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Jingdong book

明末四公子

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Books Biography People Collection

Jingdong book

明末四公子

Name: 明末四公子
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3107008441
Price: 27.15 USD
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Content Description

现代学者牟宗三先生说过：“中国文化亡于明亡之时。”明末，朝廷政治腐败到了极点，内忧外患接踵而来。许多知识分子空怀一颗报国之心，却被奸佞所不容。被称为“明末四公子”的陈贞慧、冒辟疆、方以智和侯方域，就是在和阉党分子阮大铖、马士英等人不断的政治交锋中，而扬名天下的：侯方域与李香君的事迹成为著名戏曲《桃花扇》的素材；陈贞慧是复社中坚，文章风采，著名于时，因揭露阉党分子的丑恶嘴脸而闻名于世；冒辟疆拒绝清廷征辟，甘老江湖，他与董小宛成就了一段才子佳人的千古佳话，以致人们演绎出“董鄂妃之说”、“被虏之说”等多种版本的传说；方以智削发为僧，埋头学问，成为晚明的一代宗师。全书语言流畅生动，非常适合休闲阅读。

Author Description

王忠和，1945年生，曾任教于南开大学。1968年毕业于北京大学，1978年考取中国科学院研究生，1981年去美国留学，获哲学博士学位。1992年到南开大学任教，著有《清末四公子》（东方出版社）、《袁克文传》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编英国王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编法国王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编德国王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编西班牙王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编俄国王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《新编日本王室史话》（百花文艺出版社）、《英国王室》（百花文艺出版社）、《法国王室》（百花文艺出版社）、《俄国王室》（百花文艺出版社）、《日本王室》（百花文艺出版社）、《项城袁氏家传》（百花文艺出版社）、《东至周氏家传》（百花文艺出版社）、《韩国王廷史》（团结出版社）、《民国四公子》（团结出版社）等。

Comments

他曾拒绝清廷的征辟，隐居家乡，终身不仕，埋身土室，十余年不入城市；冻饿随身，不改初衷。他的文章婉丽闲雅，兼擅骈散两体……
——陈贞慧
他诗文俱佳，但怀才不遇，有志难伸；只好以在野身份鼓与呼。他与董小宛的一段恋情成就了千古佳话。晚年，他安于清贫，即使卖字换酒，也不向新贵低头……
——冒辟疆
他年轻时曾游学神州，历见名山大川，遍访同道，博览群书，交友结社，以文章博学闻于天下。他是明末清初杰出的思想家、哲学家和科学家……
——万以智
他长于古文，宗唐宋八大家，形成清新奇峭的风格，显露出不凡的才华。他与李香君的爱情故事感人至深，一曲《桃花扇》传遍天下，让后世百唱不衰……
——侯方域

Catalogue

前言
引子明末的形势
说起明末形势，令人一喟三叹的是南明政权的不作为。昏庸的弘光帝一心贪图享受，在清军兵临城下之时仍在挑秀女，选伶人。以马士英、阮大铖为代表的腐败官僚集团，对上酒色逢迎，对下打击异己，使得朝政一团糟。左良玉与四镇等军阀势力勇于内斗，为争权夺位，不惜同室操戈。而以复社士人为代表的知识分子在内忧外患之下，依旧征歌选舞，诗酒清谈，国难当头，毫无作为。
一、复社
1.明末的社
2.复社的出现
3.复社加入政争
4.复社倒阁
5.大明帝国的覆灭
二、弘光小进行
1.拥立福王
2.钱谦益投靠马、阮
3.阮大铖复出翻案
4.阮大铖准备消灭复社
5.弘光朝内讧
6.马、阮的下场

第一章陈贞慧
他是东林志士之后，又是复社中坚，以文章风采，著名于时。他深明大义，崇尚气节，不苟流俗；曾一纸檄文，传遍南京，声讨阉党分子阮大铖的逆行。明亡后，他拒绝清廷的徵辟，隐居家乡，终身不仕，埋身土室，十余年不入城市；冻饿随身，不改初衷。他的文章婉丽娴雅，兼擅骈散两体；记载掌故及纪念明末清流和殉难人士的作品，多寄托故国之思。
一、陈贞慧的父祖
1.陈贞慧的祖父陈一经
2.陈贞慧的父亲陈于廷
二、陈贞慧与复社
1.陈贞慧是复社中坚
2.阮大铖是东林叛徒
3.复社君子与阮大铖结怨
4.复社与阮大铖势不两立
三、陈贞慧在南明时期
四、陈贞慧不仕清朝
1.亲友无一人降清
2.二十年不入城市
3.陈贞慧之子陈维崧

第二章冒辟疆
他的先祖为元朝皇室后裔，寄居江苏如皋成为当地大族。他诗文俱佳，但怀才不遇，有志难伸；只好以在野身份鼓与呼。他与董小宛的一段恋情成就了千古佳话。明清鼎革，他显示了强烈的民族气节，束发汉服一副行者打扮，隐居避世，交接遗民志士，保存抗清力量。晚年，他安于清贫、即使卖字换酒，仍不向新贵低头，表现了传统文人的高风亮节。
一、冒氏家世
1.成吉思汗的后人
2.冒辟疆的祖父冒梦龄
3.冒辟疆的父亲冒起宗
二、风流少年
1.科场不利
2.参加复社
3.复社君子痛骂阮大铖
三、红粉知己
1.慕名造访董小宛
2.冒辟疆与陈圆圆的一段姻缘
3.冒辟疆与董小宛终成眷属
4.董小宛与董鄂妃的疑案
四、不做亡国奴
1.亡国之痛
2.不媚新朝
五、凄凉的晚年
1.晚年穷困潦倒
2.遭遇家变

