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心理健康自助丛书:我还是觉得我有病

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心理健康自助丛书:我还是觉得我有病

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武汉大学权威心理咨询专家担纲编写力作!中国首套心理自助丛书!带你走出无病找病的心理怪圈!周婧编著的《心理健康自助丛书:我还是觉得我有病》是“心理健康自助丛书”系列丛书中的一本,详细地论述了疑病的相关知识,讨论了疑病的各种表现形式以及所导致形成疑病的原因,疑病的心理防护,提供了疑病的心理调适,兼具实用性以及趣味性。
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“老觉得自己有病”就是真病,别让心理的枷锁沉重了灵魂,释放压力,保持对自我和身体的正确认知,才能拥有健康的身体和心理。
疑病,不敢碰触心理自我的脆弱,而总觉得身体自我有病,这一心理状态常常被忽视。《心理健康自助丛书:我还是觉得我有病》具体分析了疑病产生的原因和表现形式,提供了诊断和评估的标准,提出了疑病的心理防护与调试的方法。
Catalogue

第一章 形形色色的疑病
一、“鲜活”的病痛
二、“逛医院”爱好者
三、危机后的怪相
四、信息背后的恐慌

第二章 疑病的诊断与评估
一、疑病倾向的表现
二、疑病症及其诊断标准
三、是生病还是其他
四、疑病症评估量表
【测试】疑病倾向测试问卷
【测试】躯体感觉放大量表
【测试】放心量表

第三章 疑病症的意义
一、心理需求的“变相”满足
二、躯体症状的暗示意义

第四章 疑病的产生
一、医源性因素
二、生物因素
三、社会文化因素
四、生活事件因素
五、家庭教养因素
六、人格因素
七、年龄因素

第五章 疑病的心理防护
一、营造好心情
(一)坏情绪是出现疑病和疾病的根源
(二)好情绪的重要意义
(三)看看自己的情绪气象台
【测试】你认识自己情绪的能力如何?
【测试】你的情绪稳定吗?
【测试】情绪自我控制技能
(四)获得好情绪的方法
二、保持良好心态
(一)不良心态有害健康
(二)积极心态的重要意义
(三)心态自我检查
【测试】你是乐观主义者还是悲观主义者?
【测试】生活满意度评定量表(LSR)
(四)塑造好心态

第六章 疑病的心理调适
一、解开心结,消除疑虑
二、自我暗示,放松疗法
三、改变观念,认知疗法
四、顺其自然,森田疗法
(一)森田疗法的核心就是“顺其自然”与“为所当为”
(二)森田疗法的实践
五、转移注意力,寻找新的兴奋点
六、满足需求,避免强化

