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Jingdong book

计算与信息哲学导论（上下册）

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Books Computers & Internet Computer Theory

Jingdong book

计算与信息哲学导论（上下册）

Name: 计算与信息哲学导论（上下册）
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3118005031
Price: 33.96 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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Content Description

《计算与信息哲学导论(套装上下册)》是国际上第一部关于信息哲学的著作。它的中文译本的问世，标志着信息哲学（Philosophy of Information，简称PI）这门学科在中国有了第一部引进的中文指导书和工具书。因而，这是一项基础性的工作。这意味着我们将来再编写自己的教科书时，有了一个基本的坐标，重点是借鉴国际上在信息哲学这方面的工作，从而提高我国未来的研究和教学水平。

Catalogue

汉译弁言
撰稿人简介
中文版前言L.弗洛里迪
英文版前言L.弗洛里迪
绪论什么是信息哲学？L.弗洛里迪
1.人工智能哲学是信息哲学不成熟的范式
2.信息哲学涌现的历史背景
3.反思的辩证与信息哲学的涌现
4.信息哲学的定义
5.结语：作为第一哲学的信息哲学
第一篇四个概念
第一章计算B.J.科普兰
1.现代计算机的诞生
2.什么是图灵机？
3.图灵机的基本操作
3.1 图灵机案例
3.2 通用图灵机
4.人工计算
5.丘奇-图灵论题
6.超越通用图灵机
6.1 可计算数和不可计算数
6.2 打印问题和停机问题
6.3 停机函数
6.4 判定问题
7.丘奇-图灵论题的误解：机器的局限
7.1 丘奇-图灵论题的远亲
7.2 极大性论题
7.3 丘奇-图灵谬误
7.4 模拟谬误
7.5 等价谬误
7.6 人工智能和等价谬误
8.结语

第二章复杂性A.乌齐哈特
1.引言
2.计算中的时间和空间
3.层级和还原性
4.NP一完全性以及之外
5.并行计算
6.复杂性和哲学

第三章系统：系统科学导论K.美因策
1.引言
2.系统科学的基本概念
3.动态系统、混沌和其他吸引子
4.动态系统与时序分析
5.自然和社会中的动态系统
6.动态系统、信息系统与计算系统

第四章信息L.弗洛里迪
1.引言
2.语义信息
2.1 作为语义内容的信息
2.2 作为事实信息的语义信息
3.数学的通信理论
3.1 原始信息的量化
3.2 对数学的通信理论的一些概念的说明
4.语义信息的若干哲学探讨
5.结语

第二篇社会中的计算机
第五章计算机伦理学D.G.约翰逊
1.导言
2.元理论和方法论问题
2.1 技术与伦理学的关系
2.2 应用与综合伦理学
3.传统的和正在突现的问题
3.1 计算机职业伦理
3.2 隐私
3.3 赛博犯罪与滥用
3.4 互联网问题
3.5 虚拟实在
4.结语

第六章计算机为媒介的通信与人机互动C.艾斯
1.引言：计算机为媒介的通信与哲学
2.若干定义
3.哲学展望：世界观
3.1 本体论、认识论与人格
3.2 认识论：符号论、超文本和逻辑
3.3 道德与政治：民主化对专制，以及现代性对后现代性
3.4 全球化、商业化和商品化与个人、本地认同
4.交叉学科对话和哲学的未来方向
4.1 批判的反思和观念的历史
4.2 展露世界观
4.3 为全球对话作贡献
4.4 为一种跨文化的地球村而教育

第七章互联网文化W.库珀
1.引言
2.有互联网文化吗？
3.均衡的乌托邦主义
4.固有的反乌托邦主义
5.固有的工具主义
6.结语

第八章数字艺术D.M.洛佩斯
1.引言
2.让艺术数字化
3.数字调色板
4.计算的创造性

第三篇心智与人工智能
第九章人工智能的哲学及其批判J.H.菲策尔
1.历史背景
2.图灵测试
3.物理机器
……
第十章计算注主义、联结主义和心智哲学
第四篇实在和虚拟的世界
第五篇语言和知识
第十六章信息与内容J.科恩
第十七章知识F.亚当斯
第十八章计算机语言的哲学G.怀特

Book Abstract

因此，理解计算机技术和伦理之间关系的第一步，就是承认计算机技术和人类行动之间的关系有多么紧密。第二步是把人类行动和伦理联系起来。也许这一步看起来过于显而易见，不值一提，因为伦理通常被理解为是人类行为的专有领域。虽然如此，计算机技术改变着人类行为的领域；因此，这些改变是否具有道德意义是值得追问的。人类环境中计算机技术的卷入有道德意义吗？人类行动的装备会影响伦理论题的特性、伦理学说的本性或者伦理决策吗？
因为一些原因，计算机技术的卷入有了道德意义。正如此前论及的，技术为人类行动创造了新的可能性，这意味着，人类将面临以前未曾面对的新的伦理问题。我们应当冒着生物战的危险发展生物武器吗？我应当为移植捐献我的器官吗？在使用计算机技术时，监控使用计算机的雇员如何敲击键盘是错误的吗？在那些经常访问某个网站的计算机上放置小文件（cookie）呢？把分散的个人数据组合成一个人的综合文件夹呢？
当技术改变了一种行动类型表征的道具时，这种行动类型的68道德特性也就改变了。比如，在工作场所监控问题上，雇主要跟踪雇员的工作，这在道德上通常是可以接受的。但是，当一些软件的发明让雇主可以记录和分析雇员所做的每一次键盘敲击，问题就以一个新的方式被提出了。雇主和雇员双方的利益必须依照这种可能性被重新考虑。或者我们采用另外一种例子。当提到软件的产权问题时，所有权的观念以及投入到拥有和复制的代价是显著不同的，因为对于计算机软件，它具有与其他任何东西不同的产权。

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