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Jingdong book

博弈与信息博弈论概论(第4版)

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博弈与信息博弈论概论(第4版)

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《博弈与信息博弈论概论(第4版)》可能是最成功的介绍博弈论的教科书,现在第四版终于问世了。自1989年第一版出版以来,经过数版的完善,新版的表述更加完美,并配有适合的习题和应用案例。通过采取直接且平易近人的风格,《博弈与信息》(第四版)利用简单的模型和直观的解释,使得学生们可以更好地理解博弈论和信息经济学。第四版包含了学科发展的最新内容,增加了章后习题和课堂博弈。
由于强调博弈论和信息经济学的广泛应用,所以《博弈与信息》(第四版)为各专业背景的学生提供了合适的博弈论入门课程,如经济学、商学、数学和政治学。
Author Description

艾里克·拉斯穆森,印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校商业经济与公共政策系教授。除了《博弈与信息》外,他还编著了《博弈与信息文献》(布莱克威尔出版公司,2001),合作编著了《度量司法的独立性:日本司法的政治经济学》(2003)。
Comments

拉斯穆森的《博弈与信息》很好地覆盖了博弈论与信息经济学的基本问题。他表述理论结构的一致风格,使得该书有着广泛的应用。希望我的所有学生能够选修这门课程并使用该教材,我真羡慕他们有这样的机会。
——马克斯韦尔·B·斯廷奇克姆 得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校
这是一本好书,它结合了近期经济理论研究的两部分文献:博弈论和不对称信息经济学。此书风格活泼,论证严谨,难度恰到好处。
——帕尔塔·达斯古普塔 剑桥大学
Catalogue

引言
历史
博弈论的方法
实例化理论
本书的风格

第一部分 博弈论
第1章 博弈的规则
1.1 基本定义
1.2 劣策略和优势策略:囚徒困境
1.3 重复剔除优势:俾斯麦海之战
1.4 纳什均衡:智猪博弈、性别战和协调博弈
1.5 聚点

习题
渔场:第1章的课堂博弈
第2章 信息
2.1 博弈的策略式和扩展式
2.2 信息集
2.3 完美信息、确定信息、对称信息与完全信息
2.4 海萨尼转换与贝叶斯博弈
2.5 例子:潘格赔偿博弈

习题
酒吧中的贝叶斯法则:第2章的课堂博弈
第3章 混合策略与连续策略
3.1 混合策略:福利博弈
3.2 支付均等化方法与时间安排博弈
*3.3 一般参数且有N个参与人情况下的混合策略:市民责任博弈
*3.4 随机化并不总是混合的:审计博弈
3.5 连续策略:古诺博弈
3.6 连续策略:伯特兰博弈、策略互补和策略替代
*3.7 均衡的存在性

习题
消耗战:第3章的课堂博弈
第4章 对称信息动态博弈
4.1 子博弈完美
4.2 完美的一个例子:进入威慑Ⅰ
4.3 要挟诉讼博弈中的可置信威胁、沉没成本和开集问题
4.4 子博弈中帕累托优势均衡的再调整:帕累托完美

习题
出售美国航空:第4章的课堂博弈
第5章 对称信息下的声誉和重复博弈
5.1 有限期重复博弈和连锁店悖论
5.2 无限期重复博弈、最小最大惩罚和无名氏定理
5.3 声誉:单边囚徒困境博弈
*5.4 无限次重复博弈的产品质量模型
*5.5 消费者转换成本博弈中的马尔可夫均衡和交迭世代
*5.6 进化均衡:鹰鸽博弈
习题
重复囚徒困境:第5章的课堂博弈
第6章 不完全信息动态博弈
6.1 完美贝叶斯均衡:进入威慑博弈Ⅱ、Ⅲ
6.2 完美贝叶斯均衡的再精炼:进入威慑和博士录取博弈
6.3 共同知识的重要性:进入威慑Ⅳ、Ⅴ
6.4 重复囚徒困境博弈中的不完全信息:“四人帮*模型
6.5 阿克塞尔罗德竞赛
*6.6 信贷和企业年龄:戴蒙德模型

习题
不完全信息下的重复囚徒困境:第6章的课堂博弈
第二部分 非对称信息
第7章 道德风险:隐藏行动
7.1 非对称信息模型分类
7.2 一个委托一代理模型:生产博弈
7.3 激励相容约束与参与约束
7.4 最优合同:百老汇博弈

习题
道德风险:第7章的课堂博弈
第8章 道德风险高级专题
8.1 效率工资
8.2 锦标赛
*8.3 制度与代理问题
*8.4 重新谈判:回收博弈
*8.5 状态空间图:保险博弈Ⅰ和Ⅱ
*8.6 多个代理人联合生产:霍姆斯特龙团队模型
*8.7 多任务代理问题

习题
游说议员者团队:第8章的课堂博弈
第9章 逆向选择
9.1 引言:生产博弈Ⅵ
9.2 确定性下的逆向选择:柠檬货Ⅰ与Ⅱ
9.3 异质偏好:柠檬货Ⅲ与Ⅳ
9.4 不确定性下的逆向选择:保险博弈Ⅲ
*9.5 市场微观结构
*9.6 多种应用
9.7 逆向选择和道德风险联合:生产博弈Ⅶ

习题
股票销售中的逆向选择:第9章的课堂博弈
第10章 机制设计和签约后隐藏知识
10.1 机制、披露、十字交叉检验法和显示原理
10.2 迈尔森机制设计
10.3 签约后隐藏知识的例子:销售员博弈
*10.4 格罗夫斯机制
10.5 价格歧视
*10.6 收益率规制和政府采购

