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Jingdong book

现代西方经济学：微观经济学

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Jingdong book

现代西方经济学：微观经济学

Name: 现代西方经济学：微观经济学
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110075931
Price: 18.35 USD
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第二次世界大战之后，西方经济学家逐步把政治经济学（理论经济学）划分为微观经济学和宏观经济学两大部分。微观经济学重点把单个经济主体行为为考察对象。《现代西方经济学：微观经济学》是对微观经济学的详细介绍。

Content Description

第二次世界大战之后，西方经济学家逐步把政治经济学（理论经济学）划分为微观经济学和宏观经济学两大部分。微观经济学重点把单个经济主体行为为考察对象。本书是我社所出《现代西方经济学》的微观经济学部分，共设基本经济概念、消费者需求理论、供给理论、市场与价格的决定、生产要素的价格与收入分配理论五篇计十八章。第三版由美国纽约州立大学客座教授许强先生对全书进行7文字和科学性的校勘，同时根据西方经济学的最新发展，增加了第十六章的第三节“福利经济学的两个定理”和第十六章“决策与博弈论”等新的内容。

Author Description

宋承先（1921——1999），四川省青神县人。1944年7月毕业于武汉大学经济学系，1947年7月获南开大学经济研究所硕士学位。1951年一1987年在复旦大学经济学系任教，历任讲师、副教授、教授和博士生导师。1987年一1994年任华东理工大学工商经济学院院长。1994－1999年3月任上海财经大学教授。

许强，现任美国纽约州总经济计量师及纽约州预算调研部主任（ Chief Econometriciann and Director of Research），纽约州立大学经济学系客座教授。1982年获复旦大学经济学硕士学位，1992年获纽约州立大学经济学博士学位。

Catalogue

第一编基本经济概念
第一章经济学的性质与研究方法
第一节经济学的研究对象和性质
一、经济学是研究人类社会生活中的经济问题的一门学科
二、生产资源的稀缺性与经济问题
三、机会成本与生产可能性曲线
四、经济学是研究生产资源有效率的配置的一门科学
五、微观经济学与宏观经济学
六、实证经济学与规范经济学
第二节经济学的研究方法
一、经济学的哲学基础与研究方法
二、均衡分析与过程分析
三、静态分析、比较静态分析与动态分析
四、经济模型
五、经济理性主义
第三节马克思主义政治经济学的研究对象
复习思考讨论题
第二章需求供给与市场价格
第一节需求和需求的变化
一、需求、需求表与需求曲线
二、影响需求的因素与需求函数
三、需求规律与替代效应和收入效应
四、需求的变化与需求曲线的移动
第二节供给和供给的变化
一、供给表与供给曲线
二、供给的变化与供给曲线的移动
三、影响供给的因素
第三节需求弹性与供给弹性
一、需求的价格弹性
二、影响需求价格弹性的因素
三、需求的交叉价格弹性
四、需求的收入弹性
五、供给的价格弹性
第四节市场均衡价格与均衡产量的决定
一、市场均衡与均衡价格和均衡产（销）量的决定
二、需求、供给的变化与均衡价格和均衡产（销）量的变动
第五节蛛网理论
复习思考讨论题

第二编消费者需求理论
第三章消费者行为理论——边际效用分析
第一节效用、总效用与边际效用
第二节边际效用递减规律
第三节消费者均衡
第四节需求规律与边际效用递减规律
第五节消费者剩余
……
第三编供给理论
第四编市场与价格的决定
第五编生产要素的价格与收入分配理论

Book Abstract

四、经济学是研究生产资源有效率的配置的一门科学
以上论述可以简要概述如下：经济学是以人类社会生活中的经济生活，即人类社会赖以生存和发展的物质资料的生产、分配、交换和消费作为研究对象的一门社会科学。由于人的物质文化生活需要是无限多样化的，但满足这些需要的手段，即制造或提供人们所需物品和劳务的生产资源是相对稀缺的。正是由于需要的无限性与生产资源的稀缺性产生了人类社会面临的经济问题，即如何把有限的资源合理地和有效率地分配使用于各种途径，以满足一个社会的无限多样化的需要问题。因此，我们也可以把经济学简要地定义为：经济学是研究人类社会怎样有效率地分配使用其稀缺的生产资源于各种用途，以达到既定目标的一门社会科学。经济学所研究的经济问题，包括以下四个方面。
1.总量为既定的生产资源用来生产哪些产品。如上所述，人的需要是无限的，永无饱和之日，而生产资源是稀缺的。目的与达成目的的手段之间的矛盾迫使人们必须在各种需要之间权衡比较，有所取舍。其次，人们还必须决定每种产品的产量应各为若干？如上例解，当我们把权衡取舍的范围归结为消费品与资本财货两大类时，生产可能性边界上的每一点代表了这个问题的各种可能的答案。那么，到底哪一点是最合理的？这取决于上面给出的定义中的“既定目标”这个词语。简言之，与每一既定目标对应，会有一个生产资源之最优配置的方案。
2.采用什么生产方法。如上所述，每种生产要素一般可有多种用途，而任一种产品一般也可采用多种生产方法。例如，同一种产品，既可采用多用劳动少用资本的生产方法，也可采用多用资本少用劳动的生产方法。这里有一个生产效率的问题，即如何组织生产使生产要素能够最有效率地被使用的问题。这又涉及到两个方面的考虑，一是纯粹从生产技术的角度考虑的技术可行性问题，二是以各种生产要素的相对价格为基础，从生产费用（或称生产成本）出发来考虑的经济的合理性问题。这是本书后面的生产理论和成本理论要进行详细分析的问题。
3.被生产出来的产品怎样在社会成员之间进行分配，即经济学所说的收入分配问题。我们知道，人是社会的人，就是说，每个人总是生活于组成一定社会形式的人群之中，所以生产总是社会生产。就是说，社会的人作为劳动的主体，在有目的地作用于劳动的客体——自然物质时，总是在一定社会形式下进行劳动的。所以，经济分析必然包括生产出来的产品归谁享用以及享用多少的问题。不同的社会经济制度只是分配的原则和具体的方式方法各有不同罢了。
以上三个方面的问题，即：生产什么？怎样生产？为谁生产？这是西方经济学两大分支学科之一，微观经济学所研究的问题。
……

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