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Jingdong book

眼科护理手册(第2版)

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眼科护理手册(第2版)

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《眼科护理手册第2版》适合广大护理同仁阅读,尤其是从事眼科专业的护理人员阅读,可作为专业人员日常工作参考的口袋书和工具书。
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《眼科护理手册第2版》是《临床护理指南丛书》之一,主要内容包括眼病患者的护理、眼病的症状护理、眼科常见专科小治疗、视功能检查、眼压测量、眼科特殊检查、眼科常用药物等。《眼科护理手册第2版》按照各种眼病的病因、诊断要点、治疗、主要护理问题/诊断、护理目标、术前护理措施、术后护理措施、并发症的观察及护理、健康指导、特别关注、前沿进展、知识拓展等顺序予以介绍。在内容形式上,沿袭了第1版的写作特点,结构分明,层次清晰,使用了大量图表代替文字表述。《眼科护理手册第2版》内容简要而不失详尽,浅显易懂却又内容丰富,既包含临床知识技能,又纳入许多相关知识或科普故事,让《眼科护理手册第2版》不致过于严肃枯燥,使学习变得更为生动有趣,提高了读者阅读的学习兴趣。
Catalogue

第一篇眼科疾病护理
第一章眼睑疾病患者的护理1
第一节眼睑炎症患者的护理1
第二节眼睑位置与眼睑功能异常患者的护理15
第二章泪器病患者的护理34
第一节慢性泪囊炎患者的护理34
第二节急性泪囊炎患者的护理39
第三章结膜病患者的护理44
第四章角膜病患者的护理64
第一节角膜炎患者的护理64
第二节圆锥角膜患者的护理107
第三节角膜接触镜及其相关并发症的护理109
第四节角膜移植患者的护理112
第五章晶状体病患者的护理120
第一节白内障患者的护理120
第二节晶状体脱位患者的护理150
第六章青光眼患者的护理158
第一节原发性闭角型青光眼患者的护理159
第二节原发性开角型青光眼患者的护理168
第七章葡萄膜炎患者的护理174
第八章玻璃体疾病患者的护理182
第一节玻璃体液化及后脱离患者的护理182
第二节玻璃体积血患者的护理186
第九章视网膜病患者的护理193
第一节视网膜血管病患者的护理193
第二节急性视网膜坏死患者的护理222
第三节黄斑病变患者的护理229
第十章视神经疾病患者的护理247
第一节视神经炎患者的护理247
第二节视乳头水肿患者的护理252
第三节缺血性视神经病变患者的护理255
第十一章屈光不正及老视患者的护理260
第一节近视患者的护理260
第二节远视患者的护理270
第三节散光患者的护理275
第四节屈光参差患者的护理280
第五节老视患者的护理284
第十二章斜视及弱视患者的护理290
第一节斜视患者的护理290
第二节弱视患者的护理303
第十三章眼眶病患者的护理309
第一节眼眶蜂窝织炎患者的护理309
第二节眼眶炎性假瘤患者的护理312
第三节甲状腺相关眼病患者的护理315
第十四章眼外伤患者的护理321
第一节眼球钝挫伤患者的护理321
第二节眼球穿孔伤患者的护理326
第三节眼异物伤患者的护理330
第四节眼眶骨折患者的护理334
第五节眼化学伤患者的护理340
第六节辐射性眼损伤患者的护理347
第七节眼热烧伤患者的护理349
第十五章眼部肿瘤患者的护理355
第一节角结膜皮样瘤患者的护理355
第二节眼睑恶性肿瘤患者的护理359
第三节脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤患者的护理365
第四节视网膜母细胞瘤患者的护理371
第五节眼眶肿瘤患者的护理378
第十六章眼病的症状护理386
第一节视力障碍患者的护理386
第二节色觉障碍患者的护理389
第三节眼部感觉异常患者的护理390
第四节眼外观异常患者的护理393
第五节眼部充血患者的护理395
第二篇眼科常用护理技术操作
第十七章眼部给药397
第一节滴眼液397
第二节涂眼膏399
第三节球结膜下注射401
第四节球后注射403
第五节球旁注射406
第六节玻璃体腔注射408
第十八章眼部清洁411
第一节结膜囊冲洗411
第二节泪道冲洗413
第十九章眼科小手术415
第一节结膜结石取出术415
第二节角膜异物剔除术416
第三节睑腺炎切开引流术418
第四节睑板腺囊肿切除术 420
第二十章眼部换药/包扎?拆线术423
第一节眼部换药423
第二节眼部绷带包扎法425
第三节皮肤拆线427
第四节角膜?结膜拆线428
第三篇眼科特殊检查
第二十一章视功能检查431
第一节色觉检查431
第二节暗适应检查443
第三节视野检查447
第二十二章眼压的检查455
第一节指测法455
第二节压陷式眼压计测量法455
第三节压平式眼压计测量法456
第四节非接触式眼压计测量法457
第二十三章眼科特殊检查459
第一节光学相干断层扫描459
第二节眼底荧光血管造影463
第三节吲哚青绿眼底血管造影467
第四节超声生物显微镜检查470
第五节眼部超声检查474
第六节角膜共焦显微镜检查478
第四篇常用眼液的护理
第二十四章抗感染药物483
第一节抗细菌类药物483
第二节抗病毒类药物491
第三节抗真菌类药物493
第二十五章抗炎药物496
第一节糖皮质激素496
第二节非甾体消炎药500
第二十六章抗青光眼药物503
第一节拟胆碱药503
第二节β肾上腺素受体阻断药504
第三节拟前列腺素药508
第四节碳酸酐酶抑制剂511
第五节α肾上腺素受体激动药513
第二十七章扩瞳药和睫状肌麻痹药515
第二十八章 促进角膜上皮生长药518
第二十九章人工泪液和眼用润滑剂520
第三十章抗过敏药物528
第三十一章免疫抑制药533
第三十二章表面麻醉剂534
参考文献538
Book Abstract

