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Jingdong book

双护盾TBM的应用与研究

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Jingdong book

双护盾TBM的应用与研究

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《双护盾TBM的应用与研究》以山西万家寨引黄工程为主，结合其他同类工程的经验，对双护盾全断面岩石掘进机在调水工程中的应用进行了系统总结。全书介绍了双护盾全断面岩石掘进机的发展过程、设备性能与国内外应用情况；讨论了使用该类掘进机对前期地质勘探工作的要求与施工地质编录方法、地质适宜性评价方法与评价指标、适宜使用范围与局限；研究了衬砌管片的结构型式、设计计算方法与防渗系统设置；提出了施工场地布置、开挖、管片安装、豆砾石回填灌浆、施工质量评定标准；还较为详细地介绍了掘进机通过各类不良地质洞段的应对措施及施工缺陷处理方法。通过近10年连续观测资料分析，检验了双护盾岩石掘进机的使用效果。
《双护盾TBM的应用与研究》可供从事掘进机专业工作的研究、设计、施工、监理、管理人员及相关专业的大专院校师生参考。
Catalogue

前言
第一章 概述
第一节 常用名词术语
第二节 隧洞掘进机的发展脉络和分类
第三节 双护盾掘进机在我国的应用和主要经验
第四节 双护盾掘进机的优点和局限性
第五节 双护盾掘进机的系统构成和主要指标
第六节 双护盾掘进机快速成洞技术

第二章 使用条件
第一节 地质条件
第二节 单洞长度条件
第三节 适宜的洞径范围
第四节 坡度条件
第五节 上覆岩层厚度

第三章 隧洞地质
第一节 对前期地质勘察工作的要求
第二节 地质条件评估
第三节 双护盾全断面岩石掘进机施工隧洞围岩分类及适宜性评价
第四节 双护盾全断面岩石掘进机隧洞施工地质

第四章 设备选型
第一节 钻爆法与掘进机施工的比较
第二节 开敞式与双护盾掘进机的比较
第三节 主要技术参数的确定
第四节 主要部件的选用
第五节 后配套系统的选用

第五章 隧洞衬砌设计
第一节 衬砌设计概述
第二节 衬砌结构同围岩相互作用机理
第三节 建筑材料与结构构造
第四节 设计条件、荷载及结构设计计算
第五节 衬砌环的体型设计
第六节 防渗设计

第六章 掘进机施工
第一节 施工总体布置
第二节 掘进机组装
第三节 掘进与衬砌
第四节 预制混凝土管片生产
第五节 隧洞施工质量检测与评定
第六节 掘进速度与工期

第七章 管片结构型式与安装效果
第一节 管片结构型式
第二节 管片衬砌型式的逐步完善
第三节 六边形管片安装效果
第四节 豆砾石回填灌浆
第五节 不同管片结构型式分析比较

第八章 特殊地质洞段施工
第一节 软弱围岩洞段
第二节 溶洞洞段
第三节 突发涌水洞段
第四节 坚硬岩石洞段

第九章 缺陷处理
第一节 缺陷处理的必要性
第二节 缺陷处理的技术原则
第三节 土洞段处理
第四节 渗水洞段处理
第五节 岩溶洞段处理
第六节 断层破碎带和裂隙密集带处理
第七节 错台与接缝处理

第十章 安全监测和运行效果
第一节 隧洞安全监测
第二节 隧洞运行情况
第三节 隧洞施工对地下水影响研究

第十一章 结论与展望
第一节 主要经验
第二节 双护盾掘进机的使用限制
第三节 双护盾掘进机的前景
Book Abstract

（四）掘进机维护
“工欲善其事，必先利其器”。加强对掘进机的日常维护保养，发现不适及时处理，是隧洞安全快速高效施工的重要保证。掘进机维护是一项专业性很强的工作，特别是涉及主驱动系统时更是如此。
隧洞掘进机施工中，每天约有两个工作班在掘进，另一个工作班为维护。掘进工作班的工作时间约为8～10小时，维护班的工作时间为4～8小时。根据维护工作量的大小，可以适当调整，但为了保证维护工作确实收到实际效果，防止赶进度而使机器带病运行，每天的维护时间不得少于4小时。每天的维护保养是强制性的例行保养，不管设备是否发生故障都要进行规范保养。对于正在运行的掘进机，通过机械性能参数的下降程度，来判断设备的现状和决定预测修理时间，是最简单、经济的方法。而例行保养中进行的状态检测和诊断，主要通过油水检测分析，机械振动监测、噪声监测和机械性能测试等都是必不可少的。
掘进机维护的主要内容如下：
（1）主驱动维护。主驱动的检查维护，必须由维修技术主管负责，并准备好专用的拆卸和安装工具。
在刀盘负载运行状态观察马达和行星齿轮箱是否有异样，齿轮油泄漏观察箱是否有泄漏泊，提取热态油（泊）样，尽快送检；空载情况下，主驱动向左、右两个办向运行，仔细观察，用听珍器听，发现问题并记录。
必须对主驱动拆开维修时，应准备好配件和材料，如保护环、压环、密封条、高强螺栓、清洗剂、密封胶和胶枪等。更换密封时，必须有干净的工作场所。
1）主轴承和大齿圈检查。主轴承和大齿圈的日常检查，主要是靠油水检测。综合分析最近一次油样检测及前几次运行状况记录，可判定是否需要彻底检查。必须彻底检查时，可采用在轴承前体上钻孔或利用大齿轮壳上的内窥镜观察孔、用内窥镜检查，该检查应当由供应商的专业人员施行。
2）减速箱及液压马达的检查维护。综合分析减速箱和液压马达最近一次油样检测及前几次运行状况记录（包括压力变化、泄漏量），判定是否需要彻底检查。如需检查，应按图纸拆卸，对箱内各部件一一检查。
……

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