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Jingdong book

进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答

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Jingdong book

进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答

Name: 进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3117040611
Price: 25.85 USD
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《进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答》以临床实践为基础，包括十六章内容，涵盖临床常见的原发性和继发性肾小球疾病、遗传性肾脏疾病、肾间质疾病以及肾脏病的替代治疗等，《进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答》的以问答形式对肾脏疾病从概述、病因、临床的特征性症状及体征、辅助检查、诊断和治疗措施等进行了系统阐述。《进修医师问答丛书：肾内科进修医师问答》写作体例新颖，内容详实，条理清楚，特点鲜明，实用性强。为参加进修的医师，兼顾临床医师提供临床工作需要，具有很强的临床实用性和指导意义。

Catalogue

第一章总论
1．肾的解剖和生理功能是什么？
2．什么是肾单位，由哪几部分组成？
3．肾小球的结构特点是什么？
4．肾小管的结构特点是什么？
5．何谓肾小球旁器？如何组成？
6．肾内血管结构及走行如何？
7．肾血流动力学特点有哪些？
8．肾的内分泌功能有哪些？
9．什么是蛋白尿？可分为哪几类？
10．什么是血尿？引起血尿的常见原因有哪些？
11．临床常用的肾功能检查有哪些？
12．肾活体组织检查的适应证是什么？
13．肾活体组织检查的禁忌证有哪些？
14．肾活体组织检查的注意事项有哪些？
15．肾穿刺检查常见的并发症有哪些？
16．什么是急性肾炎综合征？
17．急性肾炎综合征可见于哪些疾病？
18．什么是急进性肾炎综合征？
19．什么是慢性肾炎综合征？
20．什么是肾病综合征？
21．肾病综合征有哪些常见并发症？
22．什么是无症状血尿？
23．无症状血尿的病因有哪些？
24．什么是无症状蛋白尿？
25．什么是体位性蛋白尿？
26．体位性蛋白尿的发生机制是什么？
27．诊断体位性蛋白尿应具备哪些条件？
28．什么是持续性孤立性蛋白尿？
29．什么是白细胞尿？
30．什么是管型尿？有何临床意义？

第二章原发性肾小球疾病
第一节急性肾小球肾炎
1．什么是急性肾小球肾炎？
2．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎的病因和发病机制如何？
3．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎的肾病理有何改变？
4．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎有哪些发病特点？
5．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎有哪些临床症状？
6．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎有哪些合并症？
7．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎实验室检查可有哪些异常？
8．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎的诊断要点是什么？
9．急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎应与哪些疾病鉴别？
10．急性肾小球肾炎肾活体组织检查的指征是什么？
11．急性肾小球肾炎的治疗原则是什么？
12．急性肾小球肾炎如何进行一般治疗？
13．急性肾小球肾炎对症治疗有哪些方法？
14．急性肾小球肾炎患者在哪些情况下需透析治疗？
第二节系膜增生性肾小球肾炎
1．什么是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎？
2．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎的发病机制如何？
3．非IgA系膜增生性肾小球肾炎包括哪些肾炎？
4．非IgA系膜增生性肾小球肾炎的临床表现是什么？
5．非IgA系膜增生性肾小球肾炎有哪些免疫病理表现？
6．光镜检查中系膜增生性肾小球肾炎如何划分系膜基质增多程度？
7．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎如何诊断？
8．IgM肾病有什么特点？
9．Clq肾病有哪些临床表现？
10．如何诊断Clq肾病？
11．Clq肾病需与哪些肾病鉴别？
12．什么是C3肾小球肾炎？
13．孤立性C3沉积系膜增生性肾小球肾炎的诊断标准有哪些？
14．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎治疗原则是什么？
15．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎的预后如何？
16．系膜增生性肾小球肾炎有哪些预后不良因素？
第三节 IgA肾病
1．什么是IgA肾病？
2．IgA肾病的病因是什么？
3．导致肾小球系膜区IgA沉积的疾病有哪些？
4．IgA肾病进展的危险因素都有哪些？
5．IgA肾病的临床表现如何？
……

第三章自身免疫性疾病及结缔组织疾病肾损害
第四章代谢性疾病肾损害
第五章副蛋白血症肾损害
第六章感染性疾病导致的肾损害
第七章遗传性肾病
第八章肾间质疾病
第九章泌尿系统感染
第十章急性肾衰竭
第十一章慢性肾衰竭
第十二章高血压肾损害
第十三章其他肾疾病
第十四章血液透析
第十五章腹膜透析
第十六章肾移植

Book Abstract

4.流行性出血热肾损害有哪些临床表现？流行性出血热肾损害潜伏期为4～46日，典型病例的病程包括发热期、低血压期、少尿期、多尿期和恢复期5期。非典型和轻型病例可以出现越期现象，重症患者可以出现2期或3期的相互重叠。临床症状包括各种出血症状、循环衰竭和肾损害。肾损害的主要表现是急性肾衰竭。
（1）发热期：起病多急骤，发热常在39～400C，以稽留热和弛张热多见。常持续3～7日，亦有达10日以上。主要表现有全身中毒症状、毛细血管损伤、肾损害。全身中毒症状表现为头痛、眼眶痛、腰背痛、全身肌肉关节酸痛；困倦无力，多数患者有胃肠道症状；重型患者可出现嗜睡、烦躁、抽搐等神经精神症状。毛细血管损伤主要表现为皮肤黏膜充血、出血和渗出水肿征，包括“三红”，表现为颜面、颈部、上胸部处皮肤充血、潮红，状如日晒，压之可退色，似酒醉貌；也可见眼结膜、舌尖及舌乳头充血、潮红。水肿为本病的特点，可出现皮下水肿、球结膜水肿、胸腔积液、腹水。出血表现为软腭、口腔薄膜、眼结膜以及皮肤出血点。典型病例出血点分布在腋下、前胸及后背皮肤，呈条索样、鞭击样、挠抓样或串珠样瘀点或瘀斑。亦可有鼻出血、咯血、血尿及消化道出血。肾损害多在病后1～2日出现，主要表现为蛋白尿，尿沉渣发现红细胞尿，有时可出现大量蛋白尿（>3g/d）和管型。
（2）低血压期：发生于病程的第4～6日，迟者于第8～9日出现，持续数小时到2日，也可达6日以上。重症患者可发生低血压或休克，并发生急性肾衰竭，患者出现少尿、尿素氮（BUN）升高，其中尿素氮升高可发生在休克和低血压出现之前，尿检可见大量蛋白、管型、红细胞及白细胞，病情严重者可见由血浆及细胞碎屑凝聚而成的膜状物，是本病的特征性表现。
（3）少尿期：发生于病程的第5～8日，持续3～7日。少尿的程度与疾病的严重程度相关，主要表现为尿素氮、血清肌酐急剧上升，酸中毒，电解质紊乱（包括高钾血症、高磷酸血症、低钙血症等）。此期出血现象加重，少数患者颅内及其他内脏出血。严重患者出现高血容量综合征，表现为体静脉充盈、脉搏洪大、脉压增大、脸部涨红和心率增快。部分患者表现为典型的高分解型急性肾衰竭、水潴留、高血压、充血性心力衰竭、脑及肺水肿或急性呼吸衰竭。
（4）多尿期：一般出现在病程的第9～14日，持续数日至数周。随着尿量的增多，大多数患者病情逐步改善。
（5）恢复期：一般持续2～3个月，除多尿及尿浓缩功能减退外，患者无其他症状、体征。
……

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