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Book Abstract

五、家庭教养因素家庭对人具有巨大的影响,一个人的心理问题,往往能够反映出父母的问题,或者是一个家庭的问题。例如父母对孩子过度关注,或把自身的心理障碍转移、投射于孩子,以及家庭暴力、再婚、漠视孩子等,都会导致孩子胆小、敏感、拘谨、无安全感。
美国布兰代斯大学进行的一项研究发现,母爱的影响会让孩子即使人到中年也不易患某些严重疾病。研究发现低收入家庭中成长的孩子成年后更容易出现代谢综合症症状,如腰围过大、血压高、胆固醇高、胰岛素低等,但那些有着非常慈祥的母亲的人不容易有这种症状。布兰代斯大学心理学教授玛吉·拉赫曼说,童年发生的事会对成年生活健康留下“生物残留”,这些“残留”会在人到中年时表现出来,所以童年时期在慈母呵护下成长的人健康状况更好,也说明童年对中年生活的长远影响非常引人注目。研究人员猜测,慈母具有同情心,会告诉孩子们如何应对压力,鼓励他们健康饮食,保持良好的生活方式。孩子从母亲身上学会这些后,就会对自身健康产生益处。虽然研究没有包含慈父对孩子健康状况的影响,但研究人员相信,父亲对孩子成年后健康的影响同样不可小觑。
孩子在父母的溺爱之中无法区别出自己与父母的界限,可能会消融了自己,无法发展出自我的独立性;一个承载了父母太多希望的孩子,可能成为父母的一个工具,依然没有自己;一个生活在控制力强或脾气暴躁的父母家庭中的孩子,一定会忐忑不安,不知道怎么才能得到父母的肯定,怎么才能避免被批评和指责,他会丧失自信,会饱含着不能发泄的愤怒;一个生活在冷漠家庭中的孩子,他会长期地被忽视,会强烈地渴望温暖和亲密,却又无力这样去做;一个在家里受到过多批评的孩子,他可能会变得胆小慎微,不敢尝试,自卑……孩子的疑病多源自家长的过度关心。当一个父母过分关注孩子的身体,一旦孩子生病了就惊慌。那么,这个孩子就会对自己的身体很敏感,一旦生病或有不适的感觉,他就会表现出惊慌来。我们身边还有很多这样类似的案例。
【案例】小敏刚五岁半,在国庆假期里,她口腔溃疡又肠胃不适,一天晚上她呕吐过后就说脚没有力了。于是母亲急忙带她去看医生,医生告诉母亲没什么大碍,多喝白开水,多吃蔬菜。
两天后小敏突然说脚病更严重了,觉得腿像针刺一样,母亲非常着急,赶紧又带小敏去看医生,一路上不停地问小敏,还有哪里不舒服……之后,小敏有事没事就仔细感受自己身体哪里不舒服,一会儿觉得身体哪里长了一颗痘痘,一会儿摸着手指关节,觉得那里又肿了鼓出来了。
当今社会,孩子是家中的宝贝、小天使、小皇帝,平日已经深得父母、祖父母两辈人的万千宠爱。当孩子生病时,全家上下就更加紧张起来,小题大做,家长更是恨不得自己能替孩子得病。在看护孩子时,家长常常会询问孩子“哪儿还不舒服啊”、“还疼不疼啊”等,殊不知家长的这些问题,一方面会强化孩子的疾病痛苦,另一方面也会给孩子造成一种错误认知,让孩子觉得生病挺好,可以得到平时得不到的东西’,这在无形中让孩子形成了一种负面的心理暗示,即使身体丝毫没有病症也可能希望得点病。就如同生活中孩子会运用各种手段,比如搞点破坏或者捣乱来获取父母的注意一样,为了得到父母的注意,孩子也会使用生病的策略,因为生病时家长就会安排去医院检查,这样就可以不去上学了,在检查的过程中父母就会推掉工作而全心全意地陪伴在左右。
孩子生病,父母心疼,想方设法满足孩子的要求,这本是人之常情。关爱很重要,但它并不等于过度满足,家长过度疼爱的看护态度——呵护、娇纵、宠爱,让孩子渐渐不能适应外界的一点点小变化,稍有不快就以“病”逃避,常表现为发脾气、绝食、头痛、胸闷,也容易养成孩子娇惯、敏感、无法承受压力和打击的病态性格。
例如,一位平时对孩子漠不关心的母亲,只有当孩子生病时才表现出充分的母爱,那么这孩子长大后患疑病症的可能性就很大。因为孩子把“生病”当成了获得关爱的“工具”。因此,对待生病的孩子,父母的温情关爱很重要,但也要注意方式方法。为了避免儿童疑病症等心理问题趁虚而入,应注意培养孩子坚强和勇敢战胜疾病的信心和态度。尽量将孩子当作正常人甚至是大人对待,这样孩子就不会因为自己生病而被“标签”化,更不会因为想满足心理需求而装病或疑病了。
除了因为家长的过度关心使得孩子学会“疑病”获益之外,家庭中其他成员的表现或症状也可引起孩子的相似表现或症状,成人疑病症症状与童年期父母特别关注自己的症状相似,常常是其他家庭成员症状的复制。童年时,从父母一儿童的特殊的相互影响方式中学到的经验,将对成年后与疾病相关的信念和应对行为产生影响,影响方式有三种:①父母的示范经验:儿童观察到父母生病时不用承担家庭和工作责任,或受到特别的重视,导致小孩认为疾病是重要的、不可忽视的。会给他带来很多好处,会享受到很多利益和特权,并因此导致对躯体感觉的关注。
②父母过分保护:父母觉得自己的小孩十分虚弱,经受不了一点风雨,整天嘘寒问暖,关怀备至,导致小孩认为自己随时都会生病,并相信疾病是高度危险的,产生对容易生病的恐惧,这种信念很可能伴其一生。
③父母强化疾病行为:小孩生病时,会收到父母送的玩具和零食,父母的特别注意和同情,不用上学和做家务,通过对生病的奖赏作用,使小孩进一步认识到症状或疾病的重要性,有症状或疾病会得到奖赏,症状消退或疾病好转就意味着失去奖赏。这种强化疾病行为不仅会导致症状产生,还可能导致症状维持,难以治愈。
病是一种武器,这种武器我们不但会在小的时候使用,也会在长大后使用。有意无意地借着症状获得好处,是我们人类在社会生存中获得的“聪明”之一,通过疾病达到不上学、不上班、获许病退、得到劳保、避免指责和批评、免除某种责任和义务、寻求别人注意和同情等目的,是非常普遍的现象,这些并非完全是病人的有意伪装,但却在有意无意中玩着这种游戏。沉迷于这种游戏的后果是自我哀怜、怨天尤人,使个人发展受阻,发展受阻的结果使个体更加执著在这种游戏上。
儿时的家庭,实际上为我们书写了成长的脚本,父母是编剧和导演。我们一直在按照这个脚本表演,如果这个脚本是蹩脚的,那么生活会变得不幸。因为儿童的方式是我们熟悉的方式,也是我们得心应手的方式。症状使自己变得荒诞,而这种荒诞反映了儿时的真实。成年患者是否有意识或无意识地将个人和社会的烦恼或精神症状转化成了躯体症状,也许并不确切,它不是简单的情绪转化成躯体症状,而是早年潜抑下来的“器官语言”的激活和重现,儿童在前语言期的躯体不适感和幻想,是后来形成躯体化症状的基础。
由于社会文化所决定的行为准则鼓励躯体症状的表达,并能得到同情和理解,而诉说情绪烦恼常得不到倾听和支持,甚至被视为软弱无能,从而使病人发明大量的躯体化症状以达到“继发性获益”。所以躯体化症状成为病人对付心理、社会各方面困扰及满足自身需要的一种应对方式。
……
Introduction

