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Jingdong book

本体与常无：经济学方法论对话

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Jingdong book

本体与常无：经济学方法论对话

Name: 本体与常无：经济学方法论对话
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110118711
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《本体与常无：经济学方法论对话》为《论经济学方法》（“与林老师对话”系列）的第二版，收录了林毅夫教授在经济学方法问题上与学生的对话记录。作者强调经济学家必须以“常无”的心态，从现代经济学的“本体”，即理性人基本假设出发，研究新出现的经济现象。
通过问答式的交流，作者深入浅出地教导有志于经济学研究的青年学子，应如何掌握现代经济学的基本研究方法，如何才能成为一名善于运用理论、进行理论创新的经济学家，体现了作者“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”的教学理念。第二版增加了诺贝尔经济学奖得主加里•贝克尔教授对本书英文版的评论、学生的感悟以及林毅夫教授论述经济学方法论的文章。
全书说理透彻，辩驳有力，旁征博引，无论对于经济学专业的学生还是对经济学感兴趣的广大读者都极具启发性。

Author Description

林毅夫，北京大学国家发展研究院教授、名誉院长。1994年创立北京大学中国经济研究中心（现升格为北京大学国家发展研究院），并担任主任一职。2008年被任命为世界银行首席经济学家兼负责发展经济学的高级副行长，成为发展中国家担此要职的第一人。2012年6月世界银行任期届满，回到北京大学继续教学研究工作。
林毅夫现任全国人大代表和全国工商联副主席，曾任全国政协委员、全国政协经济委员会副主任。在国内外多个有关发展政策、科技和环境的委员会、领导小组兼职。
林毅夫于1986年获得美国芝加哥大学经济学博士学位，膺选为英国科学院外籍院士，以及第三世界科学院院士。并获得法国奥佛涅大学、美国福特汉姆大学、英国诺丁汉大学、香港城市大学、英国伦敦经济政治学院和香港科技大学的荣誉博士学位。

Catalogue

序
总序
与林老师对话——论经济学方法
加里·贝克尔教授对《本体与常无：经济学方法论对话》（英文版）的评论
林毅夫教授对加里·贝克尔教授评论的回复
学生的感悟
再读“与林老师对话”有感
回忆林老师教授我们经济学方法论的点点滴滴
漫谈学问之道
恩师的教诲一生的坐标
研究中国问题的经济学是二流学术吗
本体与常无：与林老师世界银行谈话后的思考
经济学的传道者
经济学之道——从“刻舟求剑”谈起
附录：林毅夫教授经济学方法论选编
本土化、规范化、国际化——贺《经济研究》创刊40周年
经济学研究方法与中国经济学科发展
学问之道
自生能力、经济转型与新古典经济学的反思
中国经济学科发展的回顾与展望
自生能力问题与中国的改革和发展