第一章眼睑疾病患者的护理
第一节眼睑炎症患者的护理
一睑腺炎患者的护理
【概述】
睑腺炎是眼睑腺体的急性痛性化脓性结节性炎症病变,又称麦粒肿根据感染的部位不同,分为内外睑腺炎睫毛毛囊或附属的皮脂腺或汗腺发生感染,称为外睑腺炎;如系睑板腺受累,则称内睑腺炎
【病因】
大多数睑腺炎由葡萄球菌感染引起,特别是金黄色葡萄球菌引起的感染最为常见
【诊断要点】
临床表现:眼睑有红肿热痛的急性炎症表现外睑腺炎的炎症反应集中在睫毛根部附近的睑缘处,形成较大的肿胀区,起病初期红肿范围弥散,疼痛明显,触诊可以发现压痛性硬结,感染部位靠近外眦部时,可引起反应性球结膜水肿,数日后可在病灶中心形成黄白色脓点,向皮肤面发展,自行破溃排出脓液内睑腺炎受睑板限制,肿胀范围比较局限,疼痛明显,睑结膜面局限性充血肿胀,数日后形成黄白色脓点,向结膜囊内破溃儿童老年人及抵抗力低下的患者炎症反应剧烈,伴有全身中毒症状,处理不及时可发展为眼睑蜂窝织炎败血症或海绵窦血栓而危及生命
【治疗】
(1)初期进行局部冷敷,硬结未软化时可湿热敷,每日3~4次,每次15~20分钟
(2)抗生素:白天滴抗生素眼药水,每日4~6次,如妥布霉素滴眼液氧氟沙星滴眼液等每晚睡觉前湿热敷后涂抗生素眼膏,如红霉素眼膏等
(3)症状较重或发展为眼睑蜂窝织炎者需口服或肌内静脉注射抗生素,如青霉素类,第一二代头孢,大环内酯类超短波理疗或中药清热解毒口服液有一定疗效
(4)手术切开排脓:外睑腺炎切口在皮肤面,与睑缘平行,以减少瘢痕形成;内睑腺炎切口在睑结膜面,与睑板腺平行,垂直于睑缘,以免损伤过多的睑板腺管
【主要护理问题】
(1)舒适的改变:疼痛与眼睑腺体炎症有关
(2)焦虑恐惧:与对手术的恐惧担心预后有关
(3)潜在并发症:眼睑蜂窝织炎海绵窦脓毒血栓与致病菌毒力强机体抵抗力低下有关
(4)知识缺乏:缺乏睑腺炎的自我护理知识
【护理目标】
(1)患者的眼痛症状有所缓解
(2)患者焦虑恐惧程度减轻,能配合治疗及护理
(3)患者未发生相关并发症,或并发症发生后能得到及时治疗与处理
(4)患者能掌握睑腺炎的相关护理知识及滴眼液的使用方法
【术前护理措施】
1. 心理护理
(1)解释手术的必要性手术方式术中配合要点
(2)进行心理疏导,鼓励患者表达自身感受和想法,采取有针对性的心理干预措施
2. 术前常规准备
(1)术前使用麻醉剂:患眼滴0.5%丁卡因溶液奥布卡因滴眼液(倍诺喜)或爱尔卡因2次,每次1~2滴,间隔时间3~5分钟,在脓肿附近皮下注射2%利多卡因
(2)体位固定:正确的体位固定是手术成功的关键,尤其是儿童患者患者采取平卧位,术中保持头位固定,防止头位变化,保持术眼向下或向上固视,防止误伤眼球或角膜建议不能配合的婴幼儿在全身麻醉下进行手术治疗以保证手术的安全性和改善患儿的就医体验
【术后护理措施】
睑腺炎患者的术后护理常规见表1-1
表1-1睑腺炎患者的术后护理常规
【特别关注】
脓肿未形成之前严禁挤压排脓,以防止炎症经没有静脉窦的面部静脉扩散,导致海绵窦脓毒血栓
【知识拓展】
耳尖放血辅助治疗麦粒肿
麦粒肿是指睑腺急性炎症,属中医“针眼”“偷针”范畴中医认为其病因机制多为外感风热,内有脾胃积热,循经而上,攻于胞睑,蓄积成脓治宜疏风清热解毒耳尖放血,实乃泻法,具有开导疏泻足太阳经之功,太阳经气疏通,气血得行,肿胀自消民间采用耳尖放血的方法治疗麦粒肿其操作方法是:取一枚医用针头或缝衣针,患者耳尖皮肤用75%酒精棉球擦拭消毒,用左手指固定耳轮上缘,右手指持针对准其耳尖迅速刺入1~2毫米,随即拔出针尖,用手指挤压耳尖软组织放出1滴血,用棉球拭去第二天,麦粒肿即明显缩小乃至消散耳尖放血疗法,宜在炎症早期施行,如果延至局部软化形成脓点后再治,就难奏效了
二睑板腺囊肿患者的护理
【概述】
睑板腺囊肿,又称霰粒肿,是睑板腺的特发性慢性非化脓性炎症由于脂类物质在睑板腺管内积存,排出管道阻塞导致分泌物潴留而形成的睑板腺慢性肉芽肿性炎症,多见于青少年或中壮年
【病因】
睑板腺囊肿可能由慢性结膜炎或睑缘炎导致睑板腺出口阻滞引起,也可能与皮脂腺汗腺和睑板腺分泌功能旺盛或缺乏维生素A,造成腺上皮过度角化,阻塞排出管道,腺体分泌物潴留形成无菌性慢性肉芽肿炎症有关
【诊断要点】
1. 临床表现多见于青少年或中年人,可能与该年龄段睑板腺分泌旺盛有关多发于上睑,也可上下睑同时或双眼同时发生病程进展缓慢典型表现为睑板上可触及单个或多个界限分明的韧性肿块,但无红痛,表面皮肤隆起,皮肤无粘连,患者感觉眼睑沉重,可出现轻度假性上睑下垂翻转眼睑,见病变所在部位睑结膜面呈紫红色或灰红色,有时自结膜面穿破,排出黏胶样内容物,肿块消退
2. 诊断根据患者无自觉症状眼睑皮下有单个或多个与皮肤无粘连的皮下硬结,相应结膜面有暗红或紫色充血可协助诊断反复发生的睑板腺囊肿要进行活检,注意睑板腺癌的可能,尤其是老年患者
3. 辅助检查病理学组织切片可帮助诊断
【治疗】
(1)直径较小的睑板腺囊肿无须治疗,有时可自行消散可用药物治疗加热敷,一般采用含激素的抗生素眼药水和眼膏滴眼,肿块直径>4mm的,药物治疗效果一般较差
(2)较大的睑板腺囊肿可行手术治疗,在睑结膜面行顺着睑板腺的纵向切口,与睑缘垂直以避免损伤睑板腺管将囊肿内容物彻底刮除若术中囊肿壁破裂,则将囊肿内容物及囊壁彻底剪除,以防复发术毕用掌跟压迫手术部位3~5分钟,结膜囊内涂抗生素眼膏,用无菌敷料包扎,次日揭去敷料,遵医嘱使用抗生素眼药水及眼膏
(3)近年来,有人尝试将0.25ml泼尼松龙注射在近肿块处结膜下或用曲安西龙(去炎松A)直接注射在肿块内,对部分病例有效可持久有效地抑制囊肿内炎性细胞,促进囊肿内蛋白质的分解吸收,使肿块缩小消退
【主要护理问题】
(1)舒适的改变:与患眼眼睑肿块有关

