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季羡林谈修身养性:难得糊涂

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季羡林散文精选集◆新典藏版
国学大师的谆谆教诲长者的修身处世智慧
Content Description

《季羡林谈修身养性:难得糊涂》是一部季羡林先生谈关于修身养性的作品,辑录了季羡林先生关于个人修养、道德与品质,对人间的世态炎凉、人生的毁誉祸福、个人的生死穷通的豁达心态的文章。
季羡林先生所带给世人的,是蓬勃的生命力量与精神鼓舞,以及给予了人们无尽的修身处世的营养和启迪。
Author Description

季羡林(1911.8.6—2009.7.11),中国山东省聊城市临清人,字希逋,又字齐奘。国际著名东方学家、语言学家、文学家、国学家、佛学家、史学家、教育家和社会活动家。历任中国科学院哲学社会科学部委员、聊城大学名誉校长、北京大学副校长、中国社会科学院南亚研究所所长,是北京大学的终身教授。
代表作品:《牛棚杂忆》《天竺心影》《朗润集》《留德十年》《病榻杂记》《中印文化关系史论集》《佛教与中印文化交流》等。
Catalogue

第一辑 品质篇
公德(一)
公德(二)
公德(三)
公德(四)
真理愈辩愈明吗?
谦虚与虚伪
道德问题
论说假话
漫谈伦理道德
慈善是道德的积累
尊师重道
漫谈撒谎
谈孝
学习菊田的奋斗拼搏精神
论正义
坏人
我们为什么有时候应当说谎
趋炎附势
我害怕“天才”
一个值得担忧的现象
成功
沧桑阅尽话爱国
第二辑 修养篇
做人与处世
走运与倒霉
漫谈“再少”问题
牵就与适应
修养与实践
谈礼貌
隔膜
糊涂一点,潇洒一点
漫谈“毫不利己,专门利人”
难得糊涂
老少之间
三思而行
反躬自省
从小康谈起
漫谈消费
满招损,谦受益
同胞们说话声音放低一点
给“拆”字亮红灯
论朋友
论教授
我们面对的现实
论怪论
第三辑 心态篇
傻瓜
容忍
世态炎凉
毁誉

赞“代沟”
知足知不足
有为有不为
辞“国学大师”
辞学界(术)泰斗
辞“国宝”
对待不同意见的态度
送礼
学术良心或学术道德
睁一只眼闭一只眼
论恐惧
论“据理力争”
山中逸趣
谈所谓“老龄化社会”
对号入座
对广告的逆反心理
炼话
Book Abstract