习题
规制棘轮:第10章的课堂博弈
第11章 信号传递
11.1 知情参与人先行动:信号传递
11.2 教育信号传递模型的各种变体
11.3 对教育中的信号传递的一般评论
11.4 知情参与人后行动:信息甄别
*11.5 两个信号:新股低价发行博弈
*11.6 信号干扰和极限定价
*11.7 反信号传递

习题
结婚能力信号传递:第11章的课堂博弈
第三部分 应用
第12章 讨价还价
12.1 基本的讨价还价问题:分馅饼
12.2 纳什讨价还价解
12.3 有限期的轮流出价
12.4 无限期的轮流出价
12.5 不完全信息
*12.6 建立一种讨价还价的方法:迈尔森一萨特思韦特模型

习题
工人讨价还价博弈:第12章的课堂博弈
第13章 拍卖
13.1 私人和共同价值,连续和离散估价
13.2 私人价值拍卖中不同规则下的最优策略
13.3 收益等价性、风险规避与不确定性
13.4 保留价格与边际收益方法
13.5 共同价值拍卖和赢家诅咒
13.6 非对称均衡、关联、联结:钱夹博弈

习题
拍卖:第13章的课堂博弈
第14章 定价
14.1 产量作为策略:古诺均衡的再讨论
14.2 生产能力约束:艾奇沃斯悖论
14.3 区位模型
14.4 比较静态分析和超模博弈
*14.5 垂直差异化
*14.6 耐用品垄断

习题
科雷特的寡头博弈:第14章的课堂博弈
数学附录
*A.1 符号
*A.2 希腊字母
*A.3 术语表
*A.4 公式与函数
*A.5 概率分布
*A.6 超模性
*A.7 不动点定理
*A.8 一般属性
*A.9 贴现
*A.10 风险
参考文献和人名索引
主题索引
Book Abstract

与之一脉相承的是我在芝加哥大学所体验的名为“没准是对的故事”(Stories.That Might Be True)的风格。如果建模者并不过分的话,这不算是非建设性的批评,因为还有许许多多“不可能是对的故事”。将理论实例化的目的在于提供若干个故事,这些故事可被应用于特定的环境,并努力从中筛选出能提供最好解释的故事。在此,经济学将数学中的演绎论证与法学中的推理论证结合得天衣无缝。
一位评论家曾将在生物学中运用数学方法比作一个沙漏(Slatkin,1980)。最初引入的是一个宽泛且重要的问题。其后,这一问题被精炼为一个力图把握其精髓的模型。这一模型十分特别,但它确实易于把握。最后,也是整个过程中最惊险的一步,便是将结果扩展到应用于最初的问题。将理论实例化的过程与此一模一样。
整个过程便是建立一个“如果一那么”式的命题。这一命题既可以用语言叙述,也可以凭符号表达。如果要运用这样的命题,其逻辑前提和结论有必要经过或松或严的经验检验。如果必备的假设看起来有些不自然,或是假设和推论与现实相矛盾,则这一想法就应被放弃。如果“现实”不是一目了然的,而相关数据又是可以获得的,经济计量检验就应被用来帮助判断模型成立与否。对未来事件做预测是可以的,但这通常不应成为主要动因:我们中的大多数人的解释与理解能力远甚于我们的预测能力。
正如拉卡托斯(Lakatos,1976)所言,上述方法与发展数学定理的方法是极为相似的。人们通常认为研究人员是由假设起步,再去证实或证伪。但是上述方法与此形成了鲜明对比:恰恰相反,证明本身帮助我们发现应如何构造假设。
“实例化理论”中重要的一环便是克雷普斯和斯宾塞(Kreps&Spence,1984)所称的“黑箱化”(blackboxing)——以粗略的方式处理模型中不重要的子部分。“进入收购”(entry for buyout)博弈(Rasmusen,1988a)便是这样一个例子。它讨论一个新的进入者是否会被行业中的在位者收购,这取决于双头垄断定价(duopoly pricing)以及讨价还价。定价以及讨价还价本身是复杂的博弈问题,但是如果建模者不想将注意力分散于这些论题之上,他就可以径直运用这些博弈的简单古诺(Cournot)和纳什解,接下去再分析收购。如果模型的重中之重在于双头垄断定价,那么使用古诺解便难免会受到责难。但如果仅仅作为一个简化的而非主宰模型的假设,那么使用古诺解还是说得过去的。
Introduction

本书论及的对象是非合作博弈理论(noncooperative game theory)以及不对称信息(asymmetric information)。在引言中,我将说明为何我认为这些内容是重要的。如果你对这些内容感兴趣的话,我将在前言中尽力帮助你判断本书是否适合你阅读。
我是以一个应用理论经济学家,而非博弈论专家的身份来写作的。本书的读者可能来自人类学、法学、物理学、会计学以及管理学等等领域,他们使我对经济学以及博弈论的“地方主义”能保持更高的警惕。博弈论与信息经济学理论目前既见诸学术期刊,又存在于口耳相传之中。我的目的在于将它们呈现给你,使你得以领略如何使用标准范式来构造一个简单模型。回过头来,学术期刊上的文章似乎清晰不足而复杂有余。这恰恰因为它们都是原创性的,所以,即使是发现者本人也往往不能完全把握一个全新的想法。直到若干后续文章出现后,我们方可逐渐地完全领会这一想法,并惊异于其简洁。但是学术期刊的编辑们是决不会接受那些坦承与已有文章的想法完全一致而只是表述得更为明晰的文章的。这种明晰化的努力最多只能潜藏于某些新文章的引言之中,或者浓缩为文献综述中的一段。因此,学生们会发现,每一个构思都和它还是新想法时一样难以理解。他们要么通过阅读艰涩难懂的原始文献来学习,要么通过某一顶尖经济系的老师的口头传授来学习。而本书却提供了第三种方法。

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2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折

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