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Jingdong book

软件开发与软件架构

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Books Computers & Internet Software Engineering Methodology

Jingdong book

软件开发与软件架构

Name: 软件开发与软件架构
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3118006391
Price: 26.30 USD
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Content Description

大型复杂的应用软件的开发，往往都存在着开发周期长、成本高、质量差、适应性差、难维护等问题。其中最为关键的是如何提高软件的开发效率，最为困难的是如何适应系统需求的变化。《软件开发与软件架构》主要针对上述两个重要问题，探讨如何开发大型复杂应用软件，特别是分布式系统应用软件，并以软件架构为主线展开对各种典型的模型、方法和工具的讨论。

Author Description

仲萃豪，1934-2011，研究员，软件工程专家，中国第一代软件学术带头人之一。曾任中国科学院软件研究所学术委员会主任、北京市政府顾问，承担过多项国家科技攻关专题项目。他率先开展对编译程序、编译语言、操作系统、支撑软件、应用软件等领域的研究，1993年开始转入研制大型复杂应用软件和大型分布式系统，在国内最早提出基于构件技术的实现方法及其中的关键技术，他还先后兼任中国科学技术大学、北京大学、清华大学、浙江大学、西安交通大学等院校的教授，为我国软件事业的发展和人才培养做出了重要贡献。

Catalogue

前言
第一部分哲理
第1章大型应用软件架构与软件开发的认知体系
1.1 面向过程思想的认知观
1.1.1 结构程序设计方法与软件工程
1.1.2 对SASD方法的责难
1.2 面向对象思想的认知观
1.2.1 面向对象方法与技术
1.2.2 对面向对象思想的责难
1.3 面向构件思想的认知观
1.4 从认知观的变迁看新时期的认知观
1.4.1 “否定之否定”的认知过程
1.4.2 一种新生产工具的出现可能构成一个新里程碑
1.4.3 对软件架构技术的进一步认知
第2章软件架构与软件开发基础
2.1 软件架构的基本概念
2.2 基于构架／构件的开发模型的各阶段
2.3 软件体系结构的作用和意义
2.3.1 开发软件各阶段的体系结构
2.3.2 软件体系结构的实例
2.4 软件体系结构风格
2.5 基于工作流的软件体系结构设计实例
2.5.1 ARIS角色法需求建模
2.5.2 事务处理参考模型
2.5.3 几种常见的体系结构

第二部分原理
第3章面向过程的结构化软件架构与开发模型
3.1 结构程序设计的由来
3.2 结构程序设计的定义
3.3 自顶向下逐步求精的示例
3.4 结构程序设计中的基本控制结构和数据结构
3.4.1 基本控制结构
3.4.2 基本数据结构
3.5 逐步求精的程序设计方法
3.6 从结构程序设计发展到程序设计方法学
3.7 操作系统架构设计实例
3.7.1 分层的虚拟机架构
3.7.2 进程概念
3.7.3 模块程序
3.7.4 各层之间的接口软件
第4章面向构件的阶段化软件架构与开发模型
4.1 提倡软件复用的原因
4.2 软件复用的概念
4.3 软件复用的历史
4.4 软件复用的形式
4.5 软件构件的定义和技术
4.5.1 构件模型
4.5.2 构件的获取
4.5.3 构件的表示和检索
4.5.4 构件组装
4.6 构件分类
4.7 基于构件和架构技术的软件生产线
4.7.1 三阶段开发模型的特点
4.7.2 非技术因素
……

第三部分方法、技术和工具
第四部分 SOA与软件开发方法
参考文献

Book Abstract

2.1软件架构的基本概念
在定义架构之前，要先弄清楚为什么要引入架构这个概念。首先，架构是早期设计时的决策产物。通过架构可以预先看到软件的总体结构框架，为设计与实现铺路。架构是软件系统的高级抽象模型，可通过它理解和认识系统构造，也可以了解下一步设计或开发的方案，这符合人们对系统的认知过程。因此，我们可以说，采用架构技术的目标是：希望以此来提高有关软件工作人员和用户对系统设计和系统分析的能力，理解系统的决策方案，明确系统由哪几部分组成，以及它们之间是如何交互的，进一步影响到资源的配置、团队的组织和产品的质量。
功能需求并不是唯一的决策因素，设计时还有其他一些因素，如性能、可靠性、安全性、经费等各种目标。影响设计架构的非功能需求的因素有以下几方面。（1）开发公司负责人：成本低，能把开发计划安排好。
（2）营销部：有特点，并且成本低，能在市场上竞争。
（3）最终用户：性能好、安全可靠、好用。
（4）维护者：可修改、可扩充。
（5）客户：质量好又便宜，及时交付，少改动。
以上要求就需要借助架构来说明，由此出现了不同视角的多个视图组。当从不同的视角，不同的目的来设计时，就会有不同的表现形式或侧重面。因此，针对不同人员，针对不同开发阶段，架构就应提供不同视角的一组结构。
总之，架构既要说明系统是怎样组成的，又要为下一步的设计和开发提供决策。它是一种用于交流、分析、推理的工具，又是可重用的设计部件。为此，架构的定义争议很大，到目前为止，还没有统一的定论。但有一点是公认的，架构定义了软件组成的成分，同时也提供了软件设计决策，这两者相辅相成才能使软件架构的含义完整并发挥作用。
……

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