Introduction

序
“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”，秉持此精神，我在教学中注重研究方法的探索，并经常以“野人献曝”的精神将自己的一点心得体会和学生分享。2004年春我还特地和北京大学中国经济研究中心的研究生进行了一场别开生面的方法论对话，后来记录整理成书，由北京大学出版社于2005年以《论经济学方法》为题出版（收录于“与林老师对话”系列中）。在此对话中，我强调现代经济学以理性人为基本假设，是经济学理论分析的切入点，经济学家在研究各种社会经济现象时总是从“一个人在作决策的时候，在他所知的各种可能选择方案中，总是会作出他所认为最佳的选择”的角度来观察思考，构建说明一个现象背后的因果逻辑模型。这是各种经济学理论共同拥有的不变的“本体”，也是经济学家在研究社会经济问题时不同于其他社会学科的学者之所在。在此对话中，我也同时强调决策者的最佳选择方案，随着决策者所面临的社会经济条件的不同而异。现有的经济学理论来自经济学家对一定社会中的决策者在过去条件下的选择行为的研究，因此，经济学家必须以不受现有理论约束的“常无”心态来研究不同社会或是同一社会中新出现的各种社会经济现象。
抱着“常无”的心态从“本体”出发来研究问题的方法，对我个人帮助甚大。这种研究方法让我能够在过去近三十年中，对中国经济改革和发展以及其他发展中国家的发展问题有了一些异于现有理论的见解而又一以贯之的看法。 2008年6月我到世界银行工作，适逢自20世纪30年代以来最为严重的全球金融经济危机突然爆发，这种研究方法也让我对这场危机产生的原因、走向有了较好的认识，据此适时为世界银行和其他发展中国家的应对措施提出了建议。
现有的经济学理论绝大多数由发达国家的经济学家根据发达国家的现象提出，运用于发展中国家常有“淮南为橘，淮北为枳”，甚至好心干坏事之憾，我在方法论上强调的“本体”和“常无”有助于发展中国家的经济学家研究他们国家出现的问题。这次全球金融经济危机爆发，发达国家的经济学家既未能预测到危机的到来，也未能提出有效的解决办法；而且，本世纪开始以来出现新兴市场经济体领跑全球经济的多元增长新格局。这些新现象意味着必须重新审思现有的许多主流经济学理论，我强调的“本体”与“常无”对发达国家的经济学家也会有所帮助。有感于此，我将这本方法论对话翻译成英文，并为突出重点，改以《本体与常无：经济学方法论对话》为题在今年年初出版。因为“本体”与“常无”这两个中国的哲学概念并无直接对应的英文，因此，在书名和书中我没有翻译，而是直接使用了汉语拼音“benti”和“changwu”。诺贝尔经济学奖得主、芝加哥大学经济学系教授加里?贝克尔，斯坦福大学荣誉退休教授青木昌彦，世界银行现任首席经济学家、美国康乃尔大学经济系教授考希克?巴苏，哈佛大学政治经济学荣誉退休教授德怀特?帕金斯，联合国大学国际发展经济学研究所主任、哥本哈根大学发展经济学教授费恩?塔普等人为此书写了推荐语，并给予了高度的评价。
呈现给读者的这本书是《论经济学方法》的第二版，为了突出这本书的思想，按英文版的书名改为《本体与常无：经济学方法论对话》，并且增加了以下一些新的内容：加里?贝克尔教授利用今年10月我60岁庆生以及新结构经济学国际会议召开之机加入到对话中来，对《本体与常无：经济学方法论对话》（英文版）一书中的一些观点提出了质疑，对现代经济学在中国和其他发展中国家的可运用性提出了商榷，他还就现代经济学本身和中国的经济转型、发展提出了几个重要问题，他的评论和提问以及我的答复也收录进来。另外，这些年来我所教的学生有不少人已经毕业，成了经济学家开始了自己独立的研究，从实践中对我当时的教学和这本方法论倡导的观点有了不少心得，王勇、徐朝阳、盛柳刚、陈斌开、张红松、易秋霖和皮建才等将他们的体会写成文章也收录在书中，使这本书成了三代师生的对话。最后，在这一版中，除了原来已经收录的《本土化、规范化、国际化——<贺经济研究>创刊40周年》、《经济学研究方法与中国经济学科发展》、《学问之道》、《自生能力、经济转型与新古典经济学的反思》四篇文章外，又增加了《中国经济学科发展的回顾与展望》和《自生能力问题与中国的改革和发展》两篇作为附录。
在本书第二版中增加学生的心得体会的建议来自徐朝阳；实际的收集、整理则由王勇和孙希芳两人负责，王勇还将加里?贝克尔教授的评论根据录像整理成文字稿；第二版得以在两个月内从倡议到出书与读者见面，北京大学出版社的林君秀和贾米娜精心而高效的编辑工作居功甚伟。对上述诸人的努力和贡献我谨致以诚挚的谢意！
林毅夫
2012年10月8日于
北京大学朗润园

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