心理健康是人人追求的目标,它与生理健康一样,是幸福生活的前提和基础,但不是每个人的心理都是健康的,这就需要我们学会自我调节或寻求帮助,以达到健康或趋于健康的心理状态。
时下,由于全球化、信息化带来的社会剧变和中西文明的冲突,造成了人们观念杂陈、思想混沌和心理困惑的社会现状,加之竞争和挑战并存的生存状态,使人们的压力越来越大。现代文明就像一把双刃剑,在带给人们享受的同时,也带来了伤害。人们的物质生活水平不断提高,安全感和幸福感却在不断下降,变得越来越敏感,越来越脆弱。晚睡强迫症、手机控、路怒症、拖延症、选择障碍、假期综合症等现象不断出现,这些耳熟能详、说法并不专业的心理“病”反映了人们对自身心理状态的关注或担忧。
其实每个人都有碰到压力的时候,只是程度不同而已,这时,抑郁、焦虑的情绪就在所难免。但它们并不可怕,仅仅是心理“感冒”,同身体感冒一样,过一段时间就会好。而如果长期心理“感冒”,那就要当心是否已经处于心理亚健康状态了。
处于心理亚健康状态的人并不在少数。有学者认为,在我国,去医院就诊的人中,至少有一半应该去看心理医生,但是,由于经济条件不允许、观念保守和从业人员不足等原因,很多人因为求助无门而承受着痛苦和煎熬,有的人甚至自杀轻生。正是为了弥补专业咨询队伍的不足,解决供求矛盾,帮助解除人们的精神痛苦和提高人们的心理健康水平,我们组织国内一批心理咨询专家,编写了这套具有本土化特色的“心理健康自助”丛书。
“心理健康自助”丛书是针对各种心理亚健康状态的读者写的,这些亚健康状态包括焦虑、抑郁、社交恐惧、强迫、疑病、睡眠障碍等。本丛书力求通俗易懂,具有很强的知识性、可读性和操作性,深入浅出,从理论到实践给人以指导,以使各类读者都能从中得到自我调适、自我疗治的知识和方法,从而提高心理保健能力和心理健康水平,提高生活和生命质量。
丛书由我国著名催眠与心理咨询专家、国家一级心理咨询师、中国心理卫生协会大学生心理咨询专业委员会常务委员、中国心理咨询突出贡献奖获得者、武汉大学丁成标教授任主编。在全套丛书的编写过程中,得到了武汉大学出版社的大力支持,尤其是夏敏玲编辑做了大量的组织策划和编辑工作,提出了很多修改意见;各书作者将多年咨询工作实践经验融入书中,投入大量时间和精力完成书稿;艾波参与了大纲的讨论并做了许多的组织联络工作,在此一并表示感谢!
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    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Yami

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book