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    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

Yami is committed to provide our customers with a peace of mind when purchasing from us. Most items shipped from Yamibuy.com can be returned within 30 days of receipt of shipment (For Food, Beverages, Snacks, Dry Goods, Health supplements, Fresh Grocery and Perishables Goods, within 7 days of receipt of shipment due to damages or quality issues; To ensure that every customer receives safe and high-quality products, we do not provide refunds or returns for beauty products once they have been opened or used, except in the case of quality issues; Some products may have different policies or requirements associated with them, please see below for products under special categories, or contact Yami Customer Service for further assistance).
Thank you for your understanding and support.

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Sold by Yami

Terms and Conditions of Yami E-Gift Card

If you choose “Redeem automatically” as your delivery method, your gift card balance will be reload automatically after your order has been processed successfully;

If you choose “Send to Email”as your delivery method, the card number and CVV will be sent to the email address automatically;

Any user can use the card number and CVV to redeem the gift card, please keep your gift card information safely. If you have any trouble receiving email, please contact Yami customer service;

Yami gift card can be used to purchase both Yami owned or Marketplace products;

Yami gift card will never expire;

Yami gift card balance does not have to be used up at once;

All rights reserved by Yami.

Return Policy

Gift card that has already been consumed is non-refundable.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

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Jingdong book

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Jingdong book