公德(一)
什么叫“公德”?查一查字典,解释是“公共道德”。这等于没有解释。继而一想,也只能这样。字典毕竟不是哲学教科书,也不是法律大全。要求它作详尽的解释,是不切实际的。
先谈事实。
我住在燕园最北部,北墙外,只隔一条马路,就是圆明园。门前有清塘一片,面积仅次于未名湖。时值初夏,湖水潋滟,波平如镜。周围垂杨环绕。柳色已由鹅黄转为嫩绿,衬上后面杨树的浓绿,浓淡分明,景色十分怡人。北大人口中称之为后湖。因为僻远,学生来者不多,所以平时显得十分清净。为了有利于居住者纳凉,学校特安上了木制长椅十几个,环湖半周。现在每天清晨和黄昏,椅子上总是坐满了人。据知情人的情报,坐者多非北大人,多来自附近的学校,甚至是外地来的游人。
这样一个人间仙境,能吸引外边的人来,我们这里的居民,谁也不会反对,有时还会窃喜。我们家住垂杨深处,却如入芝兰之室,久而不闻其香。有外来人来共同分享,焉得而不知喜呢?
然而且慢。这里不都是芝兰,还有鲍鱼。每天十点,玉洁来我家上班时,我们有时候也到湖边木椅上小坐。几乎每次都看到椅前地上,铺满了瓜子皮、烟头,还有不同颜色的垃圾。有时候竟有饭盒的残骸,里面吐满了鸡骨头和鱼刺。还有各种水果皮,狼藉满地,看了令人头痛生厌,屁股再也坐不下去。有一次我竟看到,附近外国专家招待所的一对外国夫妇,手持塑料袋和竹夹,在椅子前面,弯腰曲背,捡地上的垃圾。我们的脸腾地一下子红了起来。看了这种情况,一个稍有心的中国人,谁还能无动于衷呢?我于是同玉洁约好:明天我们也带塑料袋和竹夹子来捡垃圾,企图给中国人挽回一点面子。捡这些垃圾并不容易。大件的好办,小件的烟头也并不困难。最难捡的是瓜子皮,体积小而薄,数量多而广,吐在地上,脚一踩,就与泥土合二为一,一个个地从泥土中抠出来,真是煞费苦心。捡不多久,就腰酸腿痛,气喘吁吁了。本来是想出来纳凉的,却带一身臭汗回家。但我们心里却是高兴的,我们为我们国家做了一件小到不能再小的事情。此外,我们也有“同志”。一位邻居是新华社退休老干部。他同我们一样,对这种现象看不下去。有一次,我们看到他赤手空拳、搜捡垃圾。吾道不孤,我们更高兴了。
中华民族是伟大的民族,这一点,全世界谁也不敢否认。可是,到了今天,由于种种原因,一部分人竟然沦落到不知什么是公德,实在是给我们脸上抹黑。现在许多有识之士高呼提高人民素质,其中当然也包括道德素质。这实在是当务之急。
公德(二)
标题似乎应作“风化”,但是,因为第一,它与《公德(一)》所谈到的湖边木椅有关;第二,在这里,“有伤风化”与“有损”实在难解难分,因此仍作《公德》,加上一个“二”字。
话题当然要从木椅谈起。木椅既是制造垃圾的场所,又是谈情说爱的胜地。是否是同一批人同时并举,没有证据,不敢乱说。
在光天化日之下,大庭广众之中,亲人们,特别是夫妇们由于某种原因接一个吻,在任何文明国家都是允许的,不以为怪的。在中国古代,是不行的,这大概属于“非礼”的范围。
可是,到了今天,中国“现代化”了。洋玩意儿不停地涌入,上述情况也流行起来。这我并不反对。不过,我们中国有一部分人,特别是青年人,一学习外国,就不但是“弟子不必不如师”,而且有出蓝之誉。要证明嘛,远在天边,近在眼前,就在燕园后湖边的木椅上。
经常能够看到,在大白天,一对或多对青年男女,坐在椅子上。最初还能规规矩矩,不久就动手动脚,互抱接吻,不是一个,而是一串。然后,一个人躺在另外一个人的怀里,仍然是照吻不已。最后则干脆一个人压在另一个人的身上。此时,路人侧目,行者咋舌,而当事人则天上天下,唯我独尊,岿然不动,旁若无人。招待所里住的外国专家们大概也会从窗后外窥,自愧不如。
汉代张敞对宣帝说:“闺房之内,夫妇之私,有过于画眉者。”但那是夫妇之间暗室里的事情。现在移于光天化日之下,岂能不令人吃惊!我不是说,白天在椅子上竟做起了闺房之内的事情来。但我们在捡垃圾时确实捡到过避孕套,那可能是夜间留下的,我现在不去考证了。
燕园后湖这一片地方,比较僻静。有小山蜿蜒数百米,前傍湖水,茂林修竹,绿草如茵。有些地方,罕见人迹,真正是幽会的好地方。傍晚时见对对男女青年,携手搂腰,迤逦走过,倩影最终消失在绿树丛中。至于以后干些什么,那只能意会,而不必言传了。
一天晚上,一位原图书馆学系退休的老教授来看我,他住在西校门外。如果从我家走回家,应该出门向右转,走过我上面讲的那一条倚山傍湖的小径。但他却向左转,要经过未名湖,走出西门,这要多走好多路。我怪而问之。他说,之所以不走那条小路,怕惊动了对对野鸳鸯。对对者,不止一对也,我听了恍然大悟,立即想起了我们捡垃圾时捡到的避孕套。
故事讲完了,读者诸君以为这是“有伤风化”呢,还是“有损”?恐怕是二者都有吧!
