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Jingdong book

好父母要懂孩子的心理

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本书阐释了家庭教育的36个心理学原理,给出了家庭教育的实际指导方法。例如,自然惩罚法则认为,要想让孩子改正错误,最好的方法是让孩子自己承担错误直接造成的后果,给孩子以心理惩罚,使孩子能够正确认识到自己的错误。这种方法比父母的指责有用得多。
本书不是一本心理学的专业书籍,而是一本指导我们如何更好地进行家庭教育的心理学指导和实战读物。简单地说,期望这本书能帮助您通过改善自身的心理状态,学会更多家庭教育的有效的心理技巧,充分激发孩子的潜能,把孩子培养成一个健康、快乐、积极向上的优秀人才。同时,本书要让你品味到,家庭教育是一件快乐的事情,而不再会有苦恼。
Content Description

看着自己的孩子一天天成长,既是一件充满乐趣的事情,同时也可能是充满挑战和苦恼的事情。
很多时候,尽管我们对孩子付出了百分之百的爱,可是,我们的表现却不能让孩子感到满意,甚至连自己都会感到相当的不满意。例如,当孩子提出在大人看来多么幼稚和奇怪的问题时,很多人经常犯的错误是置之不理,或敷衍了事,他们没有看到孩子眼神里的失望;当父母对孩子谆谆教导时,很可能忽视了去倾听孩子的声音,结果一番苦心却招来孩子的拒绝……
很多为人父母者都有过以上类似的经历,都曾在教育孩子的过程中遭受过沮丧、失望的心理考验,而且同样的错误经常以不同的形式一遍遍地重复发生,这就是为什么有那么多人在家庭教育问题上产生苦恼的原因。
这些问题普遍存在,为什么得不到有效的解决呢?原因就在于我们忽视了一个很重要的问题。那就是,人类的行为是受心理支配的,我们家庭教育的重要目的就是对孩子心灵进行引导的过程。
本书阐释了家庭教育的36个心理学原理,给出了家庭教育的实际指导方法。例如,自然惩罚法则认为,要想让孩子改正错误,最好的方法是让孩子自己承担错误直接造成的后果,给孩子以心理惩罚,使孩子能够正确认识到自己的错误。这种方法比父母的指责有用得多。
本书不是一本心理学的专业书籍,而是一本指导我们如何更好地进行家庭教育的心理学指导和实战读物。简单地说,期望这本书能帮助您通过改善自身的心理状态,学会更多家庭教育的有效的心理技巧,充分激发孩子的潜能,把孩子培养成一个健康、快乐、积极向上的优秀人才。同时,本书要让你品味到,家庭教育是一件快乐的事情,而不再会有苦恼。
Catalogue

前言
第一章 发掘孩子的内在潜能
1.罗森塔尔效应:期望能产生奇迹
2.天赋递减法则:教育孩子越早越好
3.鱼缸法则:给孩子更大的空间
4.马太效应:公正地对待孩子
5.目标效应:有梦想就有动力

第二章 塑造孩子良好的品性
1.延迟满足:克制是成功的前提
2.破窗效应:环境对孩子的影响
3.标签效应:给孩子贴上正面标签
4.互惠效应:助人为快乐之本
5.棘轮效应:让孩子体验生活的艰辛

第三章 提高孩子的学习能力
1.感觉剥夺:让孩子在实践中成长
2.好奇效应:兴趣是最好的老师
3.倒U形假说:给孩子适当的压力
4.木桶定律:均衡发展最重要
5.德西效应:金钱不是万能的
6.模仿效应:模仿是学习的基础

第四章 培养孩子的健康心理
1.禁果效应:被禁止的更有吸引力
2.晕轮效应:评价孩子要避免以偏概全
3.PAC心理状态:父母应善于调节心态
4.真爱法则:把爱撒到孩子心里
5.避雷针效应:及时疏导孩子的心理
6.章鱼心态:教育要避免钻“死胡同”

第五章 鼓励孩子的竞争意识
1.狐狸法则:爱就要让孩子独立
2.鲶鱼效应:积极地参与竞争
3.帕金森时间定律:有效地运用时间
4.甘地夫人法则:从容面对挫折的打击
5.沸腾效应:成功需要坚持

第六章 规范孩子的行为习惯
1.强化定律:好习惯需要不断强化
2.路径依赖:从小养成良好的习惯
3.手表定律:教育切忌自相矛盾
4.蝴蝶效应:细节决定教育的成败
5.热炉法则:规则是教育孩子的良好手段

第七章 随时纠正孩子的错误
1.南风效应:赞美的力量
2.自然惩罚法则:给孩子失败的机会
3.超限效应:唠叨容易使孩子腻烦
4.当头棒喝:使迷途的孩子猛醒
Book Abstract

