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Jingdong book

西方经济学圣经译丛：关于财富的形成和分配的考察（超值白金版）

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Jingdong book

西方经济学圣经译丛：关于财富的形成和分配的考察（超值白金版）

Name: 西方经济学圣经译丛：关于财富的形成和分配的考察（超值白金版）
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110002241
Price: 22.76 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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Content Description

《西方经济学圣经译丛：关于财富的形成和分配的考察（超值白金版）》为两位中国青年所写的《中国问题集》的“总序”，提供了当时最完备的工资理论，使重农主义体系发展到了最高峰。

Author Description

杜尔哥，1727-1781，法国政治改革家和经济学家，在任职时期推行重农主义政策，因遭贵族反对而被取消。杜尔哥在《关于财富的形成和分配的考察》中的理论研究成果对后世经济思想演变有着重大影响。在研究资本使用的各种方式时，他提出了很多重要的问题，例如有关资本竞争，有关由于资本能够从一个使用领域流动到另一个领域，因而利润能够保持自然平衡，这为李嘉图对这些问题的进一步深入探讨打下了基础。而后来，法国与英国古典政治经济学家对这些问题的深入研究，以及马克思在《资本论》第三卷中诸如生产价格与利润、借贷资本与利息、地租等理论的提出，均源自于杜尔哥的理论。为此，马克思对杜尔哥的评价极高，他说：“在杜尔哥那里，重农主义体系发展到了高峰。”

Catalogue

英译本序
杜邦·德·奈木尔导言
第一节假设平均分配土地，每个人仅拥有维持其生活所必需的土地，则不可能存在商业
第二节上述假设未曾存在过，但即使存在也不可能持续。土壤的差异性和需要的多样性导致了土地产品与其他产品的交换
第三节土地产品需要长期和艰辛的生产过程才能满足人类的需要
第四节这些加工过程的必要性导致了以土地产品交换劳动
第五节生产原料的农夫比加工原料的工匠更重要。农夫是劳动流通的最先发动者；是农夫使土地产出所有工匠的工资
第六节工人的工资受限于那些为生计而工作的工人们之间的竞争。他所得到的只能维持自己的生活
第七节农夫是惟一的劳动产出超过自己劳动工资的劳动者，所以，他是所有财富的惟一源泉
第八节社会首先被划分为两个阶级：一个是生产阶级，即耕种者阶级；另一个是工薪阶级，即工匠阶级
第九节在社会最开初的时代，还不能将土地所有者与耕种者区分开来
第十节社会的进步；所有土地都有了主人
第十一节在受雇的耕种者的帮助下，土地所有者开始从耕种劳动中解脱出来
第十二节产权分配的不平等——这种现象不可避免出现的原因
第十三节这种不平等的后果：土地耕种者和土地所有者区分开来
第十四节土地耕种者与所有者之间的产品分配。纯产品或收入
第十五节社会重新划分为土地耕种者、工匠和土地所有者三个阶级，或生产阶级、工薪阶级和可自由支配阶级
第十六节两个劳动阶级或不能自由支配阶级间的相似
……

Book Abstract

第十七节两个劳动阶级间的根本区别
但这两种劳动间存在以下区别：土地耕种者的劳动不仅生产自己的工资，而且还生产用来偿付①各门类工匠和其他工薪阶级的收入；而工匠所得只是自己的工资，也就是他们用劳动交换来的那部分土地产品，而他们自身的劳动不生产任何实物形式的收入。土地所有者看重的只是土地耕种者的劳动。他们从土地耕种者那里获得他们的生活资料，以及用来偿付其他工薪阶级劳动的东西。他们需要土地耕种者是由于自然秩序的必要性。根据这种必要性，土地没有劳动就不能产生丰裕的收入。但土地耕种者只是出于人类习俗和民法才需要土地所有者。这些习俗和民法保障最初的土地耕种者及其后代占有土地的所有权，即使他们已不再耕种这些土地。但这些法律只能保障这些闲人获得在土地耕种者应得报酬②之外的那部分土地产品。尽管土地耕种者只能得到他们劳动的报酬，但他们仍保持那种自然和物质方面的首要地位。这种地位使其成为整个社会机器的第一发动者，使得土地所有者的生活资料和财富，还有任何其他劳动者的工资，都依赖他们的劳动。
……

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