公德(三)
已经写了两篇《公德》,但言犹未尽,再添上一篇。
改革开放以来,我国经济发展了,人民生活水平提高了,钱包鼓起来了。于是就要花钱。花钱花样繁多,旅游即其中之一。于是空前未有的旅游热兴起来了。国内的泰山、长城、黄山、张家界、九寨沟、桂林等逛厌了,于是出国,先是新、马、泰,后又扩大到欧美。大队人马出国旅游,浩浩荡荡,猗欤休哉!
我是赞成出国旅游的。这可以开阔人们的眼界,增长人们的见识,有百利而无一弊。而且,我多年来就有一个想法:西方人对中国很不了解。他们不懂“士别三日,当刮目相看”的道理,至今仍顽固抱住“欧洲中心主义”不放。这大大地不利于国际的相互了解,不利于人民之间友谊的增长。所以我就主张“送去主义”,你不来拿,我就送去。然而送去也并不容易。现在中国人出国旅游,不正是送去的好机会吗?
然而,一部分中国游客送出去的不是中国文化,不是精华,而是糟粕。例子繁多,不胜枚举。我干脆做一次文抄公,从《参考消息》上转载的香港《亚洲周刊》上摘抄一点,以概其余。首先我必须声明一下,我不同意该刊“七宗罪”的提法。这只是不顾国格,不讲规矩,还不能上纲到“罪”。这七宗是:
以上七宗,都是极其概括的。因为,细说要占极多的篇幅。不过,我仍然要突出一“宗”,这就是随地吐痰,我戏称之为“国吐”,与“国骂”成双成对。这是中国相当大一部分人的痼疾,屡罚不改。现在也被输出国外,为中国脸上抹黑。
处在这种情况下,我们应该怎么办呢?想改变以上几种弊端,是长期的工作,国内尚且如此,何况国外。我们绝不能因噎废食,停止出国旅游,出国旅游还是要继续的。能否采取一个应急的办法:在出国前,由旅游局或旅行社组织一次短期学习,把外国习惯讲清,把应注意的事项讲清。或许能有用。
公德(四)
已经写了三篇《公德》,但仍然觉得不够。现在再写上一篇,专门谈“国吐”。
随地吐痰这个痼疾,过去已经有很多人注意到了。记得鲁迅在一篇杂文中,谈到旧时代中国照相,常常是一对老年夫妇,分坐茶几左右,几前置一痰桶,说明这对夫妇胸腔里痰多。据说,美国前总统访华时,特别买了一个痰桶,带回了美国。
中国官方也不是没有注意到这个现象。很多年以前,北京市公布了一项罚款的规定:凡在大街上随地吐痰者,处以五毛钱的罚款。有一次,一个人在大街上吐痰,被检查人员发现,立刻走过来,向吐痰人索要罚款。那个人处变不惊,立刻又吐一口痰在地上,嘴里说:“五毛钱找钱麻烦,我索性再吐上一口,凑足一元钱,公私两利。”这个故事的真实性如何,我不是亲身经历,不敢确说,但是流传得纷纷扬扬,我宁信其有,而不信其无。
也是在很多年以前,北大动员群众,反击随地吐痰的恶习。没有听说有什么罚款,仅在学校内几条大马路上,派人检查吐痰的痕迹,查出来后,用红粉笔圈一个圆圈,以痰迹为中心。这种检查简直易如反掌,隔不远,就能画一个大红圈。结果是满地斑斓,像是一幅未来派的图画。
结果怎样呢?在北京大街上照样能够看到和听到,左右不远,有人吭咔一声,一团浓痰飞落在人行道上,熟练得有如大匠运斧成风,北大校园内也仍然是痰迹斑驳陆离。
我们中华民族是伟大的民族,是英勇善战的民族,我们能够以弱胜强,战胜了武装到牙齿的外敌和国内反动派,对像“国吐”这样还达不到癣疥之疾的弊端竟至于束手无策吗?
更为严重的是,最近几年来,国际旅游之风兴起。“国吐”也随之传入国外。据说,我们近邻的一个国家,为外国游人制定了注意事项,都用英文写成,独有一条是用汉文:“请勿随地吐痰!”针对性极其鲜明。但却绝非诬蔑。我们这张脸往哪里摆呀!
治这样的顽症有办法没有呢?我认为,有的。新加坡的办法就值得我们参考。他们用的是严惩重罚。你要是敢在大街上吐一口痰,甚至只是丢一点垃圾,罚款之重让你多年难忘。如果在北京有人在大街上吐痰,不是罚五毛,而是罚五百元,他就绝不敢再吐第二口了。但这要有两个先决条件:一是耐心的教育,不厌其烦地说明利害,苦口婆心。二是要有国家机关、法院和公安局等的有力支持,绝不允许任何人耍赖。实行这个办法,必须持之以恒,而且推向全国。用不了几年的时间,“国吐”这种恶习就可以根除。这是我的希望,也是我的信念。
……

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Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

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You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book