第三章方以智
他年轻时曾游学神州，历见名山大川，遍访同道，博览群书，交友结社，以文章博学闻于天下。崇祯朝亡后，他流落在南方，联络各地抗清力量抵抗清政权。他见复国无望，乃易服为僧，做了化外之人。他钻研国故，又接纳西学，在天文、舆地、礼乐、律数、声音、文字、书画、医药、技勇诸方面都有所成就。是明末清初杰出的思想家、哲学家和科学家。
一、桐城方氏
1.桐城方氏的源流
2.方学渐奠定方氏家学
3.节烈文采的方门女性
二、方以智多彩的一生
1.涉猎极广的少年时代
2.卷入政争的青年时代
3.南奔投桂王
4.出世未敢忘世
三、方以智的学说

第四章侯方域
他长于古文，宗唐宋八大家，形成清新奇峭的风格，显露出不凡的才华。他也曾为挽救颓败之时局而奔波，可是终因耐不住寂寞，参加了顺治八年的乡试，成为他人品中的瑜中之瑕。后来，他觉悟到这错误的一步，将书斋命名为“壮悔堂”，百般悔恨自己的不智之举。他与李香君的爱情故事感人至深，一曲《桃花扇》传遍天下，让后世百唱不衰。
一、中州久树东林帜
二、白下新登复社坛
1.应试侨寓秦淮河
2.阮髯欲托侯生庇
3.烽烟未靖家难还
4.阮髯报复侯朝宗
5.侯生辗转入牢笼
6.李姬盟誓终不移
三、壮悔堂前无穷悔
四、社朋畏友几多人

Book Abstract

第一章陈贞慧
三、陈贞慧在南明时期
崇祯十五年（1642），陈贞慧父陈于廷去世多年，家道逐渐中落，境况大不如前，有时甚至一日三餐都成了问题，可是他依然好客如故。乡试落第后，他住在南京鹫峰寺，从此再也无意功名，发誓隐居终生了。
崇祯十七年（1644），李自成攻破北京，陈贞慧的三哥陈贞达拒绝投降，被农民军处死。起先，陈贞达因父荫授应天府通判，崇祯十二年（1639）补户部主事。其时，虽然魏忠贤早已倒台，但是内监还是插手政府事务。陈贞达不肯阿附太监，被下诏狱，与黄道周做伴。二人在狱中，酒酣后，指着牢房说，这就是我们的酒馆啊！被释后升任顺天府知事。
清兵人关后，李自成的大顺政权迅速退出北京，顺治小皇帝取而代之坐了龙廷。满清政权起初可能并没有吞并全国的野心，摄政王多尔衮甚至想要联络南明小朝廷共同进剿农民军，然后划江而治。南明朝廷的如意算盘是：让满人代剿农民军，将来把北部中国拱手相让就是了。但是，随着形势变化，清廷很快改变了决策，江南乃是全国的粮食、财赋的来源，哪里能弃之让人。
此时，京畿一带的抗清运动纷纷而起，大顺军扼守山西，清军忙于应付尚不敢大举南下，这给了南明小朝廷苟延残喘的机会，但是党争又起。东林、复社君子想通过铨选朝廷官员来控制朝政，已经身为首辅的马士英自然不肯相让，也援引私人作为自己的党羽。他第一个想到的就是旧交阮大铖。八月，马士英推举阮大铖为添注兵部右侍郎。……

Introduction

纵观中国历史，最惨烈的莫过鼎革之时，动辄几百万、几千万无辜生命葬送在无谓的争斗之中，财产损失更是不在话下。当然，更为无法估量的浩劫还是在文化和精神层面，残忍的屠杀、文物的丧失、人伦的裂变、道德的沦丧都是难以用文字和语言描述的，其给后世带来的负面影响也不是一时所能够算清的。这创痛绝不是一代甚至几代可以抚平、恢复得了的。
现代学者牟宗三先生说过：“中国文化亡于明亡之时。”这道出了明清交替时的巨大变化。至于此天崩地坼之变到底是推动了历史的进步，还是延缓了历史的进步，史学界并没有取得一致的意见。
现代史学界认为，明末的中国社会已经孕育着蓬勃发展的资本经济萌芽，手工业竞相发展，商贸业迅猛成长，人民思想逐渐解放，有人提出抑制君权，提倡“工商皆本”的启蒙思想.党社运动日趋活跃，西方先进文化已进入中国的门槛；虽然政治上仍是高度的封建集权，但是根据经济基础决定上层建筑的原则，焉知继续发展下去不会出现个虚君共和的宪政体制？只是在民变与外寇的交互打击下，这个转变终于没有到来。几百年来一直觊觎着富庶中原的满洲人，终于如愿以偿地入主中原。

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Jingdong book

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