孩子的习惯就像是走路,如果孩子选择了一条道路,惯性的力量会使孩子不自觉地强化自己的选择,并且一直沿着这条路走下去。因此,从小培养孩子良好的习惯将会影响孩子的一生。认识“路径依赖”
美国经济学家道格拉斯·诺思是第一个明确提出“路径依赖”理论的人。由于他用“路径依赖”理论成功地阐释了经济制度的演进规律,从而获得了1993年的诺贝尔经济学奖。道格拉斯·诺思认为,路径依赖类似于物理学中的“惯性”,一旦进入某一路径(无论是“好”的还是“坏”的)就可能对这种路径产生依赖。某一路径的既定方向会在以后发展中得到自我强化。人们过去做出的选择决定了他们现在及未来可能的选择。
有一个很著名的例子可以帮助我们更形象地认识路径依赖现象:现代铁路两条铁轨之间的标准距离是四英尺又八点五英寸(合1.44米),这个标准距离是怎样确定的呢?
这要从古罗马说起。古罗马时代,牵引一辆战车的两匹马屁股的宽度是四英尺又八点五英寸,因此,古罗马人以四英尺又八点五英寸作为战车的轮距宽度。
当时的整个欧洲,包括英国的长途老路都是由罗马人为他们的军队所铺设的,因此,英国马路辙迹的宽度是四英尺又八点五英寸。如果马车用其他轮距,它的轮子很快会在英国的老路上撞坏。
后来,人们发明了电车,而最先造电车的人以前是造马车的,所以,四英尺又八点五英寸成为电车轨的标准。而早期的铁路又是由建电车的人所设计的,因此,四英尺又八点五英寸又成为现代铁路两条铁轨之间的标准距离。
原来是牵引战车的两匹马屁股的宽度决定了千年后的现代铁路铁轨的宽度。
故事到这里还没有结束,美国航天飞机燃料箱两旁有两个火箭推进器,因为这些推进器造好之后要用火车运送,路上又要通过一些隧道,而这些隧道的宽度只比火车轨道宽一点,因此火箭助推器的宽度要由铁轨宽度来决定。
所以,最后的结论是:美国航天飞机火箭助推器的宽度,竟然是由两千年前牵引战车的两匹马屁股的宽度所决定的。
在一定程度上,人们的一切选择都会受到“路径依赖”的影响,人们过去做出的选择决定了他们现在可能的选择。为了让孩子有一个好的未来,父母就有必要帮助孩子做出正确的路径选择。好的路径会对孩子起到正面的作用,不好的路径会对孩子起到负面的影响,而这些选择一旦进入锁定状态,想要脱身就会变得十分困难。
一个关于“路径依赖”的实验
有人将5只猴子放在一只笼子里,并在笼子中间吊上一串香蕉,只要有猴子伸爪去拿香蕉,就用高压水教训所有的猴子,直到没有一只猴子再敢动手。然后用一只新猴子替换出笼子里的一只猴子,新来的猴子不知这里的“规矩”,竟又伸出爪子去拿香蕉,结果触怒了原来笼子里的4只猴子,于是它们代替人执行惩罚任务,把新来的猴子暴打一顿,直到它服从这里的“规矩”为止。
试验人员如此不断地将最初经历过高压水惩戒的猴子换出来,最后笼子里的猴子全是新的,但没有一只猴子再敢去碰香蕉。
起初,猴子怕受到“株连”,不允许其他猴子去碰香蕉,这是合理的。
但后来人和高压水都不再介入,而新来的猴子却固守着“不许拿香蕉”的制度不变,这就是路径依赖的自我强化效应。
引导孩子养成良好习惯
习惯是成败的关键。有时候,成功者与失败者之间唯一的差别在于他们拥有不一样的习惯。正如奥格·曼狄诺所说:事实上,成功与失败的最大分野,来自不同的习惯。好习惯是开启成功的钥匙,坏习惯则是一扇向失败敞开的门。注重习惯的力量,从小培养孩子良好的习惯吧!这对孩子的一生都有重要影响。
美国学者特尔曼从1928年起对1500名儿童进行了长期的追踪调查研究,发现这些“天才”儿童平均年龄为7岁,平均智商为130。成年之后,又对其中最有成就的20%,和没有什么成就的20%进行分析比较,结果发现,他们成年后之所以产生明显差异,其主要原因就是前者有良好的学习习惯、强烈的进取精神和顽强的毅力,而后者则缺乏。
良好的习惯是可以通过教育来实现的。所谓习惯,就是经过重复练习而巩固下来的思维模式和行为方式,例如人们长期养成的学习习惯、生活习惯、工作习惯等。在当前社会竞争激烈的大环境下,培养孩子的良好习惯对孩子的身心健康有着深远的意义。
家庭是孩子成长的第一环境,是孩子习惯形成的摇篮。6岁前的儿童与家庭的关系更为密切、长久,因此,家庭对孩子的影响也更多更大。父母培养孩子养成良好的习惯也就更为重要和有意义。
要培养孩子养成良好的习惯,父母要注意以下几点:
(1)习惯要从小开始培养。任何一种习惯的培养都不是轻而易举的,都要遵循循序渐进、由浅入深、由近及远、由渐变到突变的原则。因此,父母要明白,习惯要从小开始培养。
幼儿期是培养习惯的最佳时期。在这段时期内,培养孩子良好的行为习惯和生活习惯更为容易。古代家教思想中提出了“教子婴孩”、“早谕教”,这表明,在孩子无所知、无所疑时,进行教育是容易的。
Introduction

看着自己的孩子一天天成长,既是一件充满乐趣的事情,同时也可能是充满挑战和苦恼的事情。
很多时候,尽管我们对孩子付出了百分之百的爱,可是,我们的表现却不能让孩子感到满意,甚至连自己都会感到相当的不满意。例如,当孩子提出在大人看来多么幼稚和奇怪的问题时,很多人经常犯的错误是置之不理,或敷衍了事,他们没有看到孩子眼神里的失望;当父母对孩子谆谆教导时,很可能忽视了去倾听孩子的声音,结果一番苦心却招来孩子的拒绝……
很多为人父母者都有过以上类似的经历,都曾在教育孩子的过程中遭受过沮丧、失望的心理考验,而且同样的错误经常以不同的形式一遍遍地重复发生,这就是为什么有那么多人在家庭教育问题上产生苦恼的原因。
这些问题普遍存在,为什么得不到有效的解决呢?原因就在于我们忽视了一个很重要的问题。那就是,人类的行为是受心理支配的,我们家庭教育的重要目的就是对孩子心灵进行引导的过程。

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周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折
Yami
欣葉
2种选择
欣叶 御大福 芋头麻薯 180g

周销量 600+

$1.66 $1.99 83折

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