是否认识或有过合作);

(4)买家的资源(比如买家是制片公司还是独立制作人);

(5)购买的许可时间长度(一般是时间越短费用越低);

(6)项目的类型(比如电视节目的费用会比正常时长的电影低)。

2.1.2 授权期限

授权期限是优先购买权的购买人可以行使相关权利(拍摄和购买该作品版权)或处分相关权利的时间,除非买家已和版权所有人协议好有权延长此授权期限;授权期限的长短取决于谈判,一般会从3个月到2年甚至更长时间不等。最普遍的情况下,授权期限会在12到18个月。而免费的授权期限会相对短一些(3到9个月),因为在授权期限内,原版权所有人无法再转让该作品的拍摄权利以获得经济利益。从制片人的角度,授权期限当然是越长越好,这样制片人就能有更多的时间从事营销推广活动以评估该作品改编为电影的可能性,从而实现项目的预期目标,保障收益。相反,所有权人(一般是作者)会希望许可期限越短越好,这样制片人就能尽快作出决定(然后支付作者酬金!);这样,如果授权期限内该作品没有拍摄,所有权人就能去找别的买家了。

2.1.3 授权期限的延长

实践中,版权所有人会给予买家授权期限延长一段时间的权利,买家于期限届满前另行支付一笔费用,将“初始授权期限”(initial option period)延长到“延长授权期限”(extended option period),这样,买家就能继续排他地保留优先购买作品的权利,而不必立即行使该权利(直到买家确定了这部作品会被投入制作)。在一些情况下,买家会有不止一项权利期限得到延长。看看下面的例子:

制片人乔用1000美元购买了编剧简的剧本,授权期限是18个月;

在初始授权期届满之前,简同意乔延长授权期限,多增加12个月,为此乔又支付了1500美元;

在延长授权期限届满之前,简又给了乔选择是否延长“延长授权期限”的权利,即再增加12个月,乔需为此再支付额外的1500美元。

有时候,版权所有人(作者)只在满足某些条件的情况下允许延长授权期限。比如,所有人可以仅在“项目已经启动”的情况下允许延长授权期限的要求(剧本已经开始写了或者艺人已经签约等)。

2.1.4 优先购买费作为买断价格的预付款

另一个谈判要点是,相对直接支付购买来说,作为预付款的优先购买费是否合适。在大多数情况下,制片人会要求至少第一次即初始优先购买费能够作为最终买断价的预付款,因为只有这样选择优先购买权才会比直接买断更合适。

比如说,如果初始的优先购买费是1万美元,直接买断是10万美元,这样制片人只需支付9万美元就可以最终买断并获取版权,原来的优先购买费则被当作了预付款。如果存在一个或者一个以上的“延长优先购买权”,按照行业惯例购买这些权利产生的费用不会成为最终买断价的一部分。基本原理就是,只有初始的优先购买费能当作最终买断价的“预付款”。然而,如果制片人的目的是用买下这项权利的方式不让作品进入市场,而不是为了买它,那么除买断价之外,还必须额外花钱。这样的交易方式让制片人更倾向于拍摄作品,而不是延长优先购买权。严格说来,优先购买权的续费会比一开始的初始优先购买费高一些,原因也是如此。

2.1.5 优先购买权的启动

在享有优先购买权期间,制片人通常可以进行一些一般的项目研发活动,包括准备和提交剧本大纲、创作剧本或者开发以作品为基础的其他表现形式、选择艺人以及融资。但是,在几乎所有的优先购买权协议中,一旦电影开拍,就表示优先购买权开始启动,买断版权也就“迫在眉睫”。

2.1.6 优先购买权的中止和延期

制片人通常会在“优先购买权协议”和“购买协议”中设定标准的中止条款,说明在不可抗力(force majeure)发生的情况下,优先购买权可以中止或者延期(如意想不到的地震、洪水、行业协会罢工等破坏性事件)。在这样的条款下,优先购买权在不可抗力发生期间被冻结起来;当这种情形解除,优先购买权的授权期限就会自动延长相应的冻结时间。版权所有人通常会希望因不可抗力导致的优先购买权延期不超过十二个月,但一些制片人积极地反对,因为真正的不可抗力事件(比如编剧的罢工)一旦发生,影视公司的生意会一直受到妨碍。因此,制片人主张,所有对优先购买权延期的限制都是不公平的。有时候,双方会同意对某种不可抗力情形(比如天气原因)的延期设置一个期限,而其他的情形(比如停工)则不设置期限,这样的方式让双方都退一步,进而达成合议。合同中还包括类似的条款,即如有第三方主张权利的情况发生(比如第三方主张享有所有权),则允许行使优先购买权期限中止和延期。如果这样的请求在两个月内没有解决,所有权人可以请求解除此协议,并要求买方退还已收到的款项。

2.1.7 立项奖金

在某些情况下,通常是当买家免费获取优先购买权或者以相对较低的价格购买时,版权所有人(作者)会要求立项奖金(set-up bonus)。

如果买家是为了拿作品跟制片公司或者投资人签合同,把它开发成电影、电视剧或者网络剧,那么附加奖金就是额外支付的费用。显然,如果购买人是独立制片人,设置奖金通常就合情合理,因为独立制片人总是以低价购买作品的优先购买权,并向版权所有人承诺如果该作品被大公司看上就会支付奖金。制片公司和电视台常常会直接向权利人获取优先购买权,这使得立项奖金无法适用。有时,当制片人同意这样一笔立项奖金时,会要求基于这样的奖金使优先使用权限能够自动延长一段时间。制片人同样也会倾向于把立项奖金作为最终购买价格的预付款,作者则坚持不能。这个问题取决于双方的谈判,最终的情形可能由于个案的不同而差异极大。


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Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book